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排序方式: 共有208条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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183.
Jihoon W. Lee Kajan Ratnakumar Kai-Feng Hung Daiki Rokunohe Masaoki Kawasumi 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2020,96(3):478-499
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is among the most prevalent environmental factors that influence human health and disease. Even 1 h of UV irradiation extensively damages the genome. To cope with resulting deleterious DNA lesions, cells activate a multitude of DNA damage response pathways, including DNA repair. Strikingly, UV-induced DNA damage formation and repair are affected by chromatin state. When cells enter S phase with these lesions, a distinct mutation signature is created via error-prone translesion synthesis. Chronic UV exposure leads to high mutation burden in skin and consequently the development of skin cancer, the most common cancer in the United States. Intriguingly, UV-induced oxidative stress has opposing effects on carcinogenesis. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of UV-induced DNA damage responses will be useful for preventing and treating skin cancer with greater precision. Excitingly, recent studies have uncovered substantial depth of novel findings regarding the molecular and cellular consequences of UV irradiation. In this review, we will discuss updated mechanisms of UV-induced DNA damage responses including the ATR pathway, which maintains genome integrity following UV irradiation. We will also present current strategies for preventing and treating nonmelanoma skin cancer, including ATR pathway inhibition for prevention and photodynamic therapy for treatment. 相似文献
184.
Md. Harun-Ur-Rashid Hironori Iwasaki Shahanaz Parveen Shigeki Oogai Masakazu Fukuta Md. Amzad Hossain Toyoaki Anai Hirosuke Oku 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2018,186(3):613-632
In higher plants, multiple copies of the cysteine synthase gene are present for cysteine biosynthesis. Some of these genes also have the potential to produce various kinds of β-substitute alanine. In the present study, we cloned a 1275-bp cDNA for cytosolic O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase (cysteine synthase) (Cy-OASTL) from Leucaena leucocephala. The purified protein product showed a dual function of cysteine and mimosine synthesis. Kinetics studies showed pH optima of 7.5 and 8.0, while temperature optima of 40 and 35 °C, respectively, for cysteine and mimosine synthesis. The kinetic parameters such as apparent Km, kcat were determined for both cysteine and mimosine synthesis with substrates O-acetylserine (OAS) and Na2S or 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone (3H4P). From the in vitro results with the common substrate OAS, the apparent kcat for Cys production is over sixfold higher than mimosine synthesis and the apparent Km is 3.7 times lower, suggesting Cys synthesis is the favored pathway. 相似文献
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Chiyuki Awahara Daiki Oku Saki Furuta Kazuya Kobayashi Kenta Teruya Kenichi Akaji Yasunao Hattori 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(5)
In this study, the effects of side-chain configurations of D-Ile residues of a retro–inverso (RI)-type inhibitor on the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) protease containing a hydroxyethylamine dipeptide isostere were clarified. Prior to evaluation using the RI-type inhibitor, the effects of side-chain configurations of Ile residues of the substrate peptide on the HTLV-1 protease were examined to estimate the influence of side-chain configurations on enzyme activity. Based on the estimation of the influence of side-chain configurations on protease affinity, the RI-type inhibitors containing a D-allo-Ile residue in the corresponding substrate sequence, instead of a D-Ile residue, were synthesized via 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-based solid-phase peptide synthesis. Refolded recombinant HTLV-1 protease (1-116, L40I) was used for the simple and short evaluation of the inhibitory activities of the synthesized RI-type inhibitors. The results clearly indicated that mimicking the whole topology, comprising both the main- and side-chain structures of the parent inhibitor, is effective for the design of potent RI-modified protease inhibitors. 相似文献
188.
H. Kitahara T. Oku K. Suganuma 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2001,16(1):361-363
Elliptical carbon onions were produced from amorphous carbon by electron beam irradiation. Atomic structure and structural
stability of the onion were investigated by high-resolution electron microscopy, molecular mechanics calculation and molecular
orbital calculation, and a structure model of C24@ C84 was proposed at the center of the elliptical onion.
Received 30 November 2000 相似文献
189.
S. Nakajima M. Kikuchi T. Oku N. Kobayashi T. Suzuki K. Nagase K. Hiraga Y. Muto Y. Syono 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》1989,160(5-6):458-460
Superconductivity was observed in La substituted Tl2Ba2CuO6. Both Tc and unit cell dimension, a, increase with increasing La concentration, indicating that an over-doping state in Tl2Ba2CuO6, which was due to charge transfer Tl3−t-(Cu-O)p as supported from XPS measurements, was relieved by La substitution for Ba. 相似文献
190.
Masaoki Oku Kichinosuke Hirokawa 《Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena》1976,8(5):475-481
The metal 2p region spectra of the mixed valence spinels, Co3O4, Fe3O4, Mn3O4, and related compounds were studied. The satellite splittings of Co 2p for the octahedrally coordinated cobaltous ions are 6.2 eV and those for the tetrahedrally coordinated ones are about 5.3 eV. The Co 2p spectrum for Co3O4 is considered to be the sum of spectra of magnetic cobaltous ions and low-spin cobaltic ions. In the cases of Fe3O4 and Mn3O4, the oxidation states were not clearly distinguished because both the divalent and trivalent ions of iron and manganese are high-spin. 相似文献