全文获取类型
收费全文 | 154篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 92篇 |
晶体学 | 3篇 |
力学 | 18篇 |
数学 | 19篇 |
物理学 | 29篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 3篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 7篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 10篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1928年 | 1篇 |
1927年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有161条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
111.
One new 1,3-diphenylpropane, viscolin (1), and one new flavanone, (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxyflavanone (2), together with thirty-nine known compounds, which included eleven known flavanones, two chromones, fourteen benzenoids, one inositol, two pyrimidines, four triterpenoids and five steroids, were isolated and characterized from Viscum coloratum. Structures of new compounds were determined by spectral analysis. Among them, viscolin (1) showed the most significant inhibition on superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to fMLP (formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine). 相似文献
112.
Resistant starch and colorectal neoplasia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
There are several approaches to examining the relationship between resistant starch (RS) and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). These include examination of epidemiological relationships, objective testing of effects of RS given to humans on biological events of relevance to CRC, and studies in animal models where protection and mechanisms of protection can be directly tested. Nine epidemiological studies have examined the relationship between starch and CRC and/or adenomas. Most show a significant protective effect. However, epidemiological tools for measuring consumption of RS are poorly developed and so a benefit for RS can only be inferred. On balance, the magnitude of protection by starch appears to be in the order of 25-50%. Human intervention studies have examined the effect of various types and amounts of RS consumption on colonic biology. To generalize from these studies, RS softens stools and increases stool bulk, decreases pH, increases short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including butyrate, reduces products of protein fermentation, and decreases bile salts in fecal water. Such changes seem to be achieved within about 4 weeks of commencing consumption. The greatest effects are seen with the highest doses where increased fecal starch recovery is observed. A modest number of animal studies have been undertaken. Those examining effects of RS on colonic biology and biomarkers for CRC confirm and extend the results in humans. RS modifies the lumenal environment, largely through altered fermentation of polysaccharides and proteins. RS also affects epithelial biology in that it increases apoptotic deletion of genetically damaged cells. More work is needed to define what types and combinations of RS, perhaps with probiotics, exert the greatest effects on colonic environment and epithelial biology, and then to test these in the cancer models for their protective effect. A few studies have examined effect of RS on cancer as an end point in several rodent models, but the results are not clear cut. In conclusion, consumption of RS dramatically affects the colonic lumenal environment and facilitates apoptotic deletion of genetically damaged cells in the colon, several of which are considered to be biomarkers associated with risk for CRC. These effects can be interpreted as reflecting improved colonic health, which might be of benefit in protection against CRC. Direct evidence for protection is still not available. 相似文献
113.
Larsen AO Leu W Oberhuber CN Campbell JE Hoveyda AH 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(36):11130-11131
Cu-catalyzed addition of alkylzinc reagents to a range of allylic phosphates is promoted efficiently and with high enantioselectivity to afford tertiary as well as quaternary carbon centers (up to 98% ee). Reactions proceed to completion with 0.5-5 mol % catalyst loading and are best promoted by commercially available CuCl2.2H2O. The X-ray structure of the chiral NHC-Ag(I) complex used in the study as well as that of a catalytically active NHC-Cu(II) complex are also reported; both complexes are air-stable and are formed in >/=95% isolated yield. The isolated Cu complex, which can be handled in air, is catalytically active. The present report provides the first precedent for efficient Cu-catalyzed allylic alkylations with chiral NHC ligands. 相似文献
114.
We review diffusion-weighted relaxation protocols for two-dimensional diffusion/relaxation time (D, T(2)) distributions and their application to fluid-saturated sedimentary rocks at low fields typical of oil-well logging tools (< or = 2 MHz for 1H). Fixed field gradient (FFG) protocols may be implemented in logging tools and in the laboratory; there, pulsed field gradient (PFG) protocols are also available. In either category, direct or stimulated echoes may be used for the diffusion evolution periods. We compare the results of several variant FFG and PFG protocols obtained on liquids and two contrasting sedimentary rocks. For liquids and rocks of negligible internal gradients (g(int)), results are comparable, as expected, for all the studied protocols. For rocks of strong g(int), protocol-dependent artifacts are seen in the joint (D, T2) distributions, consistent with the effects of the internal fields. For laboratory petrophysics, the PFG methods offer several advantages: (a) significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio and acquisition times for repetitions over many samples; (b) freedom from heteronuclear contamination when fluorinated liquids are used in core holders; and (c) a palette of variants--one comparable with the FFG--for the study of rocks of significant g(int). Given suitable hardware, both PFG and FFG methods can be implemented in the same bench-top apparatus, providing a versatile test bed for application in a petrophysical laboratory. 相似文献
115.
