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101.
Milena Kheilová 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1999,49(2):167-176
The expression for the entropy flux is analysed from the point of view of irreversible thermodynamics. In connection with this problem the evolution equations for the heat flux and for the electric current density including nonlocal terms are derived and discussed. The relation for the entropy flux is compared with that obtained by the statistical nonequilibrium thermodynamics on the basis founded on a generalized Gibbs' ensemble method for nonequilibrium systems. 相似文献
102.
Chemiluminescent labelling, which is one of the promising procedures of modern immunodiagnostics, is increasingly carried out using acridinium derivatives, an oxidant, and an alkaline aqueous environment. However, the efficiency of the chemiluminescence of luminol or acridinium esters is higher in non-aqueous solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide or acetonitrile. Therefore, the search for a new environment for the chemiluminescence reaction, especially the one characterized by a higher quantum yield of chemiluminescence, is one of the aims of current research. Using computational methods (DFT and TD DFT with PCM model of solvent), we examined thermodynamic and kinetic data concerning the chemiluminescence and competitive dark pathways. Our results suggest that better characteristics of the chemiluminescence reaction of acridinium thioester are observed in nonpolar solvents, such as methylcyclohexane, n-hexane and n-pentane, than in aqueous media used so far. Further experimental verification is necessary to confirm the possible application of proposed nonpolar solvents in chemiluminescent labelling and hence in immunodiagnostics. 相似文献
103.
104.
Anaya M Kwak M Musser AJ Müllen K Herrmann A 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(43):12852-12859
This work describes the synthesis and characterization of a new family of DNA amphiphiles containing modified nucleobases. The hydrophobicity was imparted by the introduction of a dodec-1-yne chain at the 5-position of the uracil base, which allowed precise and simple tuning of the hydrophobic properties through solid-phase DNA synthesis. The micelles formed from these modified DNA sequences were characterized by atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These experiments revealed the role of the quantity and location of the hydrophobic units in determining the morphology and stability of the micelles. The effects of hybridization on the physical characteristics of the DNA micelles were also studied; these results showed potential for the sequence-specific noncovalent functionalization of the self-assembled aggregates. 相似文献
105.
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107.
Marković Gordana Marinović-Cincović Milena Vodnik Vesna Radovanović Blaga Budinski-Simendić Jaroslava Veljković Olivera 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2009,97(3):999-1006
The properties of chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM) rubber, acrylonitrile rubber (NBR) and their blend (50/50 w/w) were
studied. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies supported that CSM/NBR rubber blend is self curable, when cross-linking
takes place between acrylonitrile groups of NBR and –SO2Cl groups or in situ generated allyl chloride moieties of CSM. The thermal stability of vulcanizates was analyzed in nitrogen
by thermogravimetry. It was found that the initial degradation temperature of elastomer based on CSM rubber is lower than
of pure NBR rubber. By adding NBR to CSM rubbers, the degradation temperature of crosslinked material increased, indicating
higher thermal stability. The activation energy for the degradation are determined using the Arrhenius equation The activation
energies for the rubber blends are higher than for elastomers based on pure rubbers. It was found that the mass loss of the
blends at any temperature was between those of the pure rubbers. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used for
the glass transition temperature determination. It is estimated thermodynamic immiscibility of NBR/CSM blend based on noticed
two different glass transition temperatures, corresponding to CSM and NBR rubbers. 相似文献
108.
A set of 8 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been analysed in a traffic-limited area in Bologna downtown, both in the gas-phase and in the particulate phase (PM10), and gas-to-particle partitioning has been investigated. From Sep 2002 to May 2003, 28 high volume PM10 samplings were carried out, and in 50 % of the samplings, PM10 concentrations exceeded the limit of 50 microg/m3 established by a 1999 EU directive. A precisely defined sampling strategy was adopted to limit artifacts (8 h sampling in the same time interval) in the 28 samplings carried out in different meteorological conditions. A linear log-log correlation was found between gas-particle partitioning coefficients KBp and the subcooled liquid vapour pressures pB0LB, with rP2P = 0.82 and slope = -0.59. This empirical correlation may be used to anticipate the total (gas + particle-bound) concentration of each PAHs in this urban site, once PM10 and the particle-bound concentration is measured. Parallel samplings of PM10 and of PM2.5 allowed us to ascertain that PM2.5 represents the gross contribution to PM10 and that most of the particle-bound PAHs reside on the finest fraction of particulate matter. 相似文献
109.
Milena Chermisi 《Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications》2010,73(3):695-703
In Rm×Rn−m, endowed with coordinates X=(x,y), we consider the PDE
110.
Mirjana?Bo?i? Milena?Davidovi? Teodora?L.?Dimitrova Salvador?Miret-Artés ángel?S.?Sanz Antoine?Weis 《Journal of Russian Laser Research》2010,31(2):117-128
We study experimentally and theoretically the influence of light polarization on the interference patterns behind a diffracting
grating. Different states of polarization and configurations are considered. The experiments are analyzed in terms of electromagnetic
energy (EME) flow lines, which can be eventually identified with the paths followed by photons. This gives rise to a novel
trajectory interpretation of the Arago–Fresnel laws for polarized light, which we compare with interpretations based on the
concept of “which-way” (or “which-slit”) information. 相似文献