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81.
We consider self-propelled particles undergoing run-and-tumble dynamics (as exhibited by E. coli) in one dimension. Building on previous analyses at drift-diffusion level for the one-particle density, we add both interactions and noise, enabling discussion of domain formation by "self-trapping," and other collective phenomena. Mapping onto detailed-balance systems is possible in certain cases. 相似文献
82.
Dennis Cates Wylie 《Physica A》2009,388(9):1946-1958
Simple nonlinear dynamical systems with multiple stable stationary states are often taken as models for switchlike biological systems. This paper considers the interaction of multiple such simple multistable systems when they are embedded together into a larger dynamical “supersystem.” Attention is focused on the network structure of the resulting set of coupled differential equations, and the consequences of this structure on the propensity of the embedded switches to act independently versus cooperatively. Specifically, it is argued that both larger average and larger variance of the node degree distribution lead to increased switch independence. Given the frequency of empirical observations of high variance degree distributions (e.g., power-law) in biological networks, it is suggested that the results presented here may aid in identifying switch-integrating subnetworks as comparatively homogenous, low-degree, substructures. Potential applications to ecological problems such as the relationship of stability and complexity are also briefly discussed. 相似文献
83.
84.
Amarian M Auerbach L Averett T Berthot J Bertin P Bertozzi B Black T Brash E Brown D Burtin E Calarco J Cates G Chai Z Chen JP Choi S Chudakov E Cisbani E De Jager CW Deur A DiSalvo R Dieterich S Djawotho P Finn M Fissum K Fonvieille H Frullani S Gao H Gao J Garibaldi F Gasparian A Gilad S Gilman R Glamazdin A Glashausser C Goldberg E Gomez J Gorbenko V Hansen JO Hersman B Holmes R Huber GM Hughes E Humensky B Incerti S Iodice M Jensen S Jiang X Jones C Jones G Jones M Jutier C Ketikyan A 《Physical review letters》2004,92(2):022301
We have measured the spin structure functions g(1) and g(2) of 3He in a double-spin experiment by inclusively scattering polarized electrons at energies ranging from 0.862 to 5.058 GeV off a polarized 3He target at a 15.5 degrees scattering angle. Excitation energies covered the resonance and the onset of the deep inelastic regions. We have determined for the first time the Q2 evolution of Gamma(1)(Q2)= integral (1)(0)g(1)(x,Q2)dx, Gamma(2)(Q2)= integral (1)(0)g(2)(x,Q2)dx, and d(2)(Q2)= integral (1)(0)x(2)[2g(1)(x,Q2)+3g(2)(x,Q2)]dx for the neutron in the range 0.1< or =Q2< or =0.9 GeV2 with good precision. Gamma(1)(Q2) displays a smooth variation from high to low Q2. The Burkhardt-Cottingham sum rule holds within uncertainties and d(2) is nonzero over the measured range. 相似文献
85.
Vanel L Claudin P Bouchaud J Cates ME Clement E Wittmer JP 《Physical review letters》2000,84(7):1439-1442
We present precise and reproducible mean pressure measurements at the bottom of a cylindrical granular column. If a constant overload is added, the pressure is linear in overload and nonmonotonic in the column height. The results are quantitatively consistent with a local, linear relation between stress components, as was recently proposed by some of us. They contradict the simplest classical (Janssen) approximation, and may rather severely test competing models. 相似文献
86.
A first-principles approach to the nonlinear flow of dense suspensions is presented which captures shear thinning of colloidal fluids and dynamical yielding of colloidal glasses. The advection of density fluctuations plays a central role, suppressing the caging of particles and speeding up structural relaxation. A mode coupling approach is developed to explore these effects. 相似文献
87.
Amarian M Auerbach L Averett T Berthot J Bertin P Bertozzi W Black T Brash E Brown D Burtin E Calarco JR Cates GD Chai Z Chen JP Choi S Chudakov E Cisbani E De Jager CW Deur A DiSalvo R Dieterich S Djawotho P Finn M Fissum K Fonvieille H Frullani S Gao H Gao J Garibaldi F Gasparian A Gilad S Gilman R Glamazdin A Glashausser C Goldberg E Gomez J Gorbenko V Hansen JO Hersman FW Holmes R Huber GM Hughes EW Humensky TB Incerti S Iodice M Jensen S Jiang X Jones C Jones GM Jones M Jutier C Ketikyan A 《Physical review letters》2002,89(24):242301
We present data on the inclusive scattering of polarized electrons from a polarized 3He target at energies from 0.862 to 5.06 GeV, obtained at a scattering angle of 15.5 degrees. Our data include measurements from the quasielastic peak, through the nucleon resonance region, and beyond, and were used to determine the virtual photon cross-section difference sigma(1/2)-sigma(3/2). We extract the extended Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral for the neutron in the range of four-momentum transfer squared Q2 of 0.1-0.9 GeV2. 相似文献
88.
Michael Cates David R. Miller 《Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena》1983,30(1):157-162
The vibrational state of a chemisorbed molecule on a metal surface is studied by focusing an attention on the role of electron-hole pair excitations of the coupled molecule-metal system. The vibrational line shapes thus calculated are characterized by both large red shift in the frequency and broad width (short life time) compared with those of free molecules. 相似文献
89.
Lindley A. Cates Ven-Shun Li Jyoti P. Basrur Bashir H. Saddawi Karim A. Alkadhi 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1985,22(1):183-185
2-Phenoxy-4,4-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-1,3,4,2-oxadiazaphosphorinium 2-oxide inner salt, the first known cyclic phosphaminimide, was synthesized by dehydroiodination of its hydrazinium salt. The corresponding 2-phenyl derivative was unstable and not isolated. The 2-phenoxy and 2-phenylphosphorinium iodides and their precursors produced weak inhibition of sympathetic ganglionic transmission. The phosphaminimide caused a slight potentiation and was also found to be less toxic than its corresponding hydrazinium iodide precusor. 相似文献
90.