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71.
A microanalytical method for the measurement of selenium in waters and biological materials by a flameless atomic-absorption technique has been developed. The ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate-methyl isobutyl ketone extraction system is used for separation from interfering materials such as large amounts of alkali and alkaline earth metal salts and mineral acids. The atomic-absorption sensitivity for selenium is found to be enhanced to a large extent by co-extraction of some transition metal ions. Copper(II) has been used successfully as such an additive to diminish the volatility of selenium in the graphite furnace during the ashing step of the atomization cycle. When the aqueous phase/organic solvent volume ratio is 5 and the volume injected into the graphite furnace is 20 mul, the sensitivity for selenium is 0.3 ng/ml for 1% absorption. The relative standard deviation is ca. 2%. Interference by other metal ions is prevented by masking with EDTA. The method has been applied satisfactorily for the determination of minute amounts of selenium in waters and various biological materials. 相似文献
72.
D. J. Assinder M. Yamamoto C. K. Kim R. Seki Y. Takaku Y. Yamauchi S. Igarashi K. Komura K. Ueno 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1993,170(2):333-346
A survey has been carried out of40K,60Co,99Tc,106Ru,125Sb,129I,134Cs,137Cs,154Eu,226Ra,228Ra,237Np,238Pu,239,240Pu,241Pu,241Am,242Cm, and243,244Cm activities in sediments from the Irish Sea. Several of these radionuclides were measured independently at two separate laboratories to enable the intercomparison of the results produced. The comprehensive data set generated allows the present spatial distributions of these radionuclides in coastal sediments to be examined in relation to sediment textural characteristics and by comparison with earlier survey, enables the temporal trends in their activities to be determined. In general all artificial radionuclides showed lower activities in sediments in response to falling discharges from Sellafield and relationships with either grain size, distance from Sellafield or both. Isotope ratios were similar to cumulative weighted activity ratios rather than present day values due to sediment mixing. Pu levels supplied evidence for the lag in response of sediment deposits with increasing distance from Sellafield due to sediment transport. 相似文献
73.
M. Sakanoue M. Yamamoto K. Komura 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1987,115(1):71-82
Low-energy photon spectrometry with -spectrometry was used to determine the environmental concentrations of low-level actinides and other nuclides, especially210Pb and210Po. The isotopic ratio of240Pu/239Pu was successfully determined by measuring Lx-ray/-ray counting ratio. A reliable method has been developed for the determination of extremely low-level237Np global fallout in environmental samples. The non-destructive determination by Ge-LEPS for natural210Pb in various samples (tobacco leaves, commercially available tobacco, etc.) was also carried out with the determination of210Po by -spectrometry using209Po as a yield tracer. 相似文献
74.
A new class of chiral ligand, tethered bis(8-quinolinol) (TBOxH), is developed. Its chromium complex, TBOxCrCl (3 mol %), effectively catalyzes the pinacol coupling reaction of aromatic aldehydes at room temperature with high yield (up to 94%), high diastereoselectivity (up to dl:meso = 98:2), and high enantioselectivity (up to 98%). The scope of the present method turns out not to be limited to aromatic aldehyde derivatives, as cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde undergoes pinacolization as well (44% yield, dl:meso = 93:7, 84% ee). The method provides an efficient access to enantioenriched 1,2-diols. 相似文献
75.
Keiichiro Fukumoto Masatoshi Chihiro Yuichi Shiratori Masataka Ihara Tetsuji Kametani Toshio Honda 《Tetrahedron letters》1982,23(29):2973-2976
Thermolysis of a benzocyclobutene derivative () prepared from norcamphor produced stereoselectively a tetracyclic compound (), which was converted to a lactone () having correct stereochemistry at C7, C8, C9, C11, C13, and C14 positions of (±)-klaineanone. 相似文献
76.
Ooi Y Hobara D Yamamoto M Kakiuchi T 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(24):11185-11189
In formation of binary self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) composed of 2-aminoethanethiol (AET) and 2-mercaptoethane sulfonic acid (MES) by adsorption from an ethanol solution on Au(111), the adsorption shows nearly ideal nonideality in that the surface ratio of MES to AET in the SAM is unity and does not depend on the mixing ratio of MES to AET in the bathing ethanol solution used for preparing SAMs, chi(soln)MES, over the wide range of chi(soln)MES between 0.01 and 0.95. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms that at least 80% of AET molecules adsorbed are protonated in this range of chi(soln)MES, indicating that the electrostatic interaction between positively charged AET and negatively charged MES is responsible to the observed nonideality. Correspondingly, there appears only one cathodic peak in a linear-sweep voltammogram of the reductive desorption of the SAM, having a narrow full width at half-maximum of about 20 mV. This suggests the presence of strong lateral attractive interaction between the adsorbed thiolates. 相似文献
77.
