全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1883篇 |
免费 | 69篇 |
国内免费 | 19篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1351篇 |
晶体学 | 19篇 |
力学 | 108篇 |
数学 | 205篇 |
物理学 | 288篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 25篇 |
2022年 | 82篇 |
2021年 | 88篇 |
2020年 | 61篇 |
2019年 | 93篇 |
2018年 | 85篇 |
2017年 | 63篇 |
2016年 | 108篇 |
2015年 | 71篇 |
2014年 | 104篇 |
2013年 | 182篇 |
2012年 | 129篇 |
2011年 | 121篇 |
2010年 | 96篇 |
2009年 | 77篇 |
2008年 | 91篇 |
2007年 | 67篇 |
2006年 | 55篇 |
2005年 | 36篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 29篇 |
2002年 | 31篇 |
2001年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1971条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
B. Chahkandi M. Mirzaei M. Chahkandi A. Shokrollahi F. Zarghampour M. Shamsipur 《Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society》2014,11(1):187-198
Three new organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on two important heteropolyoxometalates namely Preyssler (=K12.5H1.5[Na(H2O)P5W30O110]·35H2O) and Wells–Dawson (=K6[P2W18O62]·10H2O) anions, namely, (Hpro)9(Hleu)3K2[Na(H2O)P5W30O110]·25H2O (1), (Hpro)4(Hasp)[HP2W18O62]·20H2O (2), and (Hpro)11K3[Na(H2O)P5W30O110]·18H2O (3) where pro, leu, and asp are proline, leucine, and asparagine, respectively, were prepared and identified by elemental analysis, infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and thermogravimetric analysis. The hybrid materials are made up of positively charged amino acids, [Na(H2O)P5W30O110]14? and [P2W18O62]6? anions, and H2O molecules of crystallization. These constituents’ fragments held together into a three-dimensional supermolecular network through non-covalent interactions. The protonation constants of the amino acids used, and Preyssler and Wells–Dawson species in all possible protonated forms, the equilibrium constants for binary systems of proline–asparagine and proline–leucine, and the stoichiometry and stability constants of the corresponding binary and ternary hybrids with Preyssler and Wells–Dawson heteropolyoxometalates in aqueous solution were investigated by potentiometric pH titration method. The stoichiometries of the most hybrid species in solution were compared with the corresponding hybrids in the solid phase, in detail. 相似文献
42.
Michel E. Marhic Peter A. Andrekson Periklis Petropoulos Stojan Radic Christophe Peucheret Mahmoud Jazayerifar 《Laser \u0026amp; Photonics Reviews》2015,9(1):50-74
The prospects for using fiber optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) in optical communication systems are reviewed. Phase‐insensitive amplifiers (PIAs) and phase‐sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) are considered. Low‐penalty amplification at/or near 1 Tb/s has been achieved, for both wavelength‐ and time‐division multiplexed formats. High‐quality mid‐span spectral inversion has been demonstrated at 0.64 Tb/s, avoiding electronic dispersion compensation. All‐optical amplitude regeneration of amplitude‐modulated signals has been performed, while PSAs have been used to demonstrate phase regeneration of phase‐modulated signals. A PSA with 1.1‐dB noise figure has been demonstrated, and preliminary wavelength‐division multiplexing experiments have been performed with PSAs. 512 Gb/s have been transmitted over 6,000 km by periodic phase conjugation. Simulations indicate that PIAs could reach data rate x reach products in excess of 14,000 Tb/s × km in realistic wavelength‐division multiplexed long‐haul networks. Technical challenges remaining to be addressed in order for fiber OPAs to become useful for long‐haul communication networks are discussed.
43.
Youssef Rasha M. Khamis Essam F. El-Sayed Mahmoud A. Abdel Moneim Mona M. 《平面色谱法杂志一现代薄层色谱法》2014,27(1):58-65
JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A highly validated and selective high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed for the determination of... 相似文献
44.
The relationship between the rheological properties of nylon-6,6 solutions and the morphology of their electrospun nanofibers was established. The viscosity of nylon-6,6 in formic acid(90%) was measured in the concentration range of 5 wt%-25 wt% using a programmable viscometer. Electrospinning of nylon-6,6 solutions was carried out under controlled parameters. The chemical structure, morphology and thermal properties of the obtained nanofibers were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), respectively. Entanglement concentration(ce) was found to be 15 wt% and a power law relationship between specific viscosity and solution concentration was observed with exponents of 2.0 and 3.3 for semi-dilute unentangled(c ce) and semi-dilute entangled(c ce) regimes, respectively. The diameter and uniformity of the nanofibers were found to be dependent on the viscosity. Moreover, the average diameter of electrospun nanofibers was found to be dependent on zero shear rate viscosity and normalized concentration(c/ce) in a power law relationship with exponents of 0.298 and 0.816, respectively. For nylon-6,6 solutions, the entanglement concentration(ce = 15 wt%) provides the threshold viscosity required for the formation of a stable polymeric jet during electrospinning and producing uniform beadless fibers. For concentrations less than ce, beaded fibers with some irregularities are formed. DSC analysis showed an increase in crystallinity of all electrospun samples compared to original polymer. Furthermore, Based on FTIR spectroscopy, α phase is dominant in electrospun nanofibers and minor amount of β and γ phases is also available. 相似文献
45.
