Electrospinning synthesis and photocatalytic property of CaFe2O4/MgFe2O4 heterostructure for degradation of tetracycline

CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ nanowires with heterostructure had been successfully synthesized by electrospinning method. The obtained samples were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV‐Vis DR) and Environment scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The novel CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ nanowires exhibit an enhanced photocatalytic activity for degrading of tetracycline (TC) under visible light. Compared with bare CaFe₂O₄ or MgFe₂O₄ samples, the prepared CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ (Ca:Mg:Fe = 3:2:10) composited nanowires show the best photocatalytic performance with a degradation efficiency of 40% after 150 min reaction time. This enhancement is attributed to the heterostructure of CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ nanowires, which effectively repress the recombination of photo‐generated electrons and holes. Based on heterostructure and energy band positions, the enhancement of mechanism under visible‐light enhances the photocatalytic activity.     

Calcite Microneedle Arrays Produced by Inorganic Ion‐Assisted Anisotropic Dissolution of Bulk Calcite Crystal

Besides studies on the mineralization process, research on the demineralization of minerals provides another way to understand the crystallization mechanism of biominerals and fabricate crystals with complicated morphologies. The formation of ordered arrays of c‐axis‐oriented calcite microneedles with a tri‐symmetric structure and lengths of more than 20 μm was realized on a large scale for the first time through anisotropic dissolution of calcite substrates in undersaturated aqueous solution in the presence of ammonium salts. The lengths and the aspect ratios of the calcite microneedles can be tuned by simply changing the concentrations of the ammonium salts and the dissolution time. The shape of the transverse cross sections of the calcite microneedles obtained in the presence of NH₄Cl and NH₄Ac is almost regularly triangular. The tri‐symmetric transverse cross‐section geometry of the calcite microneedles could be attributed to the tri‐symmetric feature of rhombohedral calcite atomic structures, the synergetic interactions between electrostatic interaction of ammonium ions and dangling surface carbonate groups, and the ion incorporation of halide ions.     

甲基绿褪色光度法测定琥乙红霉素

在pH 7.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,琥乙红霉素和甲基绿在50℃下可以反应形成稳定的离子缔合物。冷却至室温后以水做参比测定体系的吸收光谱,发现琥乙红霉素溶液在550~670 nm几乎无吸收,甲基绿在此区域有强烈的吸收,甲基绿与琥乙红霉素生成的离子缔合物的吸光度与甲基绿相比有明显降低,最大褪色波长在634 nm附近,且吸光度变化ΔA与琥乙红霉素的浓度成正比。琥乙红霉素的质量浓度在0.0009~0.1530 mg/mL范围内服从Beer定律,线性回归方程为:A=-3.037ρ+0.0355,r=0.9995;对10.00 mL 5.0×10-3mg/mL琥乙红霉素测定6次,RSD=0.6%,在634 nm测得ε=6.19×104L·mol-1·cm-1。研究了琥乙红霉素-甲基绿反应体系的光谱特性、反应的影响因素、共存物质的影响,做了反应的条件优化实验,对所建立的方法进行了一些初步的分析应用。在实验基础上,建立了测定琥乙红霉素的褪色分光光度法,检出限为0.21μg/mL,可用于琥乙红霉素片中琥乙红霉素含量的测定。     

单茂钪催化非共轭双烯环化聚合及与乙烯共聚合的研究

以(C5Me4SiMe3)Sc(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)2和[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]组成的单茂钪催化体系催化非共轭双烯均聚合及与乙烯共聚合,考察了聚合条件及非共轭双烯结构对聚合活性、产物分子量和微结构的影响.单茂钪催化体系中,单体浓度、聚合温度、聚合溶剂以及烷基铝试剂对1,5-己二烯的聚合活性和选择性以及聚合产物的分子量和分子量分布均有较大影响.室温甲苯溶剂中,单茂钪可以催化1,5-己二烯,1,6-庚二烯,1,7-辛二烯,1,9-癸二烯四种非共轭双烯聚合获得相应的聚合物;除1,9-癸二烯聚合获得不溶的交联聚合物外,其它非共轭双烯聚合均获得可溶的环烯烃聚合物.1,5-己二烯聚合形成亚甲基-1,3-环戊基(MCPN)五元环和四元环开环形成的3-乙烯基四亚甲基(VTM)结构单元.1,6-庚二烯聚合完全环化形成亚甲基-1,3-环己基(MCHX)六元环和乙烯基-1,2-环戊基(ECPN)五元环结构单元,1,7-辛二烯聚合形成亚甲基-1,3-环庚基(MCHP)七元环结构单元和未环化的悬挂己烯(HEB)结构单元.室温1.01×105Pa乙烯压力下,单茂钪催化体系还可以快速催化非共轭双烯1,5-己二烯,1,6-庚二烯,1,7-辛二烯,1,9-癸二烯与乙烯共聚合,获得含有环状结构单元、悬挂双键结构单元和聚乙烯嵌段的无规共聚物.在单茂钪催化非共轭双烯均聚合及与乙烯共聚合中,非共轭双烯的链长直接影响了其聚合活性和选择性.     

