Carbon dioxide fixation by microalgal photosynthesis using actual flue gas from a power plant

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - CO2 fixation by microalgal cultures, a potential method for CO2 emissions mitigation, was studied in small (approx 2 m2) ponds using actual flue gas from...     

南极中山站宁静日午后极光事件分析

对１９９７ 年６ 月２ 日１１２７～１７００ ＵＴ,在南极中山站（不变地磁纬度为７４．５Ｓ,ＭＬＴ＝ ＵＴ＋ ２）利用全天空极光摄像机和三波段极光扫描光度计观测到的午后极光进行了分析,发现宁静日午后极光的形态随磁地方时变化．在午后早些时候,辉度较弱的冕状极光出现在中山站的极向侧和日向侧;随后出现的是来自日侧的带状极光,该结构东向传播,赤道向运动;在午后较晚的时候出现的是来自夜侧的带状极光．同时将午后极光与当地地磁观测、ＤＭＳＰ／Ｆ１１ 卫星的粒子观测以及ＷＩＮＤ卫星的ＩＭＦ观测进行了对照分析,认为宁静日午后极光中的分离结构是由来自磁层顶附近的粒子沉降产生的,其变化和运动与地磁Ｈ 分量和ＩＭＦＢｚ 分量的变化相关．     

Determination of hydration kinetics of sulfaguanidine anhydrate in aqueous solution by calorimetry

A heat conduction microcalorimeter was used to evaluate the isothermal transition in water from anhydrate to monohydrate at 298 K. Sulfaguanidine (SGN) anhydrate was used as a model compound for the measurement of hydration kinetics in water. It is the well-known that SGN is very slightly soluble in water and capable of existing as the anhydrate or monohydrate form in the solid state. The transition rates of SGN anhydrate to monohydrate in tablets and granules were investigated. The hydration kinetics of tablets with controlled surface areas, obtained by coating the side with paraffin in aqueous solution, followed an apparent zero-order mechanism. On the other hand, the transition mechanism of the granules involved a phase boundary-controlled contracting interface reaction.     

Molecular beam epitaxy of ZnSexTe1−x (0 ≲ x ≲ 1)

Single-crystalline films of ZnSe_xTe_1?x (0 ? x ? 1) have been successfully grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Evaluation of the epitaxial films shows the growth of good-crystallinity films with flat surfaces. The dependence of the composition ratio x on the molecular beam intensities of Zn, Se, and Te was studied and the following features became clear: (1) the incorporation rate of Se is much higher than that of Te; (2) the control of the composition ratio can be best achieved by maintaining the arrival rate ratio of Te/Se above unity; (3) the composition ratio depends mainly on the arrival rate ratio of Se/Zn.     

Glassy state of pharmaceuticals. IV. Studies on glassy pharmaceuticals by thermomechanical analysis

The glassy state of indomethacin was examined by thermomechanical analysis (TMA). The influences of the method of preparation and the measurement conditions of the sample on the TMA curves were investigated. The TMA curves of glassy indomethacin having hemispherical and plane surfaces were examined. Expansion was observed on the TMA curves in the region of glass transition temperature (Tg), which had been confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry. The TMA curves for the sample with the plane surface showed distinct expansion. It was further found that the glass transition shifted to lower temperatures as the heating rate was decreased and the loading increased. The TMA curves of brucine, griseofulvin and phenobarbital were similar to that of indomethacin. The relaxation process of glassy indomethacin below Tg was followed in terms of the variation of mechanical properties of samples.     

Photodynamic release of fullerenes from within carbon nanohorn

We have found that oxidized single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHox) can exhibit a near-infrared (NIR) laser-triggered accelerated release of encapsulated fullerenes (C₆₀) from within their inner nanospaces. After the NIR laser irradiation of an aqueous SWNHox encapsulating C₆₀ solution/toluene biphasic system, C₆₀ molecules are enriched in the toluene phase. NIR laser-driven SWNHs encapsulating substrates could initiate the development of a new range of drug-delivery systems.     

Fe-Al layered double hydroxides in bromate reduction: Synthesis and reactivity

This study presents a rare use of layered double hydroxides of Fe(II) and Al(III) (Fe-Al LDH), as reported for the first time for bromate removal from aqueous solutions. The Fe-Al LDH samples were prepared with Fe/Al molar ratios of 1-4 using a co-precipitation method at pH 7, with subsequent hydrothermal treatment at 120°C. The Fe-Al LDH (molar ratio of Fe/Al=1, 2) with a layered structure exhibited nearly complete removal of bromate from initial concentration of 100μmol/dm(3) at a wide pH range of 4.0-10.5 over a 2h reaction period; the residual bromate concentration in the solution was lower than the detection limit of 0.07μmol/dm(3) (9μg-BrO(3)(-)/dm(3)). During the reaction period, bromide was released into the solution via a reduction process. Reactivity of Fe-Al LDH with a Fe/Al molar ratio of 2 did not decrease the bromate reduction efficiency during 30days.     

Flow-through chemiluminescence sensor using immobilized histamine oxidase from Arthrobacter crystallopoietes KAIT-B-007 and peroxidase for selective determination of histamine.

A flow sensor with immobilized oxidases is proposed for the determination of histamine in fish meat. Chemiluminometric measurement of histamine was based on the luminol reaction with hydrogen peroxide produced by immobilized histamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.-.) and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7.) within a flow cell. Histamine oxidase was found in cells of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes KAIT-B-007 isolated from soil. The oxidase and peroxidase were coimmobilized covalently on tresylated hydrophilic vinyl polymer beads and packed into transparent PTFE; the tubing was used as the flow cell. One assay for histamine was done at intervals of 2 min without carryover. The calibration curve for histamine was linear from 0.1 microM to 50 microM. The response was reproducible within 1.25% of the relative standard deviation for 115-replicate injections of 50 microM histamine. The sensor system was applied to the determination of histamine in fish meat extracts.     

Ultrafast melting of carbon induced by intense proton beams

Laser-produced proton beams have been used to achieve ultrafast volumetric heating of carbon samples at solid density. The isochoric melting of carbon was probed by a scattering of x rays from a secondary laser-produced plasma. From the scattering signal, we have deduced the fraction of the material that was melted by the inhomogeneous heating. The results are compared to different theoretical approaches for the equation of state which suggests modifications from standard models.