Various fused-heterocyclic-derivatives containing thiazolopyridine moieties has been synthesized by allowing 5-aminothiazolo[3,2-a]pyridine derivative 1 to undergo annulations reactions with different reagents under different-reaction conditions. The biological assessment of compounds 2 , 11 , 14 , 15 , and 19 showed remarkable antimicrobial activities. In addition, selected derivatives of the products were screened for their anticancer activities against two tumor cell lines using MTT assay and the results showed that some of these compounds have potent cytotoxic effect, as concluded from their IC50 values. Meanwhile, compounds 3a , 7 have exhibited very strong potency as anticancer candidates. Thiazolopyridine structures have been confirmed as a useful lead compounds for the development of new anticancer agents. Molecular docking showed that,-some of the synthesized compounds more suitable inhibitor against-ALR2 with farther alteration in future. 相似文献
46.
The chalcone as (E)-1-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one ( 3 ) was reacted with various active methylene compounds via Michael addition reaction under different conditions. In one hand, chalcone 3 reacted with isatin and glycine in one pot reaction via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. On the other hand, chalcone 3 was also reacted with different N-nucleophiles via direct addition on the carbonyl group to award cyclic and/or acyclic products. Meanwhile, the reaction of chalcone 3 with S-benzylthiuronium chloride afforded the thio-Michael addition product. Chalcone 3 and 10 novel synthesized compounds were screened against two cell lines (HepG2 and MCF-7). Among of them, thiosemicarbazone 16 , oxime 14 and pyrimidine-2(1H)-thione 19 derivatives revealed an excellent activity against both cell lines (IC50 values = 6.79-12.91 μM), whereas thiosemicarbazone 16 (6.79 ± 0.5 and 7.58 ± 0.6 μM) showed the highest activity. 相似文献
47.
Hosseini Fahimeh Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani Maryam Azizian Homa Ramazani Ali Tehrani Maliheh Barazandeh Nadri Hamid Larijani Bagher Biglar Mahmoud Adibi Hossein Mahdavi Mohammad 《Structural chemistry》2020,31(3):999-1012
Structural Chemistry - A new series of 4-oxobenzo[d]1,2,3-triazin-pyridinium-phenylacetamide hybrids 8a–p was designed, synthesized, and screened as the potential cholinesterase inhibitors... 相似文献
48.
Karim Samy El-Said Shaimaa Hussein Barakat M. Alrashdi Heba A. Mahmoud Mahrous A. Ibrahim Mohamed Elbakry Hala El-Tantawy Doaa Ibrahim Kabil Sabry A. El-Naggar 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(2)
Heavy metals intoxication causes several health problems that necessitate finding new protective and therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Musa sp. leaves extract (MLE) on hepato-renal toxicities induced by cadmium (Cd) in male mice. The phytochemical screening, metal chelating activity (MCA), and the median lethal dose (LD50) of MLE were determined. Fifty CD-1 male mice were used and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with MLE (1000 to 5000 mg/kg b.wt) for MLE LD50 determination. Another 50 mice were used for evaluating the effect of MLE on Cd toxicity. Blood samples were collected for hematological, liver, and kidney functions assessments. Liver tissue homogenates were used for determination of oxidant/antioxidant parameters. Liver and kidney tissues were harvested for histopathological and molecular investigations. MLE showed potent in vitro antioxidant activities. The MCA and LD50 of the MLE were 75 µg/mL and 3000 mg/kg b.wt, respectively. MLE showed beneficial therapeutic activity against hepato-renal toxicities in Cd-intoxicated mice, evidenced by improving the hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and molecular alterations. 相似文献
49.
Electronic excitations of Y–Ba–Cu–O polycrystalline material in superconducting form have been investigated by electron energy loss spectroscopy in reflection. The data obtained confirm recent band structure models for this material. Low electron energy losses correspond to energy levels close to the Fermi energy with an upper and lower Hubbard subband and an anionic O 2p band in the middle. Loss peaks due to interband transitions, plasmon excitations, and core electron excitations have been observed, the origin of which is interpreted by a schematic energy level diagram. 相似文献
50.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common type of gynecological malignancy. Platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for OC, but toxicity and acquired chemoresistance has proven challenging. Recently, we reported that sensitivity to platinum was significantly reduced in a co-culture of OC cells with MSC. To discover compounds capable of restoring platinum sensitivity, we screened a number of candidates and monitored ability to induce PARP cleavage. Moreover, we monitored platinum uptake and expression of ABC transporters in OC cells. Our results showed that 2-hydroxyestradiol (2HE2), a metabolite of estradiol, and dasatinib, an Abl/Src kinase inhibitor, were significantly effective in overcoming MSC-mediated platinum drug resistance. Dasatinib activity was dependent on ERK1/2 activation, whereas 2HE2 was independent of the activation of ERK1/2. MSC-mediated platinum drug resistance was accompanied by reduced intracellular platinum concentrations in OC cells. Moreover, MSC co-cultured with OC cells resulted in downregulation of the expression of cellular transporters required for platinum uptake and efflux. Exposure to 2HE2 and other modulators resulted in an increase in intracellular platinum concentrations. Thus, 2HE2 and dasatinib might act as sensitizers to restore platinum drug sensitivity to OC cells and thus to limit TME-mediated chemoresistance in OC. 相似文献