The current study provides a way of extraction for both active NSO and WSE from Nigella sativa seeds using 98% methanol. About 1?kg of ground seeds was macerated by 1:2.5 w/v (g/mL) for 72?hours. After rotary evaporation and 7 days of continuous drying and chilling at 50 and 4?°C, NSO and WSE were obtained at the same instant. Solubility tests of 24 solvents and 11 thin layer chromatographic analyses while 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay of NSO (73.66) , WSE (33.32) and NSO?+?WSE (78.22) against ascorbic acid (IC50?=?4.28?mg/mL) was performed. WSE was found to be highly soluble in water and 5% NaOH exhibiting the same Rf value of 0.95 for EtOH:DMSO (9:1) against the honey. WSE has revealed more than twofold higher anti-oxidant activity than others. Formulation of WSE with Tualang honey may provide better targeted hydrophilic drug delivery systems. 相似文献
We present measurements of the semileptonic decays B--->D0tau-nutau, B--->D*0tau-nutau, B0-->D+tau-nutau, and B0-->D*+tau-nutau, which are potentially sensitive to non-standard model amplitudes. The data sample comprises 232x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BB decays collected with the BABAR detector. From a combined fit to B- and B0 channels, we obtain the branching fractions B(B-->Dtau-nutau)=(0.86+/-0.24+/-0.11+/-0.06)% and B(B-->D*tau-nutau)=(1.62+/-0.31+/-0.10+/-0.05)% (normalized for the B0), where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and normalization-mode-related. 相似文献
High-order (three-photon or more) above-threshold dissociation (ATD) of H(2)(+) has generally not been observed using 800 nm light. We demonstrate a strong enhancement of its probability using intense 7 fs laser pulses interacting with beams of H(2)(+), HD(+), and D(2)(+) ions. The mechanism invokes a dynamic control of the dissociation pathway. These measurements are supported by theory that additionally reveals, for the first time, an unexpectedly large contribution to ATD from highly excited electronic states. 相似文献
A practical synthetic strategy to a chiral azabicycclooctanyl derivative (1), a potent DPP-4 inhibitor, starting from a commercially available nortropine is described. The stereogenic center of 1 was established employing a modified protocol of Ellman's diastereoselective addition of a benzylic nucleophile to tert-butanesulfinimine. Other key steps include Corey-Chaykovsky reaction, Meinwald rearrangement, and CDMT-promoted amide bond formation involving a sterically hindered amine 2. 相似文献
A series of experiments in a novel quench flow reactor was used to study the influence of the means of adding TEA to the catalyst, the reaction temperature and the hydrogen concentration on the kinetics and morphology of the nascent phase of the polymerisation of ethylene in heptane slurry. It was shown that regardless of the way in which the alkyl was added, an extremely rapid reaction rate was observed for the first few fractions of a second, but that precontacting the catalyst and the TEA cocatalyst led to a slightly higher initial rate. On the other hand, the nascent morphology of the particle/support complex was strongly influenced by the means of adding the alkyl, with precontacting of the two components leading to a better defined product. The influence of the temperature was found to be less significant; however, this was attributed to the particular catalyst.
X-ray harmonic radiation extending to 3.3 Å, 3.8 keV from Petawatt class laser-solid interactions is presented. The harmonic spectra display a relativistic limit scaling up to ~3000th order, above which an intensity dependent scaling roll-over is observed. Highly directional beamed emission for harmonic photon energy hν > 1 keV is found to be into a cone angle < 4°, significantly less than that of the incident laser cone (20°). 相似文献
The tendency of polysaccharides to associate in aqueous solution has long been recognised. Molecular associations can profoundly
affect their performance in a given application due to its influence on the molecular weight, shape and size. This will ultimately
determine how the molecules will interact with each other, with other molecules and with water. There are several factors,
such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic association, ion mediated association, electrostatic interaction, concentration dependence
and the presence of proteinaceous components, which affect this behaviour. Our objective is to highlight the role of the proteinaceous
component, present in acacia gum, to promote associations when the gum is subjected to various processing treatments such
as maturation, spray drying and irradiation. The results demonstrate the ability of the proteinaceous component to promote
hydrophobic associations which influence the size and proportion of the arabinogalactan high molecular weight component (AGP).
Heat treatment in solid state (maturation) increases the hydrophobic character of the gum and hence its emulsification performance.
Spray drying also involves aggregation through hydrophobic association but changes the surface properties of peptide moieties
to become more hydrophilic compared to the association promoted by the maturation treatment in the solid state. Irradiation
induced cross-linking, in the presence of unsaturated gas, was used to introduce C–C bonds into the carbohydrate moiety and
thus confirms the hydrophobic association prompted by the heat used in the maturation and spray drying. This association can
be reversed by treatments, such as filtration or high pressure homogenisation. The results reported here reconcile the contradiction
about structure of gum arabic proposed by the wattle-blossom and twisted hairy rope models and shows that the AGP fraction
is basically an aggregated fraction made up of AG units stabilized by low molecular weight highly proteinaceous components.