全文获取类型
收费全文 | 187篇 |
免费 | 10篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 128篇 |
晶体学 | 6篇 |
力学 | 2篇 |
数学 | 20篇 |
物理学 | 42篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 15篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 20篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 10篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 10篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有198条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Both dry- and wet-process were employed for preparing membrane of ethylene-vinylalcohol copolymer (EVAL) for blood dialysis. Asymmetric and symmetric, dense or porous membranes were prepared by the dry-process. The relationship between the structure of membranes and the experimental variables is explained by using a solubility curve model. This model predicts the membrane structure successfully under various conditions, including the change of temperature of the environment, the solvent system and the temperature of polymer solution. For wet-processes, the casting solutions were coagulated in a precipitation bath (water). Three different structures were obtained: finger type, sponge type and particle-bonded type. The cloud point experiment and the polymer segment motion help to understand and control the membrane structure. Some properties of the EVAL membrane for blood dialysis are shown. It is comparable with or better than the commercialized one. This study may prove useful in determing the controlling parameters for the preparation of membranes from other polymers. 相似文献
62.
The problem of non-Darcy natural convection adjacent to a vertical cylinder embedded in a thermally stratified porous medium
has been analyzed. Nonsimilarity solutions are obtained for the case that the ambient temperature increases linearly with
height of the cylinder. A generalized flow model was used in the present study to include the effects of the macroscopic viscous
term and the microscopic inertial force. Also, the thermal dispersion effect is considered in the energy equation. Thus, the
main aim of this work is to examine the effects of thermal stratification and non-Darcy flow phenomena on the free convection
flow and heat transfer characteristics. It was found that the present problem depends on six parameters, namely, the local
thermal stratification parameter ξ, the boundary effect parameter Bp, the modified Grashof number Gr*, wall temperature exponent m, the curvature parameter ω, and the modified Rayleigh number based on pore diameter Ra
d
. The impacts of these governing parameters on the local heat transfer parameter are discussed in great detail. Also, representative
velocity and temperature profiles are presented at selected values of the thermal stratification parameter. In general, the
local heat transfer parameter is increased with increasing the values of m, ω, and Ra
d
; while it is decreased with increasing the values of ξ, Bp, and Gr*.
Received on 19 May 1998 相似文献
63.
Invariance principles are proved under diffusive scaling for the centered position of a tagged particle in the simple exclusion process with asymmetric nonzero drift jump probabilities in dimensions d ≥ 3. The method of proof is by martin‐gale techniques which rely on the fact that symmetric random walks are transient in high dimensions. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
64.
Chien‐Hsin Liu Shinn‐Horng Chen Yun Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(12):3882-3895
Soluble and well‐defined 9,9‐dihexylfluorene and 9‐dimethylaminopropylcarbazole based copolymers PFCN and 5PFCN have been prepared by Suzuki coupling polymerization. For comparison, alternate copolymer of 9,9‐dihexylfluorene and 9‐hexylcarbazole (PFC) was also prepared with the same method. Furthermore, alternate copolymer of 9,9‐dihexylfluorene and 9‐dimethylethylammoniumpropylcarbazole (PFCNE) was prepared from PFCN by the ethylation of its dimethylaminopropyl groups with bromoethane. These copolymers were soluble in organic solvents and showed high glass‐transition temperatures (75–160 °C). The optimized architecture of PFCN from a simulation was a spiral, which was different from the linear structure of poly(9,9‐dihexylfluorene) (PFO). Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the residual weights of 5PFCN, PFCN, PFC, and PFCNE at 800 °C were all greater then 50%, whereas PFO showed complete thermal decomposition. Both the absorption and photoluminescence emission peaks of these copolymers showed blueshifts after the introduction of the carbazole units because of reduced conjugation. Moreover, the introduction of 9‐hexylcarbazole and 9‐dimethylamionpropylcarbazole moieties into copolymers PFC and PFCN, respectively, effectively prevented the excimer formation of PFO. According to cyclic voltammetry results, PFCNE containing quaternary amino pendant groups exhibited the most stable reduction–oxidation cycles. The turn‐on electric fields of their electroluminescence devices decreased with increasing carbazole content because of the more balanced carrier injection. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3882–3895, 2006 相似文献
65.
