Fluorescence self-quenching in aromatic vapours; the role of excited dimers

At temperatures sufficiently high to produce an appreciable pressure of 9, 10-diphenylanthracene, perylene or pyrene, the quantum yield of fluorescence is found to be independent of vapour pressure. The negative temperature coefficient of self-quenching in anthracene vapour is explained in terms of the dissociation of an excited dimer which is also responsible for delayed fluorescence.

The pressure-dependence of the excited dimer lifetime at low pressures is shown to be consistent with a pressure-independent quenching constant if the second-order dissociation of the excited dimer becomes first-order at higher pressures.     

The collisional stabilization of excited β-naphthylamine molecules by the paraffin hydrocarbons in the gas phase

The transfer of vibrational energy from molecules of β-naphthylamine excited by the mercury lines at 2804 Å and 2652 Å to the homologous series of paraffin hydrocarbons up to n-hexane has been investigated in the gas phase at 180°C. Although the average amount of energy transferred collisionally increases with the complexity of the added gas by a factor of 5, the transfer efficiency expressed as an accommodation coefficient remains virtually unchanged.

A transfer mechanism based on the internal redistribution of vibrational energy within the collision complex is examined, in terms of which it is unnecessary to invoke vibration-vibration transfer except for pentane and hexane. The collision duration estimated on the basis of this model is well within an order of magnitude of that expected from collision diameters and relative velocities of the molecules concerned.     

Der Einfluß der stickstoffhaltigen und harzigen Bestandteile auf die Vulkanisierungsfähigkeit von Kautschuk

Ohne Zusammenfassung Uebersetzt von H. Brehm (Dresden).     

Untersuchung über Natur und Eigenschaften von Hevea-Latex

Ohne Zusammenfassung Uebersetzung von H. Brehm (Dresden).     

Der sog. „unlösliche“ Bestandteil des Kautschuks und sein Einfluß auf die Qualität desselben

Ohne ZusammenfassungUebersetzt von Hans Brehm (Dresden).     

Electron (charge) density studies of cellulose models

Introductory material first describes electron density approaches and demonstrates visualization of electron lone pairs and bonding as concentrations of electron density. Then it focuses on the application of Bader’s Quantum Theory of Atoms-in-Molecules (AIM) to cellulose models. The purpose of the work is to identify the various interactions that stabilize cellulose structure. AIM analysis aids study of non-covalent interactions, especially those for which geometric criteria are not well established. The models were in the form of pairs of cellotriose molecules, methylated at the O1 and O4 ends. Based on the unit cell of cellulose Iβ, there were corner–corner, and center–center pairs that correspond to (200) sheets, and corner–center pairings that corresponded to (1–10) and (110) stacks. AIM analysis (or charge-density topology analysis) was applied before and after minimization in vacuum and in continuum solvation. Besides the conventional O–H···O hydrogen bonds, all of which were known from geometric criteria, C–H···O hydrogen bonds (some previously reported), and some O···O and H···H interactions were found. Non-covalent bonds in the (200) sheets were maintained in all calculations with the exception of a weak, bifurcated O6–H···O2′′ bond that was not found in the corner–corner pair model and did not survive minimization. Nor did the O6···O4 interactions on the reducing ends of the triosides. Pairs of molecules along the (110) plane had an equal number (12) of non-covalent bonds compared to the pairs along the (1–10) plane, but the AIM parameters indicated the bonds between the pairs in the (110) plane were weaker. Intra-molecular O–H···O hydrogen bonds survived in these minimized pairs, but the relative chain alignments usually did not.