熔盐法制备氧化锆纳米棒

采用非水解溶胶-凝胶工艺合成氧化锆干凝胶粉,然后将干凝胶粉与熔盐混合制备氧化锆纳米棒。借助DTA-TG、XRD、FE-SEM、TEM等测试手段研究了氧化锆的物相转变过程,探讨了熔盐种类与用量、氟化物的添加等工艺参数对制备氧化锆纳米棒的影响。结果表明：以NaVO₃为熔盐,用量为1：1（熔盐与干凝胶的质量比）,并且在添加氟化钠的条件下能够制备产率高,且沿[010] 方向择优生长的单斜氧化锆纳米棒;氟离子一方面加速了熔盐中Zr⁴⁺离子的传质,促使氧化锆干凝胶粉的溶解,另一方面吸附在氧化锆的高能晶面上抑制该晶面的生长,两者的共同作用促进了大量氧化锆纳米棒的形成。     

小体积液液萃取气相色谱-质谱法测定水体中邻苯二甲酸酯

采用小体积液液萃取气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法测定水体中邻苯二甲酸酯,有效地避免了各种空白干扰。该法以正己烷为萃取剂,对6种目标化合物的富集倍数达8～321倍。在0.40～20.0μg/L范围内线性良好,6种邻苯二甲酸酯的检出限在0.01～0.10μg/L范围内,适用于实际水体中低浓度邻苯二甲酸酯的测定。     

高效液相色谱法同时检测4种金线莲黄酮苷元及其在提取工艺评价中的应用

基于高效液相色谱(HPLC)和提取离子流色谱-质谱(EIC-MS),建立了金线莲提取成分定性定量分析及提取效率评价新方法。方法采用20RBAX Ecipse XDB-C18色谱柱,以乙腈-0.03%乙酸水溶液为流动相,采用梯度洗脱,同时分离测定金线莲提取液中芦丁、山奈酚、异鼠李素和槲皮素4种黄酮苷元的含量,经EIC-MS验证,结果可靠。以黄酮提取率为指标,评价酶解-醇提、回流-醇提、搅拌-醇提、超声-醇提、超声-微波-醇提和煎煮6种提取工艺,结果显示,最佳提取工艺为回流-醇提法,提取时间短,醇用量少,总提取率最高,可达14.96mg/g。     

Single and Binary Dye Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange in Alcohol Aqueous Solution via Rice Husk Based Activated Carbon: Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies

The present work was mainly focused on the single and binary adsorption of methylene blue(MB) and methyl orange(MO) from alcohol aqueous solution over rice husk based activated carbon(RHAC). The study of single dye adsorption equilibrium experiments found that the Langmuir adsorption model was consistent with the adsorption behavior of RHAC on MB and MO, indicating that it was a single layer adsorption. The adsorption behavior conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The binary dye adsorption experiments showed that the Langmuir-Freundlich model could be applied to describe the adsorption behavior of RHAC on MB and MO. Comparation with the single dye system, the adsorption capacity on the binary dye system was larger, and there was "competitive adsorption" and "synergistic adsorption" effects existed. Meanwhile, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model also fit for the binary dye adsorption behavior.     

DNA Nanotechnology on Live Cell Membranes

Recent developments in DNA nanotechnology have brought various nanoscale structures,devices and functional systems for different applications.As biological barriers with significant functions,cell membranes proide direct interfaces for studying cellular environment and states.So far,DNA nanotechnology engineered on live cell membranes has advanced our fundamental understandings of DNA nanomaterials and facilitated the designs of novel sensing,imaging and therapeutic platforms.In this review,we highlighted strategies and outcomes of using DNA nanotechnology on cell membranes towards various biomedical applications,including biosensing,imaging,cellular function regulations and targeted cancer therapy.Furthermore,we also discussed the challenges and opportunities of DNA nanotechnology on cell membranes towards broader applications.     

卒中后癫痫的静息态脑功能磁共振成像研究

本文探讨了静息态脑功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)检查在评价卒中后癫痫患者静息态脑功能改变中的应用价值。选择2017年5月~2019年5月我院收治的80例卒中后癫痫患者作为观察组,另选择同期健康体检者53例作为对照组。两组均完成rs-fMRI检查,采集相关数据,计算并比较两组被试全脑低频振幅(ALFF)值。分别以大脑(小脑)ALFF差异区作为种子区,计算并比较其与小脑(大脑)所有体素之间静息态功能连接(rsFC)。与对照组比较,卒中后癫痫患者右侧楔前叶、左侧额中回的ALFF明显升高,而右侧海马、右侧小脑脚2区、左侧小脑4/5区的ALFF明显降低(P<0.05)。以各大脑ALFF差异区(右侧海马、右侧楔前叶、左侧额中回)作为种子区域,卒中后癫痫患者依次对应在左侧小脑8区、右侧小脑4/5区的rsFC值明显升高(P<0.05);以各小脑ALFF差异区(右侧小脑脚2区、左侧小脑4/5区)作为种子区域,卒中后癫痫患者依次对应在左侧额下回、右侧颞中回的rsFC值明显降低(P<0.05)。结果表明,卒中后癫痫患者大脑和小脑之间多个脑区功能连通性发生改变,rs-fMRI检查可客观评价患者静息态脑功能变化,为患者的临床诊疗及预后评估提供影像学依据。     