Wen-Ying Wang Shey-Huei Sheu Yan-Chun Chen Der-Juinn Horng 《European Journal of Operational Research》2009
This paper addresses issues relating to off-line inspection with rework consideration. We develop a mathematical model to determine the first unit inspected and the average number to be inspected in a batch, assuming the involvement of a quality-control department with a standard procedure. Numerical analyses are used to simulate the effect of changes in the various parameters on the optimal solution when the probability of a transition between states follows the discrete Weibull distribution. 相似文献
66.
Ruei‐Tang Chen Shinn‐Horng Chen Bar‐Yuan Hsieh Yun Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2009,47(11):2821-2834
A series of fluorene derivatives containing nonsymmetric and bulky aromatic groups at C‐9 position were synthesized and used for the preparation of blue‐light‐emitting copolyfluorenes ( P1 – P4 ) by the Suzuki coupling polycondensation. The copolymers were characterized by molecular weight determination, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis, absorption and emission spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry. Their decomposition temperatures and glass transition temperatures are 423–441 °C and >120 °C, respectively. In film state, the copolyfluorenes exhibit blue photoluminescence at 425–450 nm, which remains almost unchanged after annealing at 200 °C in air for 60 min. Polymer light‐emitting diodes [ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ P1 – P4 /Ca(50 nm)/Al(100 nm)] show stable blue‐light emission under device operation with the CIE co‐ordinates being between (0.16, 0.07) and (0.17, 0.09). The light‐emitting diodes devices from P1 and P3 containing electron‐deficient oxadiazole units display enhanced performance, with the maximum brightness and maximum current efficiency being (4510 cd/m2 and 2.40 cd/A) and (2930 cd/m2, 1.19 cd/A), respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2821–2834, 2009 相似文献
67.
Jih Ru Hwu Prof. Joseph Jen‐Tse Huang Dr. Fu‐Yuan Tsai Dr. Shwu‐Chen Tsay Dr. Ming‐Hua Hsu Dr. Kuo Chu Hwang Dr. Jia‐Cherng Horng Dr. Ja‐an Annie Ho Dr. Chun‐Cheng Lin Dr. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2009,15(35):8742-8750
N‐Nitroso compounds containing benzene, fluorene or fluorenone rings were synthesized. Photolysis of these compounds with 312‐nm UV light provided the NO . species, the presence of which was corroborated by use of an EPR method and of 2‐phenyl‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazolin‐1‐oxyl 3‐oxide (PTIO) as a trapping agent. During irradiation of N‐methyl‐N‐nitroso‐9‐fluorenone carboxamide ( 14 c ) in the absence of PTIO, it underwent decomposition followed by recombination to give the heterocyclic nitric oxide radical 15 . Incorporation of intercalating moieties endowed the N‐nitroso compounds with DNA‐cleaving ability through single‐strand scission upon UV irradiation in a phosphate buffer (pH 5.0–8.0) under aerobic conditions. 相似文献
68.
The quadratic performance measure of estimation errors in approximated by using the Legendre polynomial approach for the design of optimal observers with specified distinct and multiple eigenvalues. This method is simple as compared with other design techniques of optimal observers. One example is illustrated, and only a small number (m=6) of shifted Legendre series are needed to produce a much better result than that obtained by the convenient block-pulse function. 相似文献
69.
Lin LC Meng HF Shy JT Horng SF Yu LS Chen CH Liaw HH Huang CC Peng KY Chen SA 《Physical review letters》2003,90(3):036601
The triplet to singlet exciton formation ratio in a MEH-PPV light-emitting diode is measured by comparing the triplet-induced absorptions with optical and electric excitations at the same singlet exciton density. The ratio is a strong universal decreasing function of the averaged electric field. Using 4 ns for singlet to triplet intersystem crossing time, the ratio is significantly larger than the spin-independent value 3 at intermediate field but is reduced to about 2 for higher field. 相似文献
70.
Pannuru Pavani Gupta Bhupender S. Horng Jia-Cherng Lee Ming-Jer 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2020,142(5):2003-2013
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - To elucidate the influence of commonly used biological buffers on the hemoglobin (Hb) structure, biomolecular interactions between Hb and the selected... 相似文献