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61.
Likhar PR Zirngast M Baumgartner J Marschner C 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2004,(15):1764-1765
Depending on the conditions the reaction of tris(trimethylsilyl)methoxysilane (1) with potassium tert-butoxide either in benzene and in the presence of 18-crown-6 or in THF gives either the crown ether adduct of potassium-methoxybis(trimethylsilyl)silane (2), or 2-methoxytetrakis(trimethylsilyl)disilanyl potassium (3). 相似文献
62.
In this paper, we prove higher integrability results for the gradient of the solutions of some elliptic equations with degenerate
coercivity whose prototype is
where for example, a(x,u)=(1+|u|)−θ with θ ∈ (0,1). We study the same problem for minima of functionals closely related to the previous equation. 相似文献
63.
Anderson GS Tsujino I Miyagi K Sampson R Sieber F 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology》2003,69(2):87-95
Paediatric solid tumours exhibit steep dose-response curves to alkylating agents and are therefore considered candidates for high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell support. There is growing evidence that autologous stem cell grafts from patients with solid tumours are frequently contaminated with live tumour cells. The objective of this study was to perform, in a preclinical purging model, an initial assessment of the safety and efficacy of a two-step purging procedure that combined Merocyanine 540-mediated photodynamic therapy (MC540-PDT) with a brief exposure to the alkyl-lysophospholipid, Edelfosine. Human and murine bone marrow cells and Neuro-2a murine neuroblastoma, SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma, SK-ES-1 and U-2 OS human osteosarcoma, G-401 and SK-NEP-1 human Wilms' tumour, and A-204 human rhabdomyosarcoma cells were exposed to a fixed dose of MC540-PDT followed by a brief incubation with graded concentrations of Edelfosine. Survival was subsequently assessed by in vitro clonal assay or, in the case of CD34-positive haematopoietic stem cells, by an immunohistochemical method. Combination purging with MC540-PDT and Edelfosine depleted all tumour cells by >4 log while preserving at least 15% of murine granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM), 34% of human CFU-GM, and 31% of human CD34-positive cells. The data suggest that combination purging with MC540-PDT and Edelfosine may be useful for the ex vivo purging of autologous stem cell grafts from patients with paediatric solid tumours. 相似文献
64.
A simple colorimetric technique is implemented in a polymer microfluidic manifold. The simple chemistry aids an uncomplicated microchannel design, which is fabricated by CO(2) laser ablation. Issues such as bonding of multiple layers, alignment of micro-fabricated structures and integration of optical components are addressed. A demonstration of a stopped flow regime in the microfluidic manifold is also presented. 相似文献
65.
Zuzana Matkovičová Vladimír Štrbík Gustav Plesch Michaela Valeriánová Agáta Dujavová 《Central European Journal of Physics》2007,5(3):398-404
Superconducting Tl-based films were prepared on a LaAlO3 single crystal substrate. Spray pyrolysis of Ba, Ca and Cu nitrate solutions was used for deposition of the precursor films.
They were subsequently ex-situ thallinated in flowing oxygen (open system). While the superconducting Tl-2212 phase formed at an annealing temperature
of 880°C, thallination at 900°C led to the formation of a Tl-2223 /Tl-2212 mixture. The amount of Tl-2223 increased with prolonged
thallination, whereas the Tl-2212 phase progressively disappeared. Films prepared in such a manner were c-oriented and contained only low amounts of non-superconducting impurities. The resulting samples were characterized by XRD
and SEM and their T
C
values were determined by resistive four-point measurements. They showed critical temperatures in the range of T
ON
= 125–135 K, T
C0 = 91–93 K. Differences between the composition and properties of the obtained films and those thallinated in closed systems
under 50 kPa of oxygen are discussed in this paper. Results show that the Tl-2212 → Tl-2223 transformation proceeds at a slower
rate under flowing oxygen than in a closed system.
Presented at 5-th International Conference Solid State Surfaces and Interfaces, November 19–24, 2006, Smolenice Castle, Slovakia. 相似文献
66.
67.
Walter J. Gutjahr Stefan Katzensteiner Peter Reiter Christian Stummer Michaela Denk 《Central European Journal of Operations Research》2008,16(3):281-306
This paper presents a new model for project portfolio selection, paying specific attention to competence development. The
model seeks to maximize a weighted average of economic gains from projects and strategic gains from the increment of desirable
competencies. As a sub-problem, scheduling and staff assignment for a candidate set of selected projects must also be optimized.