Zavodnik IB Zavodnik LB Bryszewska MJ 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology》2002,67(1):1-10
The phthalocyanines have recently been suggested as one of most effective possible sensitizers for photodynamic therapy and the blood viral inactivation. The further characterisation of the mechanism of human red blood cell lysis and membrane alterations upon photodynamic treatment in the presence of Zn-phthalocyanine was the aim of this study. It was found that there were (2.7+/-0.4).10(7) dye binding sites per red blood cell with the association constant equal to (1.4+/-0.3).10(4) M(-1). Two types of the photosensitized haemolysis: haemolysis during irradiation ("light" haemolysis) and post-irradiation haemolysis ("dark" haemolysis) were studied. The erythrocyte membrane hyperpolarisation, membrane fluidisation and cell swelling preceded the "light" haemolysis. The modification of the erythrocyte membrane band 3 protein by DIDS (an inhibitor of anion exchange) increased the rate of the "light" haemolysis. The rate of "dark" haemolysis was higher and that of "light" haemolysis was lower in potassium media in comparison to sodium ones. The rates of photohaemolysis depended on the erythrocyte membrane potential: a decrease of membrane potential inhibited both types of haemolysis. The cell shrinkage in the presence of sucrose (up to 15 mM) inhibited the "dark" haemolysis but significantly increased the "light" haemolysis. Oxidation of intracellular oxyHb to metHb by nitrite, which drastically decreases intracellular oxygen concentration, as well as GSH concentration, inhibited the rate of the "light" haemolysis. The results allow for the conclusion that the mechanism of photochemical ("light") haemolysis is not of a colloid-osmotical type, in contrast to the post-irradiation ("dark") haemolysis. The photochemical oxidation or denaturation of band 3 protein plays a significant role in the formation of haemolytic holes. The membrane lipid peroxidation, as well as glutathione oxidation, does not participate in the process of photosensitized haemolysis. From the inhibition of "dark" haemolysis by sucrose the apparent pore radius was estimated to be about 1.1 nm. The pores appear to be transient short-lived ones, the average pore number per cell was 0.02. 相似文献
116.
C. Degen G. Jennemann I. Fischer W. Elsäßer S. Leu R. Rettig W. Stolz 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2002,34(7):707-716
We investigate the impact of waveguide properties on the performance of surface-emitting second-harmonic generation (SESHG) devices. Using multi-layer AlGaAs/GaAs ridge waveguides that are optimized for SESHG at fundamental wavelengths = 1060 and 1550 nm, we achieve nonlinear cross-sections among the highest reported so far. In these devices, characteristics of the guided fundamental wave strongly determine the SESHG performance: multiple reflections in the longitudinal direction affect the conversion efficiency while higher order lateral waveguide modes modify the SESHG farfield. Both effects are significant for applications of SESHG in integrated photonic circuits. 相似文献
117.
Let be a rational prime and a positive rational integer coprime with . Denote by the number of solutions of the equation in rational integers and . In a paper of Le, he claimed that without giving a proof. Furthermore, the statement has been used by Le, Bugeaud and Shorey in their papers to derive results on certain Diophantine equations. In this paper we point out that the statement is incorrect by proving that .
118.
119.
采用红外椭圆偏振光谱对微波等离子体化学气相沉积法(MPCVD)和热丝化学气相沉积法(H-FCVD)制备的金刚石薄膜在红外波长范围(2.5—12.5μm)的光学参数进行了测量.建立了不同的光学模型,且在模型中采用Bruggeman有效介质近似方法综合考虑了薄膜表面和界面的椭偏效应.结果表明,MPCVD金刚石膜的椭偏数据在模型引入了厚度为77.5nm的硅表面氧化层、HFCVD金刚石膜引入879nm粗糙层之后能得到很好的拟合.最后对两种模型下金刚石薄膜的折射率和消光系数进行了计算,表明MPCVD金刚石薄膜的红外
关键词:
金刚石薄膜
红外椭圆偏振光谱
光学参数
有效介质近似 相似文献
120.
An investigation of benzylic oxidations with manganese dioxide supported on neutral alumina has been carried out. Isolation of intermediated products, which is possible in some cases, gives strong support for the reaction mechanism proposed. With 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4,4′-dihydroxy-3,5,3′,5′-tetra-tert-butyldiphenylmethane,2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 4-methyl-phenol, selective formation of essentially a single product in excellent yield was obtained. 相似文献