香茶菜属二萜的2D NMR研究(1)

本文采用一系列1D和2D NMR实验对冬凌草甲素(oridonin)和Lasiokaurinal的¹H(500 MHz)和¹³C(125 MHz)的NMR信号进行了完整的归属。     

基于主成分分析的湖南竞争力评价研究

介绍了主成分分析方法,提出了运用主成分评价模型必须满足的条件。并且借鉴中国科学院可持续发展研究组构建的可持续发展指标体系,运用主成分分析构建了区域竞争力的综合评价指标,将湖南的经济发展与其他地区比较,并提出相应的策略。     

辐照损伤对钨晶格热导率影响的分子动力学研究

钨是最具应用前景的面向等离子体候选材料,但核聚变堆内强烈的辐照环境会使钨的近表面区域产生辐照损伤,进而影响其关键的导热性能.本文构建了包含辐照损伤相关缺陷的晶体钨模型,并采用非平衡分子动力学的方法定量研究了这些缺陷对钨导热性能的影响.结果表明,随中子辐射能量的增加,晶体内部留下的Frenkel缺陷数目增多进而导致钨的晶格热导率降低;间隙原子比空位更易于向晶界偏聚,且钨中的间隙钨原子与空位相比,使晶格热导率下降程度更大.纳米级氦气泡导致晶格热导率的显著降低,气孔率为2.1%时晶格热导率降至完美晶体的约25%.这些不同的缺陷造成不同程度的周围晶格扭曲,增加了声子散射几率,是导致晶格热导率下降的根源.     

绝对辐射计溯源至低温辐射计实验测试

开展了绝对辐射计溯源至低温辐射计的计量技术研究。选用激光作为光源,采用光斑非全覆盖绝对辐射计接收面的辐射功率模式进行校准实验。利用溯源至低温辐射计的陷阱探测器作为标准器定标激光器功率,然后通过替代法将量值传递至绝对辐射计。通过绝对辐射计光阑面积校准,实现激光功率与绝对辐射计测量辐照度的转化。通过对陷阱探测器的校准、绝对辐射计锥腔不同位置空间响应均匀性、锥腔的波长选择性等特性的分析,对实验所用绝对辐射计校准不确定度进行了详细评估,得到的校准不确定度为0.86%(包含因子k=2)。     

A Rhodamine-Cyclen Conjugate as Chromogenic and Fluorescent Chemosensor for Copper Ion in Aqueous Media

A novel compound 1 containing rhodamine B and macrocyclic groups has been synthesized. It was found to exhibit a reversible colorimetric response, high selectivity and sensitivity for Cu(II) ion over other commonly coexistent metal ions. The colorimetric and fluorescent response to Cu(II) can be conveniently detected even by the naked eye, which provided a facile method for visual detection of Cu(II). Approximate 71 and 53-fold enhancement in the absorbance at about 557 nm and fluorescence intensity at about 580 nm were estimated when Cu(II) ion was added to the aqueous media of compound 1. The detection limit was calculated to be 2 μM.     

The effect of anisotropic surface tension on the morphological stability of planar interface during directional solidification

This paper considers the effect of the anisotropic surface tension on the morphological stability of the planar interface during directional solidification. When the expression exhibiting the four-fold symmetry is included, the modified absolute stability criterion is obtained by employing the multi-variable expansion method. The linear stability analysis reveals that for the given temperature gradient, as the anisotropic surface tension parameter increases, the stability zone tends to decrease.     

基于稳态电热拉曼技术的碳纳米管纤维导热系数测量及传热研究

利用稳态电热拉曼技术测量了碳纳米管纤维对流换热环境下的导热系数. 该方法基于材料拉曼信号与温度之间的关系, 实时探测一维材料在不同电加热(内热源)下的中心点温度, 利用对流环境下的稳态导热模型推导出材料的导热系数, 实现了一维微纳材料热物性的无损化和非接触式测量. 实验发现: 碳纳米管纤维的导热系数远低于单根碳纳米管的导热系数, 但高于碳纳米管堆积床的导热系数. 这表明碳纳米管体材料的热物性主要取决于内部管束的列阵和管束间的接触热阻.     

Quantum Damped Oscillator in Probability Representation

The probability distribution describing quantum states of the damped oscillator in the framework of the Caldirola-Kanai model is introduced. The probability distributions for coherent states and Fock states of the damped oscillator are found explicitly. The transition probability for the damped oscillator is expressed in terms of distributions describing initial and final states.     

高能闪光照相中的能谱优化

在高能闪光照相技术中,提高图像接收平面上直穿与散射的比值有利于有效信息的提取。利用蒙特卡罗方法对法国实验客体的照相过程进行模拟,得到图像接收区域直穿分量与散射分量的能谱分布,依据其分布的特点提出了利用能谱优化来提高接收区域直散比的方法,指出添加衰减屏可以达到能谱优化的效果。依据线吸收系数的变化趋势以及实际加工的难度选择钽作为优化能谱的材料,并根据最小照射量的限制得到了最大的衰减屏厚度。最后通过蒙特卡罗模拟,指出添加9 mm的衰减屏能够对照相结果的优化程度最好,照射量满足要求,而直散比上升到原来的3倍左右。     

γ-Ray-induced synthesis and electrochemical properties of a mesoporous layer-structured α-Co(OH)2 for supercapacitor applications

α-Cobalt hydroxide is synthesized through a novel radiation-induced route using a cobalt nitrate hexahydrate isopropanol solution by irradiating ⁶⁰Co γ-rays. The as-prepared product shows a layer-structured mesoporous morphology with an average size of 250 nm. Crystalline property analysis exhibits the presence α-Co(OH)₂ as a predominant phase with a tiny amount of secondary phases of β-Co(OH)₂ and CoO. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy discloses the existence of Co as Co(OH)₂ and CoO with a stoichiometric ratio of 76.7:23.3. In addition, the supercapacitive properties of the product are investigated using cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy in 1M KOH aqueous solution, showing a maximum capacitance value of 246.7 F g⁻¹ at a scan rate of 5 mV s⁻¹.