薯蓣皂甙元的分光光度法测定

本文以黄姜为主要对象研究了薯蓣皂甙元的定量测定方法，以香荚兰醛－高氯酸为显色剂，冰醋酸为溶剂，使皂甙元显色，用分光光度法在波长为５３０ｎｍ处测定薯蓣皂甙元的含量。从植物中提取的皂甙元不需分离可直接测定。在１．００～２０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内呈良好的线性关系。     

叠层荧光集光太阳能光伏器件的性能模拟和优化

荧光集光太阳能光伏器件可以减少太阳能电池的用量,有效降低光伏发电的成本.相对于单层荧光 集光太阳能光伏器件,叠层荧光集光太阳能光伏器件能分波段充分利用太阳光谱,提高荧光集光太阳能光伏 器件的效率,进一步降低光伏发电的成本.但是,叠层荧光集光太阳能光伏器件涉及较多的参量,难以通过实验 优化.本文分析了从单层到叠层荧光集光太阳能光伏器件的全部物理过程,建立了数学模型,并相应编制了 计算机模拟软件.运用上述软件,系统研究了器件尺寸、太阳能电池的带隙对光电转换效率的影响.     

Refined Composite Multi-Scale Reverse Weighted Permutation Entropy and Its Applications in Ship-Radiated Noise

Ship-radiated noise is one of the important signal types under the complex ocean background, which can well reflect physical properties of ships. As one of the valid measures to characterize the complexity of ship-radiated noise, permutation entropy (PE) has the advantages of high efficiency and simple calculation. However, PE has the problems of missing amplitude information and single scale. To address the two drawbacks, refined composite multi-scale reverse weighted PE (RCMRWPE), as a novel measurement technology of describing the signal complexity, is put forward based on refined composite multi-scale processing (RCMP) and reverse weighted PE (RWPE). RCMP is an improved method of coarse-graining, which not only solves the problem of single scale, but also improves the stability of traditional coarse-graining; RWPE has been proposed more recently, and has better inter-class separability and robustness performance to noise than PE, weighted PE (WPE), and reverse PE (RPE). Additionally, a feature extraction scheme of ship-radiated noise is proposed based on RCMRWPE, furthermore, RCMRWPE is combined with discriminant analysis classifier (DAC) to form a new classification method. After that, a large number of comparative experiments of feature extraction schemes and classification methods with two artificial random signals and six ship-radiated noise are carried out, which show that the proposed feature extraction scheme has better performance in distinguishing ability and stability than the other three similar feature extraction schemes based on multi-scale PE (MPE), multi-scale WPE (MWPE), and multi-scale RPE (MRPE), and the proposed classification method also has the highest recognition rate.     

Alloyed Crystalline CdSe1-xSx Semiconductive Nanomaterials – A Solid State 113Cd NMR Study

Solid-state NMR analysis on wurtzite alloyed CdSe_1−xS_x crystalline nanoparticles and nanobelts provides evidence that the ¹¹³Cd NMR chemical shift is not affected by the varying sizes of nanoparticles, but is sensitive to the S/Se anion molar ratios. A linear correlation is observed between ¹¹³Cd NMR chemical shifts and the sulfur component for the alloyed CdSe_1−xS_x (0<x<1) system both in nanoparticles and nanobelts (δ_Cd=169.71⋅X_S+529.21). Based on this correlation, a rapid and applied approach has been developed to determine the composition of the alloyed nanoscalar materials utilizing ¹¹³Cd NMR spectroscopy. The observed results from this system confirm that one can use ¹¹³Cd NMR spectroscopy not only to determine the composition but also the phase separation of nanomaterial semiconductors without destruction of the sample structures. In addition, some observed correlations are discussed in detail.     

