多光束共振光压作用下钠原子束的偏转

本文报道了多光束共振光压作用下钠原子束偏转的实验研究结果。文中提出了用多光束与原子束相互作用以增大原子束的偏转量,并可大大降低对激光功率的要求。用一台染料激光器照射钠原子束得到1×10^-2rad的偏转角,偏转距离约7.2mm,并用激光诱导原子束荧光的方法检测原子束的偏转。     

裂缝的张开位移和应变的关系

本文采用Kármán-钱处理亚音速流动方法的精神。处理了弹塑性断裂力学问题.通过建立的“双弹性”模型,从理论上得到了裂缝端部的张开位移和应变的方程组.实例计算结果表明,理论值全部落在实验结果的分散带内.文中并从理论上解释了实验结果与材料的性质及实验条件的关系.本文的结果不仅为宽板实验所证实,也被文献[2]的实验所证实.同时也表明。公式(37)用于工程,能够分析压力容器上应变裂缝的容许极限.     

低温等离子体转化NO/O2/N2气氛中NO的实验研究

通过建立低温等离子体实验系统, 研究了介质阻挡放电型低温等离子体反应器作用于NO/O2/N2混合气体系时, NO, O2初始浓度对NO的转化效率的影响以及NOx, O3浓度随能量密度的变化关系. 低温等离子体作用于NO/O2/N2混合气体系时, NO同时发生氧化还原反应, 氧化反应占主导地位, 大部分NO转化为NO2; NO转化率随O2, NO初始浓度增大而降低, 能量密度在450～600 J/L时转化率较高; 产生的O3浓度随能量密度的增大呈先增后减的趋势.     

Astrophysical S-factors from asymptotic normalization coefficients

S-factors for direct capture reactions can be found at astrophysical energies from asymptotic normalization coefficients which provide the normalization of the tail of the overlap function. For example the overlap for ⁸B → ⁷Be+p defines the S-factor for ⁷Be (p, γ)⁸B. Peripheral transfer reactions offer a technique to determine these asymptotic normalization coefficients. As a test of the technique, the ¹⁶O(³He, d)¹⁷F reaction has been used to determine asymptotic normalization coefficients for transitions to the ground and first excited states of ¹⁷F. The S-factors for ¹⁶O(p, γ)¹⁷F calculated from these ¹⁷F → ¹⁶O+p asymptotic normalization coefficients are found to be in very good agreement with recent measurements. Following the same technique, the ¹⁰B(⁷Be, ⁸B)⁹Be and ¹⁴N(⁷Be, ⁸B)¹³C reactions have been used to measure the asymptotic normalization coefficient for ⁷Be(p, γ)⁸B. This result provides an indirect determination of S ₁₇(0).     

Application of palladium-catalyzed allylic arylation to the synthesis of a (+/-)-7-deoxypancratistatin analogue

Palladium-catalyzed coupling of an aryl siloxane and an allylic carbonate proceeded in good yield to give an adduct that was converted to an analogue of (+/-)-7-deoxypancratistatin.     

The effect of topical anesthesia on vocal fold motion

The objective of this study was to determine if topical anesthesia to the larynx and pharynx affects vocal fold motion during dynamic voice evaluation with transnasal flexible endoscopy. Transnasal dynamic laryngeal examinations of 10 patients with no voice complaints were evaluated by five blinded fellowship-trained laryngologists. Each patient was examined before and after application of topical anesthetic. Reviewers rated briskness of right and left vocal fold movement and longitudinal tension on a visual analogue scale. Statistical comparisons were made between individual subject scores before and after anesthetic application. Inter-rater reliability was also assessed. No statistical difference was observed between subject scores before and after anesthetic application. Average intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.643 and 0.591 for pre- and postanesthesia scores, respectively. Application of topical anesthesia to the larynx and pharynx does not affect vocal fold motion.     

等离子体边界层扩散时间演化的稳定性与突变 *

解析分析了外界控制下等离子体边界层扩散过程时间演化的稳定性与突变条件,并将这些条件应用于JFT-2M Tokamak,结果表明,一阶共振下粒子注入或(和)外加电场的无量纲幅值(ε₁或(和)ε₂)满足一定条件时系统处于稳定状态;二阶共振下当ε₁或(和)ε₂等于某值时系统会发生突变,从低约束态跃迁至高约束态.     

Determining a 'safe' high-mass limit in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectra of coal derived materials with reference to instrument noise

Three methods for determining a 'safe' estimate for high-mass limits of MALDI spectra of coal derived liquids were explored, using a sample of coal-tar pitch and its pyridine-insoluble fraction. Co-addition of increasing numbers of single-shot spectra (10, 30, 50 and 100 pulses) showed visually observable reductions in noise levels, consistent with robust and statistically meaningful signals. Three separate types of post-acquisition calculation were used to identify high-mass limits of the spectra. (i) A literature method indicated high-mass limits similar to those observed visually-as a shift from baseline at the highest masses, nearly 350 000 u for the coal tar pitch and about 390 000 u for its pyridine insoluble fraction. (ii) Comparing instrument signal with pre-selected multiples of the standard deviation, upper mass estimates of between 40-60 000 u for the coal-tar pitch and about 95 000 u for its pyridine-insoluble fraction were found. (iii) Calculation of the slope was used to identify 'lift-off' of the spectrum from baseline. The angle between the smoothed spectrum and the baseline was matched to a pre-selected value (e.g. 0.5 degrees and 1 degrees ). However, the arbitrary specification of the key parameter did not establish this last method on a firm basis. The choice of a criterion for estimating high-mass limits of MALDI spectra remains a semi-quantitative procedure; a reasonably conservative high-mass limit may be estimated by comparison of signal with five times the standard deviation. However, evaluation of size exclusion chromatograms of the present samples using polystyrene standards suggests that molecular mass distributions of pitch samples arrived at by MALDI mass spectrometry are, at least partly, determined by the limitations of available instruments. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

用于边缘检测的Laplace——样条(▽2S)算子

根据数据平滑理论,提出了一种图象边缘检测的方法:把二维四阶B样条函数与Laplacian算子相结合组合成▽²S算子,对图象卷积之后,根据过零点(ZeroCrossing)确定图象边缘。文中证明了它在图象平滑和边缘检测效果上,优于Marr和Hildreth提出的▽²G算子,且计算量较小。而▽²G算子可用高阶▽²S算子近似。文中给出了一些实验结果。     

非线性回旋动力方程

非线性回旋动力方程是处理等离子体中非线性电磁现象及相关输运现象的有力工具.在任意磁场位形、任意频率下,建立了一套适于描述非线性电磁现象、保留有限Larmor半径(FLR)效应的、自洽的非线性回旋动力的Vlasov-Maxwell方程.