油基钻屑螺纹推进式换热器流动传热特性

对油基钻屑在螺纹推进式换热器内的流动换热过程进行了数值模拟,研究了螺杆转速、油基钻屑雷诺数Re和螺纹截面形状对流动换热的影响.结果表明:随着螺杆转速增加,传热系数、油基钻屑出口温度均增大;同时发现,当雷诺数Re＜250时,壳侧Nusselt数随雷诺数Re增大而迅速增大,此后雷诺数对Nusselt数影响较小;Nussel...     

SO2-4/TiO2光催化氧化邻硝基苯酚

采用不同浓度的硫酸溶液浸渍处理TiO2,制得不同SO2-4含量的SO2-4/TiO2光催化剂.考察了光催化剂对邻硝基苯酚溶液的光催化行为.发现SO2-4/TiO2的光催化活性高于TiO2的光催化活性,浸渍液中H2SO4的浓度和焙烧温度对SO2-4/TiO2的催化活性有一定的影响,最佳浸渍H2SO4浓度为0.5 mol·L-1,最佳焙烧温度为500℃.     

Rosette motion and string scattering of 20 MeV electrons in MgO single crystals

Analytical estimates and computer simulations were undertaken to perceive the motion of negative particles through a lattice structure, the interaction being classical binary scattering. Three distinct modes of particle motion along atomic strings were found depending on the magnitude of the transverse energy and the angular momentum L of the particle with regard to the string axis. At small and large L increased scattering on the strings as compared with random penetration dominates. At medium L and negative transverse energy (bound state particles in the attractive potential) a rosette motion along the string occurs. In this case small impact parameters to the string atoms are avoided and thus an increased penetrability of the negative particles results. The influence of thermal lattice vibrations on these motions was studied.

Experimentally, the negative particle motion modes manifested themselves in the penetration profiles of 20 MeV electrons through an 8 μm MgO single crystal.     

Synthesis of 2-guanyl-4-(3-substituted-phenyl)thiazoles with potent histamine H2-antagonism activity

The syntheses of novel 2-guanyl-4-(3-substituted-phenyl)thiazoles showing potent histamine H ₂-antagonism activity is reported. The most potent compound is 17 where the substitution at the 3-position of the phenyl ring is an N-methylamidino function.     

Water-soluble Self-assembled {Pd84}Ac Polyoxopalladate Nano-wheel as a Supramolecular Host

Polyoxopalladates (POPs) are a class of self-assembling palladium-oxide clusters that span a variety of sizes, shapes and compositions. The largest of this family, {Pd₈₄}^Ac, is constructed from 14 building units of {Pd₆} and lined on the inner and outer torus by 28 acetate ligands. Due to its high water solubility, large hydrophobic cavity and distinct ¹H NMR fingerprint {Pd₈₄}^Ac is an ideal molecule for exploring supramolecular behaviour with small organic molecules in aqueous media. Molecular visualisation studies highlighted potential binding sites between {Pd₈₄}^Ac and these species. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques, including ¹H NMR, ¹H Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY) and Nuclear Overhauser Spectroscopy (NOESY), were employed to study the supramolecular chemistry of this system. Here, we provide conclusive evidence that {Pd₈₄}^Ac forms a 1 : 7 host-guest complex with benzyl viologen (BV²⁺) in aqueous solution.     

Excess and interaction second virial coefficients for seven binary gaseous systems

Excess and interaction second virial coefficients have been measured over the temperature range 293–321 K for the systems He-N₂, He-CO₂, He-N₂O, He-CH₄, He-SF₆, He-CF₄ and Ar-SF₆. The excess second virial coefficients B_E are estimated to have an accuracy of 0.3 cm³ mol^?1.     

模糊粗糙近似算子公理集的独立性

用双论域上的模糊关系定义了广义模糊粗糙近似算子,并讨论了近似算子的性质。用公理刻画了模糊集合值算子,各种公理化的近似算子可以保证找到相应的二元模糊关系,使得由模糊关系通过构造性方法定义的模糊粗糙近似算子恰好就是用公理定义的近似算子。讨论了刻画各种特殊近似算子的公理集的独立性,从而给出各种特殊模糊关系所对应的模糊粗糙近似算子的最小公理集。     

Pressure-Induced Transition from an Antiferromagnet to a Ferrimagnet for Mn(II)(TCNE)[C(4)(CN)(8)](1/2) (TCNE = Tetracyanoethylene)

Mn(II)(TCNE)[C(4)(CN)(8)](1/2) (TCNE = tetracyanoethylene) exhibits a reversible pressure-induced piezomagnetic transition from a low magnetization antiferromagnetic state to a high magnetization ferrimagnetic state above 0.50 ± 0.15 kbar. In the ferrimagnetic state, the critical temperature, T(c), increases with increasing hydrostatic pressure and is ～97 K at 12.6 kbar, the magnetization increases by 3 orders of magnitude (1000-fold), and the material becomes a hard magnet with a significant remnant magnetization.     

静电喷雾法制备高效染料敏化太阳能电池的二氧化钛光阳极

TiO2光阳极膜是染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）的核心部件之一,它对电池的光电转换效率起决定性作用．TiO2电极一般采用刮涂法和丝网印刷法制备．近3年,通过静电喷雾制备光阳极的方法得到国内外学者的关注．静电喷雾制备光阳极会受到多种因素的影响,如电压、流速、悬浮液浓度、喷雾距离以及喷雾时间等．但这些因素对成膜和DSSC器件性能的影响却没有得到全面的研究或者报道．本文使用静电喷雾法制备了多孔TiO2纳米膜,并研究了以其为电极的电池器件特性．经过超声充分分散的稳定TiO2乙醇悬浮液在高电压下喷雾到导电玻璃上成膜．通过改变电喷雾距离,得到了具有不同形貌的TiO：光阳极膜,并解释了其形成的机理及其对电池性能的影响．研究还表明,光阳极膜的TiC14处理能够很好地改善电池性能．通过优化,基于流速为0．8mL／h、电喷雾距离和时间分别为2．2cm和8min条件下制备的光阳极,结合TiC14处理,组装的电池在模拟太阳光源AM1．5G下光电转化效率达6．24％．