A New 1D Cd(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymer Constructed by 2,2'-H_2biimidazole:[Cd(H_2biim)_2(SO_4)]_n·3nH_2O

A new 1D Cd(II) coordination polymer, [Cd(H2biim)2(SO4)]n·3n H2O(1, H2 biim = 2,2'-H2biimidazole), has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 6.8405(14), b = 17.792(4), c = 14.987(3) A, β = 92.68(3), V = 1822.1(6) A3, Z = 4, C12H18 Cd N8O7S, Mr = 530.80, Dc = 1.935 g/cm3, F(000) = 1064, μ(Mo Ka) = 1.371 mm-1, R = 0.0280 and w R = 0.0617. In 1, adjacent Cd(II) atoms are bridged by sulfate anions in bidentate modes to yield a 1D chain. H2 biim ligands are located on both sides of the chain in chelating bidentate modes. Further, the H2 biim ligands from neighboring chains are paired through π-π interactions to generate a supramolecular layer, which is stabilized by the complicated N–H···O and O–H···O hydrogen bonds. In addition, thermal behavior and luminescent property of 1 have been investigated.     

水凝胶法制备Ni/ZrO2催化剂及催化CO2加氢甲烷化性能

采用水凝胶法制备出一系列Ni/ZrO2催化剂,使用X射线衍射(XRD),比表面积(BET)测试,透射电子显微镜(TEM)和氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)对其结构进行了表征,并考察了在CO2加氢甲烷化反应中的催化活性.研究结果表明,经过450℃焙烧的催化剂中ZrO2呈无定形结构,NiO均匀分散在ZrO2表面上;在400℃时H2还原过程中,部分无定形ZrO2转变为四方晶相结构并使Ni再次分散,Ni与ZrO2之间的电子作用抑制了Ni晶粒的生长和ZrO2晶型的转变;与无定形ZrO2和四方相ZrO2产生电子作用的NiO对催化剂活性起决定性作用,当Ni/Zr摩尔比为0.707时,催化剂活性最高.在H2/CO2体积比为4,空速为1×104h-1,压力为0.5 MPa,反应温度为200℃时,CO2转化率达到27%以上,当反应温度上升至280~320℃时,CO2转化率达到99%以上,CH4选择性大于92%.     

单元和多元取代纳米氢氧化镍晶相及其结构稳定性研究

以硝酸镍为镍源,硫酸钴、硫酸铜、硫酸铝为掺杂原料,采用超声波辅助沉淀法分别制备了单元和多元取代纳米氢氧化镍。用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、激光粒度仪(PSD)及电子显微镜(TEM、SEM)对样品晶相结构、形貌、粒度分布等进行了表征,研究了单元或多元取代对产物晶相及其结构稳定性的影响。结果表明,样品均为纳米级Ni(OH)2,随着掺杂元素种类的增多,其一次粒子变得细小,团聚加重,二次粒子粒径增大。样品中α-Ni(OH)2比例随取代元素增多而增大。相对于Co单元和Co/Cu双元取代,Co/Cu/Al三元取代的样品其晶相结构更稳定,在碱液中浸泡3周后仍为纯α-Ni(OH)2。在相同掺杂比例下,Cu取代比Co取代更有利于α-Ni(OH)2的生成,但Co取代的样品结构稳定性优于Cu取代的样品。     

Mo-V-Nb多组元氧化物催化乳酸氧化脱氢反应制备丙酮酸

丙酮酸是一种重要的有机合成和药物合成中间体,本文采用成本低廉的乳酸为原料,以Mo-V-Nb多组元氧化物为催化剂,在较低的反应温度下催化氧化脱氢合成了具有高附加值的丙酮酸。应用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征了Mo-V-Nb多组元氧化物的物相组成和微观结构,采用气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)分析了反应产物,研究了乳酸氧化脱氢可能的反应路径,并深入探讨了关键反应参数反应温度、氧气分压和质量空速对催化选择性和乳酸转化率的影响。