具有特定非零Walsh谱值个数的布尔函数的研究及构造

布尔函数与其变元的相关性与流密码的相关攻击有紧密联系，Walsh变换则是研究布尔函数相关特性的主要工具，本文研究了非零Walsh谱值个数k=9，10的布尔函数，证明了k=9的函数的不存在性，并构造了所有k=10的函数。     

Differential equations over polynomially bounded o-minimal structures

We investigate the asymptotic behavior at of non-oscillatory solutions to differential equations a$">, where is definable in a polynomially bounded o-minimal structure. In particular, we show that the Pfaffian closure of a polynomially bounded o-minimal structure on the real field is levelled.

     

变形双重介质分形油藏非达西流动分析

考虑与实际生产相符的介质的双重特性和分形特征,并考虑介质的变形,引入双重分形介质渗透率模数,建立应力敏感地层双重分形介质系统的流动方程.采用Douglas-Jones预估-校正法获得无限大地层定产量生产时变形双重分形介质模型的数值解和无限大地层定压生产时分形介质双孔模型的数值解,作出了典型的压力曲线图版.     

光谱导数Kalman滤波同时测定苯酚-邻氯苯酚和2,4二氯苯酚

文中提出了一个新的、稳定的光谱导数Kalman滤波紫外分光光度法同时定量分析方法,并且成功地将其应用于极难分辨的苯酚-邻氯苯酚和2,4二氯苯酚三组分混合体系的同时测量.选择分析光谱导数的原因是其不仅包含着吸光度,还包括在指定波长位置变化趋向等更多的信息量,这样更利于在吸收峰重叠的位置捕捉有较大差异的信号.利用Kalman滤波可以解决由光谱导数而引起的噪声放大问题,也可以过滤源于实验的噪声以及来自传递模型误差.在260～290 nm区间测量了30组浓度各自在1～10 mg·L-1范围的苯酚-邻氯苯酚和2,4二氯苯酚标准混合溶液紫外吸收光谱图.利用分段延伸高次多项式回归模拟求导准确获得吸光度导数,并且利用偏最小二乘法将其制作成Kalman滤波标准工作系数矩阵.通过随机线性离散系统的Kalman滤波器最优平滑计算,对混合体系中的各组分进行定量分析.回收实验显示出,光谱导数Kalman滤波分析法应用于本实验的极难分辨的三组分体系,得到了非常高的回收率,并且在整个实验范围内光谱导数Kalman滤波分析法具有非常好的稳定性.     

Topics in data assimilation: Stochastic processes

Stochastic models with varying degrees of complexity are increasingly widespread in the oceanic and atmospheric sciences. One application is data assimilation, i.e., the combination of model output with observations to form the best picture of the system under study. For any given quantity to be estimated, the relative weights of the model and the data will be adjusted according to estimated model and data error statistics, so implementation of any data assimilation scheme will require some assumption about errors, which are considered to be random. For dynamical models, some assumption about the evolution of errors will be needed. Stochastic models are also applied in studies of predictability.

The formal theory of stochastic processes was well developed in the last half of the twentieth century. One consequence of this theory is that methods of simulation of deterministic processes cannot be applied to random processes without some modification. In some cases the rules of ordinary calculus must be modified.

The formal theory was developed in terms of mathematical formalism that may be unfamiliar to many oceanic and atmospheric scientists. The purpose of this article is to provide an informal introduction to the relevant theory, and to point out those situations in which that theory must be applied in order to model random processes correctly.     

An Experimental Study of Mg Aggregation in AA5754 Alloys by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy

Defects in an AA5754 （Al-3.0%Mg） alloy are investigated by coincidence Doppler broadening spectroscopy and positron lifetime spectroscopy. The results indicate enhancement of positron trapping by Mg atoms in this Al-Mg alloy after quenching treatment at 623K, which may be due to the formation of vacancy-Mg complexes or the aggregation of Mg near the vacancy sites. It is speculated that the aggregation of Mg atoms in the moderate temperature range is responsible for cracking in spot welding of AA5754 alloys.     

Improved Ligand-Field Theory with Effect of Electron-Phonon Interaction

Traditional ligand-field theory has to be improved by taking into account both “pure electronic” contribution and electron-phonon interaction one (including lattice-vibrational relaxation energy). By means of improved ligand-field theory, R₁, R₂, R₃', R₂', and R₁' lines, U band, ground-state zero-field-splitting (GSZFS), and ground-state g factors of ruby and/or GSGG:Cr³⁺ as well as thermal shifts of GSZFS, R₁ line and R₂ line of ruby have been calculated. The results are in very good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, it is found that the value of cubic-field parameter given by traditional ligand-field theory is inappropriately large. For thermal shifts of GSZFS, R₁ line and R₂ line of ruby, several conclusions have also been obtained.     

Determination of the calcium species in coal chars by Ca K-edge XANES analysis

Ca-based additives have been widely used as a sulfur adsorbent during coal pyrolysis and gasification. The Ca speciation and evolution during the pyrolysis of coal with Ca additives have attracted great attention. In this paper, Ca species in the coal chars prepared from the pyrolysis of Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3-added coals are studied by using Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structural spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that Ca(OH)2 , CaSO4 , CaS and CaO coexist in the Ca(OH)2-added chars, while Ca(OH)2 and CaSO4 are the main species in the Ca(OH)2-added chars. Besides, a carboxyl-bound Ca is also formed during both the pyrolysis for the Ca(OH)2-added and the CaCO3-added coals. A detailed discussion about the Ca speciation is given.     

基于HVS的小波域信息隐藏方法

为了提高信息隐藏的不可感知性和鲁棒性,结合人眼视觉系统(HVS)的相关知识,提出了一种新的小波域信息隐藏算法。将载体图像的中等亮度区域设为不可用区域,不在该区域隐藏信息,同时选择在载体图像小波变换的高频系数细节子图隐藏信息,并优先选择在对角高频系数细节子图中隐藏。计算局部子块的方差值作为隐藏信息的嵌入系数,并通过计算高频子图的噪声敏感模型ωθ(i,j)决定隐藏信息的位置。充分考虑了人眼的各种视觉掩蔽效应,使得隐藏信息后的结果图像相比隐藏之前没有出现明显的降质。实验结果表明该方法能够有效提高信息隐藏的不可知性,达到了很好的隐藏效果,同时能够有效地抗击噪声、裁剪和压缩等攻击影响,具有很好的鲁棒性,在信息安全领域有较好的应用前景。