路易氏剂分析研究进展

简述了路易氏剂的危害，对路易氏剂的化学分析法和仪器分析法研究进展作一综述。     

双轴应变调控二维单层C2X2TM（X = O, H; TM=Fe, Cr） 的多铁性研究

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,系统地研究了过渡金属原子插层的单层氧化/氢化石墨烯的磁学性质和铁电性质.在考虑了电子在位库仑作用和自旋轨道耦合作用下,得到了过渡金属Fe、Cr插层形成的C₂X₂TM二维单层膜的稳定结构以及基态磁性结构,研究了不同应变作用下C₂X₂TM的磁性、能带、铁电极化以及电子结构的变化.结果发现,对于任何应变下的C₂X₂TM其基态磁性都为手性逆时针反铁磁结构.在无应变时体系存在一个较大的离子翻转势垒,通过外加双轴应变,可有效调控体系的势垒高度和能隙,发现25%应变下C₂O₂Cr和30%应变时C₂O₂Fe单层薄膜具有与GeS等二维铁电材料相近的铁电极化和翻转势垒,这些研究结果表明C₂O₂Fe(Cr)单层薄膜是一种新型二维多铁性材料.     

助剂对Ni/海泡石催化剂加氢性能的影响

以海泡石为载体,Ｎｉ为活性组,用浸渍法制备了一系列含不同助剂的Ｎｉ基海泡石催化剂,以ＣＯ２甲烷化及苯加氢为探针反应,研究了催化剂的活性及抗硫性能,用Ｈ２－ＴＰＤ、ＸＰＳ、活性表面积及活化能的测定等于段,对催化剂进行表征,并从热力学上探讨ＣＯ２甲烷化的适宜温度。实验结果表明,海泡石或助剂的加入,能使镍晶粒变小,增加活性镍的表面积以及使镍原子的电子云密度升高,从而提高了催化剂的活性和使用寿命。能使镍晶     

Theoretical Insight into the Origin of Large Stokes Shift and Photophysical Properties of Anilido‐Pyridine Boron Difluoride Dyes

The geometric and electronic structures and photophysical properties of anilido‐pyridine boron difluoride dyes 1 – 4 , a series of scarce 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) derivatives with large Stokes shift, are investigated by employing density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) calculations to shed light on the origin of their large Stokes shifts. To this end, a suitable functional is first determined based on functional tests and a recently proposed index—the charge‐transfer distance. It is found that PBE0 provides satisfactory overall results. An in‐depth insight into Huang–Rhys (HR) factors, Wiberg bond indices, and transition density matrices is provided to scrutinize the geometric distortions and the character of excited states pertaining to absorption and emission. The results show that the pronounced geometric distortion due to the rotation of unlocked phenyl groups and intramolecular charge transfer are responsible for the large Stokes shift of 1 and 2 , while 3 shows a relatively blue‐shifted emission wavelength due to its mild geometric distortion upon photoemission, although it has a comparable energy gap to 1 . Finally, compound 4 , which is designed to realize the rare red emission in BODIPY derivatives, shows desirable and expected properties, such as high Stokes shift (4847 cm^?1), red emission at 660 nm, and reasonable fluorescence efficiency. These properties give it great potential as an ideal emitter in organic light‐emitting diodes. The theoretical results could complement and assist in the development of BODIPY‐based dyes with both large Stokes shift and high quantum efficiency.     

珊瑚状Ni2P修饰新型四足状Cd0.9Zn0.1SZB/WZ同质结光催化剂的高效可见光光催化产氢

随着社会发展,传统化石能源消耗加剧,人类迫切需要开发新型的清洁能源.半导体光催化分解水产氢是一种非常具有潜力解决能源危机的清洁技术.目前,金属硫化物半导体有着合适的能带结构和高效的光催化产氢能力而得到了广泛的研究.通常,为了提高光催化剂产氢性能,添加贵金属助催化剂是一个行之有效的方法.但是贵金属昂贵的价格限制了其大规模...     

2,6-二乙酰吡啶类双希夫碱配合物的合成和研究 Ⅱ.Cu(Ⅱ)配合物的合成和研究

合成了五个2,6-二乙酰吡啶缩肼基硫代甲酸酯双希夫碱合铜(Ⅱ)配合物,用元素分析、磁化率、红外光谱及紫外-可见光谱等对它们进行了表征,研究了配合物的电化学性质和Cu₃L₂²X₂(X=Cl^-、SCN^-)的光电子能谱。结果表明:五个Cu(Ⅱ)配合物均为三核配合物,在Cu₃L₂²(SCN)₂中存在Cu(Ⅱ)间的自旋-交换作用。