基于片层光照明的新型单分子横向磁镊

磁镊是一种高精度的单分子技术,它用磁场对连有生物大分子的超顺磁球产生磁力,通过追踪磁球的位置来测量生物大分子的长度信息.磁镊包括横向磁镊和纵向磁镊.纵向磁镊空间精度高,但昂贵;横向磁镊简单便宜,但由于受其成像原理的限制,一般情况下只能连接较长的DNA等生物大分子,且其空间精度较差,进而限制了其应用范围.为了解决这个问题,本文改进了横向磁镊,用片层光照明的方法使光线主要被磁球散射,从而能够直接观察到吸附在样品槽侧壁上的磁球,这使得测量短连接的底物成为可能.对于实际应用的检测,首先测试了包含270 bp发卡结构的0.5μm双链DNA,用其中发卡结构的"折叠-去折叠"跳变过程证明了改进后的横向磁镊的确可以追踪短DNA等生物大分子.然后,进一步用16μm的λ-DNA检验了实验系统.最后,将新型横向磁镊与普通横向磁镊及纵向磁镊在小力和大力条件下拉伸不同长度DNA的噪声进行了比较,发现改进后的横向磁镊在空间精度上明显优于普通横向磁镊,与纵向磁镊相比也无明显差异.以上结果证明了改进后的横向磁镊的精度优势,并扩展了横向磁镊的应用范围.     

基于MSP430的直线导轨定位装置的设计与实现

直线导轨是数控技术的重要组成部件,它的精确程度非常重要。以MSP430单片机为核心,设计了一个直线导轨精确定位装置。此装置采用两相四线的ST57型步进电机和60CM的螺纹丝杆组成一个直线导轨组,选用M7128驱动器驱动步进电机,使用PWM波精确定位算法程序精确控制电机转速。MSP430的IO端口控制步进电机的正反转,使得步进电机带动螺纹丝杆转动,让滚动丝杠上的物体往复移动,并在电脑上显示当前位移值。试验证明,其定位精度为0.01cm,具有较高的可靠性和准确性,低成本,稳定性好。     

Entanglement Properties in the System of Three Atoms Trapped in Three Distant Cavities Connected by Two Optical Fibers

This paper discusses the entanglement dynamics of a coupled cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) setup, which comprises three two-level atoms resonantly interacting with three cavities that are coupled by two optical fibers. The influences of atom-cavity coupling constant on the entanglement between atoms and that between cavities are discussed. The results obtained from the numerical method show that the entanglement between non-adjacent atoms or that between adjacent cavities has a nonlinear relation with increasing of the atom-cavity coupling coefficient. On the other hand, the entanglement between non-adjacent cavities is strengthened and the entanglement between adjacent atoms is weakened with increasing of atom-cavity coupling constant.     

Efficient Fluorescent Recognition of Carboxylates in Aqueous Media Using Facilely Electrosynthesized Poly(9-Aminofluorene)

A variety of carboxylates were recognized using poly(9-aminofluorene) (P9AF) in the HEPES buffer (pH 7.4), and a proposed possible mechanism was proposed as following. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions resulted in electron transfer between P9AF and carboxylates. P9AF was facilely electrosynthesized in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and could be used as an efficient fluorescent sensing material for the detection of AcO^?. On binding to AcO^?, fluorescence quenching of P9AF was demonstrated by a maximum 80 % reduction in the fluorescence intensity, while no obvious fluorescence change could be observed in the presence of some other common anions. Some different carboxylates could be recognized at different levels by P9AF. Substituent groups in carboxylates could affect the intermolecular interaction between carboxylates and P9AF. These could be explained by a possible mechanism that hydrogen bonding was the main way of intermolecular interactions between P9AF and carboxylates, which was further confirmed by absorption spectra monitoring and density functional calculations. The significant advantage of this strategy is that it does not require a prequenching procedure and the polymer can be used directly for analyte detection.     

GESFIDE-PROPELLER Approach for Simultaneous R2 and R2* Measurements in the Abdomen

Purpose

To investigate the feasibility of combining GESFIDE with PROPELLER sampling approaches for simultaneous abdominal R2 and R2* mapping.

Materials and Methods

R2 and R2* measurements were performed in 9 healthy volunteers and phantoms using the GESFIDE-PROPELLER and the conventional Cartesian-sampling GESFIDE approaches.