A convenient and sensitive ion chromatographic (IC) method for the analysis of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in water
samples was proposed. Using a fast reversible reaction of free EDTA and metal–EDTA complexes into Fe(III)–EDTA complex in
the presence of Fe(III) ions, sample solutions were applied to an ion-exchange column using a mobile phase (pH 2.3), which
was composed of 100 μM Fe(III) chloride and 5 mM methanesulfonic acid. The addition of Fe(III) solution (100 μL) containing
10 mM Fe(III) chloride and 0.5 M methanesulfonic acid to the sample solution (10 mL) permitted the injection of a large volume
(400 μL) of sample, which allowed for greater sensitivity. The proposed IC method gave a highly linear (r
2 > 0.999) calibration curve ranging 0.005–1.0 μM EDTA and had a limit of detection of 1.5 nM. High repeatability (RSD < 2.1%)
and recoveries (88–108%) were also obtained. With this method, total EDTA level in raw and drinking waters were analyzed successfully. 相似文献
78.
Yohei Hashimoto Masataka Moriyasu Eiko Kato Masaru Endo Naohiko Miyamoto Hiroshi Uchida 《Mikrochimica acta》1978,70(1-2):159-167
Summary A new type of detector for high-pressure liquid chromatography has been designed. This detector is equipped with a RC resonance circuit, and is similar to the capacitance detector previously reported. It is operated as a capacitance detector with nonpolar eluents; while with polar solvents, it behaves as a conductance detector. Electrolytes such as salts, acids and bases are sensitively detected. The detector was successfully used for the detection of fatty acids and alkaloids.
Zusammenfassung Ein neuartiger Detektor für die Hochdruck-Flüssigchromatographie wurde entwickelt. Dieser ist mit einem Resonanzstromkreis ausgestattet und ähnelt dem kürzlich beschriebenen Kapazitanz-Detektor. Als solcher funktioniert er mit nichtpolaren Eluenten, während er sich mit polaren Lösungsmitteln wie ein Leitfähigkeitsdetektor verhält. Salze, Säuren und Basen werden empfindlich nachgewiesen. Das Gerät wurde zum Nachweis von Fettsäuren und Alkaloiden verwendet.相似文献
79.
Masahiro Irie Senzo Sasaoka Yukio Yamamoto Koichiro Hayashi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1979,17(3):815-820
Photopolymerization of cyclohexene oxide in the presence of electron acceptors was studied in a bulk system (in liquid as well as in solid states). The polymerization was proved to proceed by a cationic mechanism in both states by the effect of inhibitors. In a liquid phase the light intensity dependence of the rate of polymerization and the molecular weight distribution showed a contribution of a free ionic polymerization. Any discontinuous phenomenon in the rate as well as in the molecular weight was not discerned between liquid(above ?36°C) and plastic crystal (between ?36 and ?81°C) phases. A quantum yield of monomer consumption as high as 8 × 103 was observed in the plastic crystal phase. Below ?81°C in the normal crystal phase the rate as well as the molecular weight was remarkably suppressed. 相似文献
80.
H Kimata K Nakajima H Suzuki T Koide S Yamamoto T Narita 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》1991,39(12):3327-3330
To study the thrombolytic effect of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) on cerebral emboli, we characterized cerebral embolization in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs). [125I]Fibrin clot particles (20-100 microns diameter) were injected twice at an interval of 90 min into the left internal carotid artery of WKYs and SHRSPs. After each injection, spontaneous embolus dissolution was monitored with a gamma-ray detector placed on the head of the embolic rats. Embolus dissolution was spontaneously generated in 15 min after the injection of fibrin clots. In WKYs, 21% and 42% of the clots were dissolved 30 and 90 min after the second embolization, respectively. On the other hand, the spontaneous embolus dissolution in SHRSPs was significantly lower than that of WKYs, indicating that the endogenous fibrinolytic ability of SHRSPs is less potent than that of normotensive rats. The intravenous administration of t-PA at doses of 75, 250 and 750 micrograms/kg caused a dose-dependent embolus dissolution in SHRSPs. Furthermore, systematically applied t-PA produced embolus dissolution without causing systemic plasminogen activation, fibrinogen breakdown or bleeding. In conclusion, the intravenous administration of t-PA produces selective embolus dissolution without systemic fibrino(geno)lysis in a cerebral embolic SHRSP. 相似文献