单茂钪催化剂（C5H5）Sc（CH2C6H4NMe2-o）2合成高顺式窄分布聚丁二烯

合成了6种单茂稀土催化剂Cp’LnR2(THF)n(其中,Cp’=C5H5,C5Me4SiMe3;R=CH2C6H4NMe2-o,CH2SiMe3;Ln=Sc,Y,Lu;n=0或1),并以[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]为助催化剂,甲苯为溶剂,考察催化剂结构对丁二烯聚合活性,立体选择性,催化剂利用率以及聚合物分子量和分子量分布的影响.通过1H-NMR,13C-NMR,FTIR,GPC以及DSC对聚丁二烯进行表征,结果表明,当Cp’=C5H5,R=CH2C6H4NMe2-o,Ln=Sc,n=0时,催化剂(C5H5)Sc(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)2对丁二烯聚合活性最高,可达9600 kg-polymer/mol-Sc·h,催化剂利用率为45%,聚丁二烯顺-1,4结构含量在96%~98%之间,分子量分布窄,指数在1.3左右;以甲苯或氯苯作为聚合溶剂时,聚合活性最高,聚丁二烯分子量保持窄分布,在所有溶剂中聚丁二烯顺-1,4结构含量均达到96%以上;催化剂聚合活性随温度下降而降低,而聚合物分子量分布有变窄的趋势,温度对聚丁二烯立体选择性无明显影响;当[Bd]/[Sc]摩尔比从500增加到3000时,聚合反应1 min转化率均达到100%,聚丁二烯分子量呈可控线性增大,最高达44.6×104,且均保持聚合物窄分布.DSC谱图表明聚丁二烯Tg为-107℃,当升降温速率为10 K/min时,在-63℃和-8℃附近呈现出明显的冷结晶峰和熔融峰.     

Pullulan Encapsulation of Labile Biomolecules to Give Stable Bioassay Tablets

A simple and inexpensive method is reported for the long‐term stabilization of enzymes and other unstable reagents in premeasured quantities in water‐soluble tablets (cast, not compressed) made with pullulan, a nonionic polysaccharide that forms an oxygen impermeable solid upon drying. The pullulan tablets dissolve in aqueous solutions in seconds, thereby facilitating the easy execution of bioassays at remote sites with no need for special reagent handling and liquid pipetting. This approach is modular in nature, thus allowing the creation of individual tablets for enzymes and their substrates. Proof‐of‐principle demonstrations include a Taq polymerase tablet for DNA amplification through PCR and a pesticide assay kit consisting of separate tablets for acetylcholinesterase and its chromogenic substrate, indoxyl acetate, both of which are highly unstable. The encapsulated reagents remain stable at room temperature for months, thus enabling the room‐temperature shipping and storage of bioassay components.     

Neo‐Fused Hexaphyrin: A Molecular Puzzle Containing an N‐Linked Pentaphyrin

The first neo‐confused hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.0) was synthesized by oxidative ring closure of a hexapyrrane bearing two terminal “confused” pyrroles. The new compound displays a folded conformation with a short interpyrrolic C???N distance of 3.102 Å, and thus it readily underwent ring fusion to afford a neo‐fused hexaphyrin with an unprecedented 5,5,5,7‐tetracyclic ring structure. Furthermore, coordination of Cu^II triggered a ring opening/contracting reaction to afford a Cu^II complex of an N‐linked pentaphyrin derivative. The roles of reactive N? C bonds in the porphyrinoid macrocycles were demonstrated.     

用3-巯基丙酸修饰的CdTe量子点作为荧光探针对镉离子的荧光光度测定

对水热合成CdTe量子点的方法加以改进,并合成了用3-巯基丙酸(MPA)修饰的CdTe量子点(MPA-CdTe QD′s)。该量子点具有荧光特性,激发、发射波长分别为320,558nm。试验了17种常见金属离子对此量子点荧光强度的影响,结果发现只有Cd(Ⅱ)离子对其荧光有增强作用;Hg(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Ag(Ⅰ)则对其荧光有猝灭作用,加入适量抗坏血酸和碘化钾可消除这3种金属离子的荧光猝灭作用。试验在pH 6的缓冲介质中,以20μL MPA-CdTe QD′s作为荧光探针,加入不同浓度的Cd(Ⅱ)离子并在反应6min后,体系的荧光增强程度与Cd(Ⅱ)离子浓度在5.0×10-7~3.9×10-5 mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为4.8×10-7 mol·L-1。     

PW_(11)O_(39)Co(Ⅱ)(H_2O)~(5-)的均相及异相体系可见光催化性能研究

以模型污染物罗丹明B(RhB)的光降解为探针,评估了Keggin型钴取代杂多阴离子PW11O39Co髤(H2O)5-(PW11Co)及其异相体系PW11Co/D301R的可见光催化活性,提出了光催化反应的机理,同时考察了催化剂用量、溶液酸度以及溶液中PW11Co和RhB的相互作用对RhB可见光催化降解速率的影响。实验结果表明,PW11Co均相体系及其异相体系PW11Co/D301R对RhB的可见光降解均有较高的光催化活性,但PW11Co/D301R的光催化活性更高。导致RhB降解的主要是羟基自由基。与PW11Co均相体系相比,在PW11Co/D301R异相体系中由于PW11Co与RhB的配位作用大为减弱,同时D301R对RhB具有富集作用,因而大大提高了RhB的光催化降解速率。     

Perfluorinated compounds in blood of textile workers and barbers

12 perfluorinated compounds（PFCs） in human blood from workers in a textile mill in Shandong province and several barbershops in Tianjin were analyzed in this study. It was found that perfluorooctanesulfonate（PFOS） and perfluorooctanoate（PFOA） were the most prominent PFCs, with average concentrations of 5.73 mg/L and 5.46 mg/L for textile workers, and 2.55 mg/L and 2.84 mg/L for barbers.PFOS and perfluorohexanesulfonate（PFHxS） concentrations revealed a positive correlation in blood samples（p 〈 0.01）, and concentrations among PFOS, perfluorononanoic acid（PFNA） and perfluorodecanoic acid（PFDA） also revealed positive correlations（p 〈 0.01）. The influence of gender and age on PFC concentration in blood was also investigated, and the results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the male and female samples, as well as in samples from people with different ages. Generally speaking, the textile workers