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151.
Moriwaki H Watanabe A Arakawa R Tsujimoto Y Shimizu M Noda T Warashina M Tanaka M 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2002,37(11):1152-1157
We describe a novel method for the determination of three kinds of dimethylbenzylmercapturic acids (DMM) and six kinds of dimethylhippuric acids (DMH), found in urine as metabolites of trimethylbenzenes, based on liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. A solid-phase extraction procedure was used for the extractions of DMM and DMH from a urine sample, and the separation was performed on a reversed-phase C(30) column. The analytes were ionized by electrospray in the positive-ion mode. Operating in the multiple reaction monitoring mode, the linearity of the relative mass spectrometric responses to the internal standard versus analyte concentrations were established in the range 0.1-100 ng ml(-1). The extraction procedure was rapid and the relative standard deviations were below 5%. The detection limits of DMM and DMH in the urine by the proposed method were in the ranges 0.26-0.41 and 0.42-2.0 ng l(-1), respectively. Furthermore, DMM and DMH were detected in a urine sample from an individual who did not suffer from occupational exposure to trimethylbenzenes, by using this method. 相似文献
152.
Shizuo Tokito Hiromitsu Tanaka Koji Noda Akane Okada Yasunori Taga 《Macromolecular Symposia》1998,125(1):181-188
Novel hole and electron transporting materials have been synthesized to improve the thermal stability of organic electroluminescent (EL) devices. Molecular structures of such hole and electron transporting materials were designed based on triphenylamine (TPA) and oxadiazole (OXD) moieties, respectively. It has been found that the resulting materials have high glass transition temperatures (Tg) over 100°C and the vacuum-deposited thin films are significantly thermally stable. For the two-layer EL devices using the novel hole transporting materials and the typical emitting material, tris(8-quinolinolato) aluminum, the thermal stability has been clearly seen to depend on the Tg of the hole transporting material; excellent thermal stability was achieved. For the three-layer EL device using the novel electron transporting material, good emission efficiency and good stability were achieved. The electron transporting materials have been also applied to the polymeric system with polyvinylcarbazole matrix. 相似文献
153.
An efficient enantiospecific synthesis of the (R)‐ and (S)‐enantiomers of flavanone and 2‐methylchromanone is described. The key steps are a C,C‐bond formation by ring opening of a chiral epoxide with a dithiane anion, followed by a Mitsunobu cyclization. The products obtained have high enantiomeric purity. 相似文献
154.
The effects of protonation on the excited states oftrans-3-styrylpyridine (StP) andtrans-4,4′-dipyridylethylene (DPE) have been studied through measurements of the time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), ultraviolet absorption, and fluorescence spectra in methanol-water mixtures at 77 K. The assignment of the transient EPR signals was carried out with the aid of the stretched poly(vinyl alcohol) films method. From the analysis of these spectra it is concluded that the single protonation appears to have little effect on the zero-field splitting parameters and the anisotropy in the sublevel populating rates of the lowest excited triplet (T1) states of StP and DPE. However, the decay rate constants of the fluorescent states decrease and fluorescence quantum yields increase on single protonation. These experimental results suggest that the single protonation causes a decrease in the intersystem crossing (ISC) rates for the three T1 sublevels. These results are explained in terms of the vibronic mixing between the1nπ* and1ππ* states in the lowest excited singlet state. The assignment of StP to the specified conformer was carried out through the analysis of the anisotropic ISC processes. 相似文献
155.
Summary The paper deals with numerical solutions of singular integral equations in stress concentration problems for longitudinal
shear loading. The body force method is used to formulate the problem as a system of singular integral equations with Cauchy-type
singularities, where unknown functions are densities of body forces distributed in the longitudinal direction of an infinite
body. First, four kinds of fundamental density functions are introduced to satisfy completely the boundary conditions for
an elliptical boundary in the range 0≤φ
k
≤2π. To explain the idea of the fundamental densities, four kinds of equivalent auxiliary body force densities are defined
in the range 0≤φ
k
≤π/2, and necessary conditions that the densities must satisfy are described. Then, four kinds of fundamental density functions
are explained as sample functions to satisfy the necessary conditions. Next, the unknown functions of the body force densities
are approximated by a linear combination of the fundamental density functions and weight functions, which are unknown. Calculations
are carried out for several arrangements of elliptical holes. It is found that the present method yields rapidly converging
numerical results. The body force densities and stress distributions along the boundaries are shown in figures to demonstrate
the accuracy of the present solutions.
