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111.
112.
Przemysław Rybiński Grażyna Janowska Małgorzata Jóźwiak Marek Jóźwiak 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2013,113(1):43-52
The article presents the effect of attapulgite (ATT) and its synergic action with carbon or silica on the thermal properties and flammability of cross-linked styrene–butadiene rubber. It has been shown that ATT is active filler improving the thermal and mechanical properties of composites containing this aluminosilicate. The decreased flammability of vulcanizates containing ATT compared to that of unfilled vulcanizates results from good insulating properties of the ATT used. The considerable reduction in the flammability of composites containing ATT and carbon nanofiber or silica is connected, first of all, with the formation of a homogeneous boundary layer. 相似文献
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Marek Grzybowski Kamil Skonieczny Prof. Dr. Holger Butenschön Prof. Dr. Daniel T. Gryko 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2013,52(38):9900-9930
Does the dehydrogenative coupling of aromatic compounds mediated by AlCl3 at high temperatures and also by FeCl3, MoCl5, PIFA, or K3[Fe(CN)6] at room temperature proceed by the same mechanism in all cases? With the growing importance of the synthesis of aromatic compounds by double C? H activation to give various biaryl structures, this question becomes pressing. Since some of these reactions proceed only in the presence of non‐oxidizing Lewis acids and some only in the presence of certain oxidants, the authors venture the hypothesis that, depending on the electronic structure of the substrates and the nature of the “catalyst”, two different mechanisms can operate. One involves the intermediacy of a radical cation and the other the formation of a sigma complex between the acid and the substrate. The goal of this Review is to encourage further mechanistic studies hopefully leading to an in‐depth understanding of this phenomenon. 相似文献
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Subsequent treatment of N-crotoyl-(1S,2R)-bornane-10,2-sultam with EtMgCl, recrystallization of the product and saponification, afforded R-(-)-3-methylpenthanoic acid which was used for acylation of (1R,2S)-bornane-10,2-sultam. The product was converted into N-[(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoyl]-(1R,2S)-bornane-10,2-sultam by hydroxyamination with 1-chloro-1-nitrosocyclohexane, followed by reduction of the hydroxylamine grouping. Saponification of the sultam imide provided (+)-alloisoleucine. 相似文献
117.
Rafal Kowerdziej Marek Olifierczuk Bartlomiej Salski Janusz Parka 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(7):827-831
We analysed the response of a tunable liquid crystal metamaterial transducer in the terahertz frequency range. Tunability of scattering parameters is achieving by an in-plane switching (IPS) effect. The metamaterial structure is based on Ω-shape resonators. A full-wave analysis technique based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method was performed using the QuickWave 3D electromagnetic solver. Terahertz transmission properties of the metamaterial structure can be controlled by the director of the liquid crystal layer. The effective refractive index for operation frequency varies from negative to positive values. A novel approach to switching of metamaterial transducer by IPS mode is presented. 相似文献
118.
Adrian Adamski Andrzej Biadasz Krzysztof Domieracki Marek Andrzej Kojdecki Dominik Paukszta Dominika Uryzaj 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(4):456-462
Liquid-crystalline perylene-3,4,9,10-tetra-(n-hexylester) forms characteristic dendritic or flower-like structures at room temperature when it is deposited on a hydrophilic glass substrate using the zone-casting technique. It was found that such unique structures were not possible to be created simply by recrystallisation of this dye from a liquid-crystalline columnar phase. On the basis of the observations using a confocal microscope and the study of wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) as well as the analysis of the absorption and fluorescence spectra, some conclusions, concerning the molecular organisation in the dendritic structure, are drawn. Based on the research, one can assume that the dendrites are formed by columnar molecular aggregates with the column axes parallel to the substrate. Such an organisation of the molecules can be interesting from the point of view of organic electronics. 相似文献
119.
Łukasz Szczuciński Stanisław Urban Katarzyna Garbat Marek Filipowicz Jerzy Dziaduszek 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(12):1706-1729
The synthesis, mesomorphic and physical properties of 14 homologous series of laterally fluorinated 4?-alkyl-4-isothiocyanatoterphenyls were described. Influence of the number of fluorine atoms and their position in the terphenyl core on the phase transition temperatures, nematic range, dielectric and optic anisotropy as well as bulk viscosity were discussed. The compounds with the most optimal properties for formulation of nematic mixtures were selected, and mixture examples with low viscosity and medium or high birefringence were presented. 相似文献
120.
Effect of viscosity of a liquid membrane containing oleyl alcohol on the pertraction of butyric acid
Marek Blahušiak Ján Marták Fernando Miranda Štefan Schlosser José A. Teixeira 《Chemical Papers》2013,67(12):1560-1568
Solvent formulation is important in the optimization of the mass-transfer through supported liquid membranes (SLM) in pertraction and membrane extraction. Oleyl alcohol (OA) is frequently used as the solvent or diluent in the extraction of carboxylic acids. A disadvantage of OA is its relatively high viscosity of 28.32 mPa s at 25°C. This can be decreased by the application of a less viscous OA diluent, e.g. dodecane. The relationship between the ratio of the distribution coefficient of butyric acid (BA), D F, and the viscosity of OA-dodecane solvents, µ, as extraction and transport characteristics, and the overall mass-transfer coefficient, K p, through SLMs was analyzed. Dependence of the D F/µ ratio on the OA concentration showed a maximum at the OA concentration of 15 mass % to 30 mass %. The OA concentration dependence of K p for SLMs exhibited also a maximum at about 30 mass % and 20 mass % of OA at the BA concentration driving force of 0.12 kmol m?3 and 0.3 kmol m?3, respectively. Shifting of the maximum in K p dependences towards lower OA concentrations by increasing the BA concentration driving force is in agreement with the D F/µ ratio dependence. Using pure OA as the solvent or diluent is not preferable and a mixture of a low viscosity diluent with the OA concentration below 40 mass % should be used. The presented results show the potential of the D F/µ ratio in the screening and formulation of solvents in extraction and SLM optimization. 相似文献