We provide a nonlinear mixed-integer program formulation for the overall problem, and then propose heuristic solution techniques
composed of (1) a greedy heuristic for the scheduling and staff assignment part, and (2) two (alternative) metaheuristics
for the project selection part. The paper outlines experimental results on a real-world application provided by the E-Commerce
Competence Center Austria and, for a slightly simplified instance, presents comparisons with the exact solution computed by
CPLEX. 相似文献
68.
Michaela Wilhelm Eva Berssen Rainer Koch Henry Strasdeit 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2002,133(8):1097-1108
Summary. Lipoyl imidazolide reacts with aza-15-crown-5 (1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane) or aza-18-crown-6 (1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxa-16-azacyclooctadecane)
to afford new N-lipoylated azacrown compounds in good yields. These compounds can be transformed into 1,3-dithiols and amines by reduction
with complex hydrides of the disulfide and/or amide group of the lipoyl chain. The new pendant-arm macrocycles react as heteroditopic
ligands by forming dithiolate and disulfide complexes with the ‘soft’ metal ions Ni2+ and Pd2+, respectively, and an amine complex with the ‘hard’ Li+ ion. Semiempirical and DFT calculations on the complexation of a lithium ion give a most favourable structure in which the
azacrown and two solvent molecules are in contact with the metal but not the pendant arm.
Received January 29, 2002; accepted (revised) March 25, 2002 相似文献
69.
Walter J. Gutjahr Stefan Katzensteiner Peter Reiter Christian Stummer Michaela Denk 《European Journal of Operational Research》2010
This paper develops a multi-objective optimization model for project portfolio selection taking employee competencies and their evolution into account. The objectives can include economic gains as well as gains expressed in terms of aggregated competence increments according to pre-defined profiles. In order to determine Pareto-optimal solutions, the overall problem is decomposed into a master problem addressing the portfolio selection itself, and a slave problem dealing with a suitable assignment of personnel to the work packages of the selected projects over time. We provide an asymptotic approximation of the problem by a linearized formulation, which allows an efficient and exact solution of the slave problem. For the solution of the master problem, we compare the multi-objective metaheuristics NSGA-II and P-ACO. Experimental results both for synthetically generated test instances and for real-world test instances, based on an application case from the E-Commerce Competence Center Austria, are presented. 相似文献
70.
Susanne Schmidt Michaela Zietz Monika Schreiner Sascha Rohn Lothar W. Kroh Angelika Krumbein 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2010,24(14):2009-2022
Kale is a member of the Brassicaceae family and has a complex profile of flavonoid glycosides. Therefore, kale is a suitable matrix to discuss in a comprehensive study the different fragmentation patterns of flavonoid glycosides. The wide variety of glycosylation and acylation patterns determines the health‐promoting effects of these glycosides. The aim of this study is to investigate the naturally occurring flavonoids in kale. A total of 71 flavonoid glycosides of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were identified using a high‐performance liquid chromatography diode‐array detection/electrospray ionization multi‐stage mass spectrometry (HPLC‐DAD/ESI‐MSn) method. Of these 71 flavonol glycosides, 27 were non‐acylated, 30 were monoacylated and 14 were diacylated. Non‐acylated flavonol glycosides were present as mono‐, di‐, tri‐ and tetraglycosides. This is the first time that the occurrence of four different fragmentation patterns of non‐acylated flavonol triglycosides has been reported in one matrix simultaneously. In addition, 44 flavonol glycosides were acylated with p‐coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, hydroxyferulic or sinapic acid. While monoacylated glycosides existed as di‐, tri‐ and tetraglycosides, diacylated glycosides occurred as tetra‐ and pentaglycosides. To the best of our knowledge, 28 compounds in kale are reported here for the first time. These include three acylated isorhamnetin glycosides (isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐sinapoyl‐sophoroside‐7‐O‐D‐glucoside, isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐feruloyl‐sophoroside‐7‐O‐diglucoside and isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐disinapoyl‐triglucoside‐7‐O‐diglucoside) and seven non‐acylated isorhamnetin glycosides. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献