Production and properties of metal-carbon composite coatings with a nanocrystalline structure

It is suggested to produce metal-carbon composite coatings by magnetron sputtering of mosaic cathodes, which are Group IV, V, and VI metals. The mosaic structure of the cathode elements are computer-optimized for each of the metals. Reflection electron diffraction studies show that the coatings have the amorphous or nanocrystalline structures, which are thermally stable. The coatings offer specific physical properties, in particular, low friction factor and high hardness.     

Statistical properties of the nonlinear negative binomial state

In this context, we introduce and investigate the properties of the nonlinear negative binomial state (the state which interpolates between the nonlinear coherent and the number states). Mainly we concentrate on the statistical properties for such state where we have discussed two different cases of squeezing phenomenon. The first case is the normal squeezing while the second is the amplitude squared squeezing, further the second order correlation function is also considered. Our discussion have been extended to include the quasi-probability distribution functions (W-Wigner and Q-functions). The quadrature distribution and the phase properties in Pegg-Barnett formalism besides the phase variances are considered. Examination of the resonance fluorescence against the present state is given (single atom and thermodynamic limit). It has been shown that the atomic inversion is sensitive to any variation in the nonlinear negative binomial number m.     

A mathematical analysis of a fish school model

A model proposed in the literature for fish schools of relatively large size is studied for mathematical and qualitative properties. Existence, uniqueness and positivity of solutions are established and bifurcation properties relative to diffusion and alignment parameters are studied.     

Growth and study of single crystals of (Na,K)NbO<Subscript>3</Subscript> solid solutions

(Na, K)NbO₃ crystals with a perovskite structure and a KNbO₃ content up to 40 mol % were grown from flux with the use of the solvent NaBO₂. The dielectric measurements of the crystals grown revealed phase transitions that had never been observed before in ceramic samples.     

Sufficient optimality conditions and duality in vector optimization with invex-convexlike functions

We prove the Kuhn-Tucker sufficient optimality condition, the Wolfe duality, and a modified Mond-Weir duality for vector optimization problems involving various types of invex-convexlike functions. The class of such functins contains many known generalized convex functions. As applications, we demonstrate that, under invex-convexlikeness assumptions, the Pontryagin maximum principle is a sufficient optimality condition for cooperative differential games. The Wolfe duality is established for these games.The author is indebted to the referees and Professor W. Stadler for valuable remarks and comments, which have been used to revise considerably the paper.     

A local search approach to a circle cutting problem arising in the motor cycle industry

This paper is concerned with the development of a customized circle packing algorithm for a manufacturer of sprockets for the motor cycle industry. Practical constraints mean that the problem differs somewhat from those tackled elsewhere in the literature. In particular, the layouts need to conform to a given structure. This is achieved by using a local search algorithm with an appropriate starting solution and a series of neighbourhoods designed to preserve the layout structure. Empirical evidence based on real data shows that the quality of the resulting solutions closely matches that of cutting patterns currently produced by human experts. Computation times average around 20–30?s per order as compared to several hours for an equivalent manual solution.     

VECTOR FIELDS IN R2 WITH MAXIMAL INDEX

We consider the method of Poincaré to investigate thelocal index of vector fields in the plane. If m is the degreeof the first non-zero jet, X_m, of the vector field X at an isolatedzero, we explore the geometry of the pencil generated by thecoordinate functions of X_m when the absolute value of the indexof X, |ind (X)|, is m. We also find necessary and sufficientconditions for |ind (X)| to be m.     

Discovery of a new long-lived isomeric state in 125Ce

A new long-lived isomeric state in the near proton dripline nucleus ¹²⁵Ce has been identified with Schottky mass spectrometry at GSI. The excitation energy E ^* = 103(12)keV and the decay time of 193(1)s have been obtained from a single stored fully ionized ^125m Ce⁵⁸⁺ ion. The data implies an E3 transition and a 1/2⁺ assignment for the spin of the isomer.