Received 26 May 1998; accepted for publication 27 November 1998 相似文献
156.
Benlian Wang Sukekuni Mukataka Etsuo Kokufuta Masayo Ogiso Makoto Kodama 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2000,38(1):214-221
The crosslinking processes of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by γ‐ray irradiation were studied by viscometry, dynamic and static light scattering (DLS and SLS), as well as size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Increases in the intrinsic viscosity ([η]), molecular weight (Mw), hydrodynamic radius (Rh), and radius of gyration (Rg), and a decrease in second virial coefficient (A2) were observed after γ‐ray irradiation. However, both the values of [η] and A2 for irradiated PVA fell below the data of unirradiated PVA solutions, suggesting a conformational change of PVA chains after γ‐ray irradiation. This structural change of PVA as a result of γ‐ray irradiation was also indicated by the decreases in Rg/Rh from 1.5 to 1.39 by SLS and DLS, and in Mark–Houwink exponent αη from 0.54 to 0.26 by SEC‐Viscometry. The broadening of the Mw distribution (MWD) as indicated by the polydispersity index increased from 2.2 to 6.5 because of γ‐ray irradiation. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 214–221, 2000 相似文献
157.
Well-defined block and graft copolymers of different types with different compositions and molecular weights, such as styrene(S)-2-vinylpyridine(P) diblock copolymers, SP star-shaped block copolymers, PSP triblock copolymers, styrene(S)-isoprene(I) multiblock copolymers of the (SI)n type, ISP triblock copolymers, SPP graft copolymers and their deuterated samples were prepared. Variations of the morphologies with compositions, molecular weight dependences of the lamellar domain sizes and conformations and distributions of block chains in the lamellar domains were studied in the strong segregation limit. Besides typical morphologies such as spherical, cylindrical and lamellar structures, ordered bi- and tri-continuous structures were found between cylindrical and lamellar structures for SP diblock copolymers, PSP and ISP triblock copolymers, respectively. The composition ranges of morphologies are different for the block and graft copolymers of different types. The molecular weight dependences of lamellar domain sizes are about the same, but their magnitudes are not always the same for the block and graft copolymers of different types. These results are well explained by the theories of Helfand-Wasserman and Semenov. Block chains in lamellae are extended along the direction perpendicular to lamellae, but they are contracted along the parallel direction. The former result is well explained by the theories, but the latter is not. Chains adjacent to the junction points between different block chains are localized near the domain interface, but chains at the free-ends of block chains are widely distributed in the domain with the maximum at the center of domain. 相似文献
158.
Tetsumi Tanabe Evgeni B. Starikov Koji Noda Manabu Saito 《Chemical physics letters》2006,430(4-6):380-385
Electron-cation collisions have been studied for various protonated deoxyoligonucleotide monocations, using an electrostatic storage ring equipped with a merged-electron-beam device. Resonant neutral-particle emissions have been observed at a collision energy of about 4.5 eV for some of them. The resonance parameters depend on DNA base composition and sequence, and the resonances occur only in oligonucleotide monocations with base stacking. The resonance widths increase with oligonucleotide length, but saturate at trimers. Quantum-chemical estimations performed here help explain these results. 相似文献
159.
Jung Seop Lim Isao Noda Seung Soon Im 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2006,44(19):2852-2863
Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) (PHB‐HHx) and methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) blends were prepared using melt blending. The single glass transition temperature, Tg, between the Tgs of the two components and the negative χ value indicated that PHB‐HHx and MPEG formed miscible blends over the range of compositions studied. The Gordon–Taylor equation proved that there was an interaction between PHB‐HHx and MPEG in their blends. FTIR supported the presence of hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group of MPEG and the carbonyl group of PHB‐HHx. The spherulitic morphology and isothermal crystallization behavior of the miscible PHB‐HHx/MPEG blends were investigated at two crystallization temperatures (70 and 40 °C). At 70 °C, melting MPEG acted as a noncrystalline diluent that reduced the crystallization rate of the blends, while insoluble MPEG particles acted as a nucleating agent at 40 °C, enhancing the crystallization rate of the blends. However, no interspherulitic phase separation was observed at the two crystallization temperatures. The constant value of the Avrami exponent demonstrated that MPEG did not affect the three‐dimensional spherulitic growth mechanism of PHB‐HHx crystals in the blends, although the MPEG phase, such as the melting state or insoluble state, influenced the crystallization rate of the blends. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 2852–2863, 2006 相似文献
160.