木质纤维素催化转化制备能源平台化合物

可再生生物质资源的能源化利用能有效缓解能源短缺和环境恶化的双重压力。木质纤维素类生物质原料通过催化转化途径可以转化成为用途广泛的平台化合物,如呋喃类化合物、多元醇和有机酸及其酯类衍生物等。以这些平台化合物为原料,通过基元反应的转化可以制备高附加值的生物质基液体燃料。基于上述背景,本文概述了国内外木质纤维素通过不同催化转化途径制备各种新能源平台化合物的研究进展。目前木质纤维素制备新能源平台化合物的可行途径主要包括液体酸催化、固体酸催化、离子液体催化和多功能材料催化。在介绍这些催化途径的同时,重点讨论了所使用的催化剂,分析了仍然存在的问题和可能的解决措施,同时对今后该领域的研究前景进行了展望。     

细乳液聚合法制备有机/无机纳米复合材料

无机纳米粒子的引入可以使聚合物材料获得抗菌、导电和防紫外等诸多特性,但无机纳米粒子在聚合物基质中易团聚、引入量少,难以充分发挥其优点。细乳液聚合法基于其独特的成核方式--液滴成核,能够提高无机纳米粒子在聚合物基中的分散性和引入量,且复合材料的形貌易于控制,是目前制备特殊形貌有机/无机纳米复合材料的一种有效手段。本文介绍了有机/无机复合纳米材料的细乳液制备过程,综述了近年来不同无机纳米粒子与有机基质复合的研究进展,例如：纳米SiO₂、纳米ZnO、金属纳米粒子、纳米氧化石墨烯等。最后就其发展现状提出了几点建议。     

Low-molecular-weight photoresponsive supramulecular hydrogel based on a dicationic azobenzene-bridged pyridinium hydrogelator

Photoresponsive supramolecular hydrogel was fabricated from a small azobenzene-bridged dicationic pyridinium salt in the aqueous solution. The UV-vis light triggered reversible gel-sol transformation of such low-molecular-weight supramolecular hydrogel was systematically investigated through various analytical techniques.     

Regioisomerism effect (RIE) on optimizing ultralong organic phosphorescence lifetimes

Organic phosphorescence materials demonstrate potential optoelectronic applications due to their remarkably ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) lifetime and abundant optical characteristics prior to the fluorescence materials. For a better insight into the intrinsic relationship among regioisomeric molecules, crystalline interactions, and phosphorescence properties, three crystalline dicarbazol-9-yl pyrazine-based regioisomers with para-, meta-, and ortho-convergent substitutions (p-DCzP, m-DCzP, and o-DCzP) were designed and presented gradually increased UOP lifetimes prolonging from 63.14, 127.93 to 350.46 ms, respectively, due to the regioisomerism effect (RIE) which would be an effective strategy for better understanding of structure-property of UOP materials.     

Three‐in‐One Oxygen Vacancies: Whole Visible‐Spectrum Absorption,Efficient Charge Separation,and Surface Site Activation for Robust CO2 Photoreduction

A facile and controllable in situ reduction strategy is used to create surface oxygen vacancies (OVs) on Aurivillius‐phase Sr₂Bi₂Nb₂TiO₁₂ nanosheets, which were prepared by a mineralizer‐assisted soft‐chemical method. Introduction of OVs on the surface of Sr₂Bi₂Nb₂TiO₁₂ extends photoresponse to cover the whole visible region and also tremendously promotes separation of photoinduced charge carriers. Adsorption and activation of CO₂ molecules on the surface of the catalyst are greatly enhanced. In the gas‐solid reaction system without co‐catalysts or sacrificial agents, OVs‐abundant Sr₂Bi₂Nb₂TiO₁₂ nanosheets show outstanding CO₂ photoreduction activity, producing CO with a rate of 17.11 μmol g^?1 h^?1, about 58 times higher than that of the bulk counterpart, surpassing most previously reported state‐of‐the‐art photocatalysts. Our study provides a three‐in‐one integrated solution to advance the performance of photocatalysts for solar‐energy conversion and generation of renewable energy.     

手性高价碘试剂的发展及展望

在过去几十年中，高价碘化学已成为有机化学研究的重要领域.高价碘化合物在多种类型的化学转化中，展现与过渡金属相似的反应性质.而其温和的反应条件、低耗费、环境友好、低毒性等特点，使高价碘化学引起了广泛的研究兴趣，并取得了巨大的进展.手性的高价碘试剂或前体也得以发展并应用于一系列化学计量或催化的不对称反应.近年来，手性高价碘领域研究进展显著，但也存在诸多不足.在本综述中，根据其结构特点以及发展的时间线，对多种类型的手性高价碘试剂和前体做一个总结，这将有助于帮助本领域研究者更好地理解手性高价碘化学的发展以及不足之处.