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51.
The growth, movement and nature of outside dislocation, which propagate from heavily phosphorus (>1015 ions/cm2) implanted (111), (100), and (110) silicon layers into unimplanted outside regions by a compressive strain induced during
1100° C wet O2 annealing, are investigated using transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction topography. Outside dislocations
are formed, mainly on (111) planes., by the glide motion of dislocation networks formed in implanted layers during early annealing.
This results in dislocations extending into the unimplanted areas to different degrees, in the order of, from the largest
to smallest, (111), (110), and (100) wafers. In (110) wafers, the [001] oriented dislocations in the implanted regions rise
to the surface at the implant and unimplant boundary. On the other hand, the [110] dislocations penetrate into the unimplanted
region. Two sets of orthogonal 〈110〉 oriented dislocations generated in (100) implanted wafers behave in the same manner as
the [001] dislocations in (110) wafers. Some sources of the compressive strain related to the generation of these dislocations
are discussed. 相似文献
52.
Shigendo Enomoto Ken-ichi Kumagai Taro Tamura Miki Hasegawa Kyoko Nakada Toshihiko Hoshi Michio Kobayashi 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2004,29(1):471-481
Fluoranthene (FA) forms a 1:1 van der Waals complex with benzene in cyclohexane. The 1H NMR spectrum of this complex shows that the FA moiety in the complex state has five kinds of hydrogen atoms and that the 1H NMR peaks assigned to the protons attached to the naphthalene skeleton are largely shifted to higher magnetic field on complex formation with benzene. These observations indicate that the complex takes the structure of CS symmetry, in which the benzene molecule mainly interacts with the electronic system localized on the naphthalene moiety of FA. The present ab initio calculations reproduce well the 1H NMR spectral shifts mentioned above and the experimentally predicted CS structure of the complex. According to the PPP calculations for the electronic absorption spectral changes on the complex formation, the FA-benzene complex is considered to take a sandwich type structure. 相似文献
53.
We generalize the concept of a 2-coloring of a graph to what we call a semi-balanced coloring by relaxing a certain discrepancy condition on the shortest-paths hypergraph of the graph. Let G be an undirected, unweighted, connected graph with n vertices and m edges. We prove that the number of different semi-balanced colorings of G is: (1) at most n+1 if G is bipartite; (2) at most m if G is non-bipartite and triangle-free; and (3) at most m+1 if G is non-bipartite. Based on the above combinatorial investigation, we design an algorithm to enumerate all semi-balanced colorings of G in O(nm2) time.Acknowledgments The authors thank Tetsuo Asano, Naoki Katoh, Kunihiko Sadakane, and Hisao Tamaki for helpful discussions and comments.Supported in part by Sweden-Japan FoundationFinal version received: November 17, 2003 相似文献
54.
Michio Jimbo Hitoshi Konno Satoru Odake Yaroslav Pugai Jun'ichi Shiraishi 《Journal of statistical physics》2001,102(3-4):883-921
The Wakimoto construction for the quantum affine algebra U $_q$ ( $(\widehat{\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{l}_2 })$ ) admits a reduction to the q-deformed parafermion algebras. We interpret the latter theory as a free field realization of the Andrews–Baxter–Forrester models in regime II. We give multi-particle form factors of some local operators on the lattice and compute their scaling limit, where the models are described by a massive field theory with $\mathbb{Z}$ $_k$ symmetric minimal scattering matrices. 相似文献
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58.
Tamotsu Hashimoto Yusuke Makino Michio Urushisaki Toshikazu Sakaguchi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2008,46(5):1629-1637
Living cationic polymerization of 2‐adamantyl vinyl ether (2‐vinyloxytricyclo[3.3.1.1]3,7decane; 2‐AdVE) was achieved with the CH3CH(OiBu)OCOCH3/ethylaluminum sesquichloride/ethyl acetate [CH3CH(OiBu)OCOCH3/Et1.5AlCl1.5/CH3COOEt] initiating system in toluene at 0 °C. The number‐average molecular weights (Mn's) of the obtained poly(2‐AdVE)s increased in direct proportion to monomer conversion and produced the polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions (MWDs) (Mw/Mn = ~1.1). When a second monomer feed was added to the almost polymerized reaction mixture, the added monomer was completely consumed and the Mn's of the polymers showed a direct increase against conversion of the added monomer. Block and statistical copolymerization of 2‐AdVE with n‐butyl vinyl ether (CH2?CH? O? CH2 CH2CH2CH3; NBVE) were possible via living process based on the same initiating system to give the corresponding copolymers with narrow MWDs. Grass transition temperature (Tg) and thermal decomposition temperature (Td) of the poly(2‐AdVE) (e.g., Mn = 22,000, Mw/Mn = 1.17) were 178 and 323 °C, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 1629–1637, 2008 相似文献
59.
Spectroscopic Properties of Amine‐substituted Analogues of Firefly Luciferin and Oxyluciferin 下载免费PDF全文
Michio Kakiuchi Soichiro Ito Minoru Yamaji Vadim R. Viviani Shojiro Maki Takashi Hirano 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2017,93(2):486-494
Spectroscopic and photophysical properties of firefly luciferin and oxyluciferin analogues with an amine substituent (NH2, NHMe and NMe2) at the C6' position were studied based on absorption and fluorescence measurements. Their π‐electronic properties were investigated by DFT and TD‐DFT calculations. These compounds showed fluorescence solvatochromism with good quantum yields. An increase in the electron‐donating strength of the substituent led to the bathochromic shift of the fluorescence maximum. The fluorescence maxima of the luciferin analogues and the corresponding oxyluciferin analogues in a solvent were well correlated with each other. Based on the obtained data, the polarity of a luciferase active site was explained. As a result, the maximum wavelength of bioluminescence for a luciferin analogue was readily predicted by measuring the photoluminescence of the luciferin analogue in place of that of the corresponding oxyluciferin analogue. 相似文献
60.
Harada T Ikeda S Hashimoto F Sakata T Ikeue K Torimoto T Matsumura M 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2010,26(22):17720-17725
A core-shell composite consisting of a palladium (Pd) nanoparticle and a hollow carbon shell (Pd@hmC) was employed as a catalyst for aerobic oxidation of various alcohols. The core-shell structure was synthesized by consecutive coatings of Pd nanoparticles with siliceous and carbon layers followed by removal of the intermediate siliceous layer. Structural characterizations using TEM and N(2) adsorption-desorption measurements revealed that Pd@hmC thus-obtained was composed of a Pd nanoparticle core of 3-6 nm in diameter and a hollow carbon shell with well-developed mesopore (ca. 2.5 nm in diameter) and micropore (ca. 0.4-0.8 nm in diameter) systems. When compared to some Pd-supported carbons, Pd@hmC showed a high level of catalytic activity for oxidation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde using atmospheric pressure of O(2) as an oxidant. The Pd@hmC composite also exhibited a high level of catalytic activity for aerobic oxidations of other primary benzylic and allylic alcohols into corresponding aldehydes. The presence of a well-developed pore system in the lateral carbon shell enabled efficient diffusion of both substrates and products to reach the central Pd nanoparticles, leading to such high catalytic activities. This core-shell structure also provided high thermal stability of Pd nanoparticles toward coalescence and/or aggregation due to the physical isolation of each Pd nanoparticle from neighboring particles by the carbon shell: this specific property of Pd@hmC resulted in possible regeneration of catalytic activity for these aerobic oxidations by a high-temperature heat treatment of the sample recovered after catalytic reactions. 相似文献