1,3,4-Oxadiazole-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents: Recent developments,mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships

Chemotherapy is an important therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer. Currently, many anticancer drugs are available in the market that plays an important role in cancer treatment, but concerns such as, drug resistance and side effects create an urgent need for the development of new anti-tumor drugs with high potency and less side effects. Heterocycles are of great interest due to their fascinating anticancer activity. Among them, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles showed attracting anti-tumor activity and its derivatives are under clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. Hybridization of 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety with other heterocyclic pharmacophoresis a promising approach to overcome various disadvantages of current anticancer drugs such as drug resistance, toxicity, and other side effects. Thus, 1,3,4-oxadiazole-heterocycle hybrids occupy a significant position in the discovery of anti-tumor drugs. Among the reported oxadiazole-based hybrids reviewed here, compounds 45i, 59j, and 62x showed the highest anticancer activity with IC₅₀ values in the nanomolar range. This review summarizes the recent developments in the anticancer potential, structure–activity relationships, and mechanisms of actions of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-heterocycle hybrids.     

Convex Sobolev Inequalities Derived from Entropy Dissipation

We study families of convex Sobolev inequalities, which arise as entropy–dissipation relations for certain linear Fokker–Planck equations. Extending the ideas recently developed by the first two authors, a refinement of the Bakry–émery method is established, which allows us to prove non-trivial inequalities even in situations where the classical Bakry–émery criterion fails. The main application of our theory concerns the linearized fast diffusion equation in dimensions d ≧ 1, which admits a Poincaré, but no logarithmic Sobolev inequality. We calculate bounds on the constants in the interpolating convex Sobolev inequalities, and prove that these bounds are sharp on a specified range. In dimension d = 1, our estimates improve the corresponding results that can be obtained by the measure-theoretic techniques of Barthe and Roberto. As a by-product, we give a short and elementary alternative proof of the sharp spectral gap inequality first obtained by Denzler and McCann. In further applications of our method, we prove convex Sobolev inequalities for a mean field model for the redistribution of wealth in a simple market economy, and the Lasota model for blood cell production.     

In vitro chemoenzymatic and in vivo biocatalytic syntheses of new beauvericin analogues

New beauvericins have been synthesized using the nonribosomal peptide synthetase BbBEAS from the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Chemical diversity was generated by in vitro chemoenzymatic and in vivo whole cell biocatalytic syntheses using either a B. bassiana mutant or an E. coli strain expressing the bbBeas gene.     

A multidimensional nonlinear sixth-order quantum diffusion equation

This paper is concerned with the analysis of a sixth-order nonlinear parabolic equation whose solutions describe the evolution of the particle density in a quantum fluid. We prove the global-in-time existence of weak nonnegative solutions in two and three space dimensions under periodic boundary conditions. Moreover, we show that these solutions are smooth and classical whenever the particle density is strictly positive, and we prove the long-time convergence to the spatial homogeneous equilibrium at a universal exponential rate. Our analysis strongly uses the Lyapunov property of the entropy functional.     

Silber(I)-catena-Polysilicat Kristallzüchtung und Strukturanalyse

On Silver(I)-catena-Polysilicate, Crystal Growth, and Structure Determination Ag₂SiO₃ has been synthesized as powder and single crystals from the binary components applying hydrothermal conditions. According to the results of an X-ray crystal structure analysis (P2₁2₁2₁; a = 452.7(1), b = 710.8(1), c = 995.9(1) pm; Z = 4; 1387 reflexions, 57 refined parameters; R = 0.060) the title compound contains a ‘zweier single chain’ catena-polysilicate anion. The UV/VIS absorption spectrum shows an absorption edge at 19700 cm^?1.     

Zur Kenntnis des Verhaltens der Oxidsulfate der Seltenen Erden gegen Chlorwasserstoff. I. Umsetzung der Oxidsulfate einiger Seltener Erdmetalle mit Chlorwasserstoff

Reactions of the oxide sulphates M₂^IIIO₂SO₄ of La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb and Y with hydrogen chloride between 450 and 600°C are described. The temperature dependence of reaction course is comparable with that of rare earth's oxides reactions with hydrogen chloride.     

Rankin-Selberg method for real analytic cusp forms of arbitrary real weight

Supported by a grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)