Masking effect of potassium iodide on the interferences in the atomic-absorption spectrophotometric determination of antimony utilizing stibine generation by sodium borohydride tablet reduction

Summary The masking effect of potassium iodide with or without hydroxylamine on the interferences in the atomic-absorption spectrophotometric determination of antimony via its hydride by sodium borohydride tablet reduction has been studied. It has been well known in the conventional colorimetric method [21] that both potassium iodide and stannous chloride completely suppress the evolution of stibine. However, in this sodium borohydride tablet reduction, potassium iodide plays a role in masking the interferences of not only stannous chloride but also other numerous ions. By the procedure established here, the calibration curve was linear up to a concentration of 0.04g/ml of antimony with the coefficient of variation of 2.4 %. The method was successfully applied to the determination of antimony in a river sediment.

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Maskierende Wirkung von Kaliumiodid auf Störungen bei der AAS-Bestimmung von Antimon durch Stibinerzeugung mit Hilfe der Natriumborhydridreduktion

Zusammenfassung Es ist bekannt, daß bei der colorimetrischen Bestimmungsmethode [21] sowohl KI als auch SnCl₂ die Entwicklung von Stibin vollständig verhindern. Bei der hier beschriebenen Reduktion mit Hilfe einer NaBH₄-Tablette maskiert jedoch KI (mit oder ohne Hydroxylaminzusatz) Störungen durch SnCl₂ sowie durch zahlreiche andere Ionen. Die Eichkurve verläuft bis zu 0,04 g Sb/ml linear. Der Variationskoeffizient beträgt 2,4 %. Als Anwendungsbeispiel wird die Antimonbestimmung in Flußsedimenten erwähnt.

     

Substituent effects of iridium complexes for highly efficient red OLEDs

This study reports substituent effects of iridium complexes with 1-phenylisoquinoline ligands. The emission spectra and phosphorescence quantum yields of the complexes differ from that of tris(1-phenylisoquinolinato-C2,N)iridium(iii)(Irpiq) depending on the substituents. The maximum emission peak, quantum yield and lifetime of those complexes ranged from 598-635 nm, 0.17-0.32 and 1.07-2.34 micros, respectively. This indicates the nature of the substituents has a significant influence on the kinetics of the excited-state decay. The substituents attached to phenyl ring have an influence on a stability of the HOMO. Furthermore, those substituents have effect on the contribution to a mixing between 3pi-pi* and (3)MLCT for the lowest excited states. Some of the complexes display the larger quantum yield than Irpiq, which has the quantum yield of 0.22. The organic light emitting diode (OLED) device based on tris [1-(4-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)isoquinolinato-C2,N]iridium(iii)(Ir4F5Mpiq) yielded high external quantum efficiency of 15.5% and a power efficiency of 12.4 lm W(-1) at a luminance of 218 cd m(-2). An emission color of the device was close to an NTSC specification with CIE chromaticity characteristics of (0.66, 0.34).     

A highly efficient asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction catalyzed by cationic chiral palladium(ii) complexes

Cationic chiral palladium(ii) complexes are shown to catalyze the asymmetric coupling reaction of aryl boronates and aryl halides within a short period of time in good yield and enantioselectivity.     

Mechanism of an alcohol-trapping reaction in the direct and benzophenone-sensitized photodenitrogenation of a spiroepoxy-substituted azoalkane: solvent effects and stereochemical deuterium labeling

The spin-state-dependent reactivity, singlet versus triplet, of the 2-spiroepoxy-1,3-cyclopentane-1,3-diyl DR2 has been assessed through alcohol-trapping reactions for which the effect of solvent acidity on the product distribution of the alcohol trapping products 2 versus 3 + 4 and stereochemical deuterium-labeling studies have been performed. The proposed mechanism for the solvent effect on the product ratio (2/3 + 4) reveals the importance of the hydrogen-bonded intermediates I1 and I2 in the trapping reactions; the stereochemical deuterium-labeling results clarify the dipole structure trapped by the alcohol. The dipoles DP1 and DP2, in which the configuration between the epoxide oxygen and the deuterium atoms is retained, are inferred for the direct photodenitrogenation reactions (singlet state), whereas for the benzophenone-sensitized photoreactions (triplet state), after ISC, the ring-opened dipole DP3 is implied as the intermediate that is trapped by the alcohol.     

Highly regioselective hydrogenolysis of bis(alpha-methylbenzyl)amine derivatives affected by the trifluoromethyl substituent on the aromatic ring

[reaction: see text] The highly regioselective hydrogenolysis of bis(alpha-methylbenzyl)amine derivatives proceeded with influence not from the electronic effect but from the steric effect of the trifluoromethyl substituent on the aromatic ring to provide a practical asymmetric synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted alpha-phenylethylamines.     

Electric conductance of metal nanowires at mechanically controllable break junctions under electrochemical potential control

We have developed the mechanically controllable break junction setup with an electrochemical cell (EC-MCBJ) to measure the electric conductance of metal nanowires under electrochemical potential control. The electric conductance of Au nanowires was investigated in 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ solution using EC-MCBJ. The conductance of the Au nanowires was quantized in units of G₀ (=2e²/h), showing clear features in the conductance histogram. The atomic contact with a specific conductance value was kept for >5 s, indicating the relatively high stability of the present EC-MCBJ system.     

Rapid Separation of Hydrophobic Compounds by UPLC: in Case of Bisindolylmaleimides, Indolocarbazoles or Fullerene C60 Derivatives

Rapid separation of hydrophobic compounds such as bisindolylmaleimides, indolocarbazoles or fullerene C₆₀ derivatives by ultra performance liquid chromatography was developed. Bisindolylmaleimides and indolocarbazoles were separated within 7 and 5 min, respectively. The linear ranges for the determination of bisindolylmaleimides and indolocarbazoles were 1.25?500 pmol and 0.5?50 pmol per injection (r > 0.99), respectively. Fullerene C₆₀ derivatives were separated within 9 min, and the linear range for the determination of fullerene C₆₀ derivatives was 0.1?10 pmol per injection (r > 0.99).     

An improvement of discrete Tardos fingerprinting codes

It has been proven that the code lengths of Tardos’s collusion-secure fingerprinting codes are of theoretically minimal order with respect to the number of adversarial users (pirates). However, the code lengths can be further reduced as some preceding studies have revealed. In this article we improve a recent discrete variant of Tardos’s codes, and give a security proof of our codes under an assumption weaker than the original Marking Assumption. Our analysis shows that our codes have significantly shorter lengths than Tardos’s codes. For example, when c = 8, our code length is about 4.94% of Tardos’s code in a practical setting and about 4.62% in a certain limit case. Our code lengths for large c are asymptotically about 5.35% of Tardos’s codes. A part of this work was presented at 17th Applied Algebra, Algebraic Algorithms, and Error Correcting Codes (AAECC-17), Bangalore, India, December 16–20, 2007.