Results

Images acquired with the GESFIDE-PROPELLER sequence effectively mitigated the respiratory motion artifacts, which were clearly evident in the images acquired using the conventional GESFIDE approach. There was no significant difference between GESFIDE-PROPELLER and reference MGRE R2* measurements (p = 0.162) whereas the Cartesian-sampling based GESFIDE methods significantly overestimated R2* values compared to MGRE measurements (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The GESFIDE-PROPELLER sequence provided high quality images and accurate abdominal R2 and R2* maps while avoiding the motion artifacts common to the conventional Cartesian-sampling GESFIDE approaches.     

Energy transfer under impact load studied by molecular dynamics simulation

The process of amorphous silica clusters impact on a crystal silicon substrate is studied by molecular dynamics simulation, focusing on the energy transfer between clusters and the substrate under different impact conditions such as cluster size, impact velocity, and incidence angle. The impact process is divided into cluster deformation stage, cluster resilience stage, and cluster rebound stage according to the courses of energy change during the impact process. The simulation elucidates that the time of impact process of every cluster is only related to cluster size and is independent of impact velocity and incidence angle. The translational energy loss of the cluster and the potential energy increment of the substrate during cluster deformation stage, and the dissipation energy of system are independent of cluster size under the same impact energy and incidence angle. And the translational energy loss of the cluster during cluster rebound stage changes from energy absorption to energy release after the incidence angle becomes more than 60°. The rotational energy of the cluster may be omitted when the incidence angle is less than 15°. The ratios of the rotational energy increment of the cluster, the kinetic energy increment, and the potential energy increment of the substrate to the translational energy loss of the cluster are obviously influenced by impact conditions. And the ratios of the increment of the other categories of energy to the translational energy loss of the cluster are not sensitive to impact conditions.     

椭圆偏振技术研究VHF-PECVD高速沉积微晶硅薄膜的异常标度行为

采用VHF-PECVD技术高速沉积了不同生长阶段的微晶硅薄膜,通过椭圆偏振技术研究了生长过程中微晶硅薄膜表面粗糙度的演化.实验结果表明,沉积气压P_g=300 Pa时,β=0.81,其超出标度理论中β最大值为0.5范围,出现异常标度行为.这表明微晶硅薄膜高速生长中还存在其他粗糙化增加的因素,此粗糙化增加的因素与阴影作用有关. 关键词： 微晶硅薄膜 椭偏光谱法 生长机制 表面粗糙度     

马铃薯中酪氨酸酶的提取及其活性的研究

采用缓冲溶液法提取马铃薯中的酪氨酸酶,以邻苯二酚溶液为底物,测定了不同体积的酶的活性,研究了在不同pH值、温度和无机盐的条件下对酶活性的影响,确定了酶活性的最适温度为40℃和最适pH值为6.78.     

基于“慕课”的物理类微课程设计探索

“慕课”起步,微课程先行!鉴于目前微课程设计缺乏规范模式,本文旨在对此进行深入探讨．在微课程设计缺乏充分的理论基础支持的前提下,本文首先利用文献综述法归纳得出微课程的基本特征,据此确定微课程设计原则;其次以此原则为指导,借鉴远程开放教育的设计模式,类比探索出微课程设计的基本模式;最后将这种微课程设计模式应用于物理类课程,并结合物理类课程特点进行实证分析,成功实现了物理类微课程设计．教学实践活动进一步检验了本文构建的微课程设计模式切实可行、效果良好．     

液芯光纤中溶液吸收和荧光的性质对CS2受激拉曼散射阈值的影响

利用液芯光纤技术研究了不同浓度的β-Carotene的CS2溶液的吸收与荧光的特性对CS2的一、二阶Stokes谱线阈值的影响.实验发现随溶液浓度(10-8-10-6 mol/L)增加,CS2的一阶Stokes谱线的激发阈值相对变高;并且与纯CCS2芯液的受激拉曼散射相比较,在低抽运能量激发下,就观察到CS2的二阶Stokes谱线.这主要是由于在CS2的受激拉曼谱线产生的过程中,β-Carotene的CS2溶液的吸收和荧光共同影响了CS2的一、二阶Stokes谱线的阈值.我们进行了理论上的拟合与分析,其结果与实验符合很好.