Preparation of Silica Aerogel/Resin Composites and Their Application in Dental Restorative Materials

As the most advanced aerogel material, silica aerogel has had transformative industrial impacts. However, the use of silica aerogel is currently limited to the field of thermal insulation materials, so it is urgent to expand its application into other fields. In this work, silica aerogel/resin composites were successfully prepared by combining silica aerogel with a resin matrix for dental restoration. The applications of this material in the field of dental restoration, as well as its performance, are discussed in depth. It was demonstrated that, when the ratio of the resin matrix Bis-GMA to TEGDMA was 1:1, and the content of silica aerogel with 50 μm particle size was 12.5%, the composite achieved excellent mechanical properties. The flexural strength of the silica aerogel/resin composite reached 62.9546 MPa, which was more than five times that of the pure resin. Due to the presence of the silica aerogel, the composite also demonstrated outstanding antibacterial capabilities, meeting the demand for antimicrobial properties in dental materials. This work successfully investigated the prospect of using commercially available silica aerogels in dental restorative materials; we provide an easy method for using silica aerogels as dental restorative materials, as well as a reference for their application in the field of biomedical materials.     

Gray photorefractive polymeric optical spatial solitons

We show that gray spatial optical solitons are possible in biased photorefractive polymers under steady-state conditions. We find that for a given material parameter the absolute value of a gray photorefractive polymeric soliton's phase decreases with an increase in the beam's grayness, whereas it increases with the material parameter for a given beam's grayness and that the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the gray soliton beam's intensity increases with the beam's grayness when the normalized background intensity and the material parameter are fixed and decreases with an increase in the normalized background intensity when the material parameter is fixed. On the other hand, we also show that N coupled beam evolution equations in biased photorefractive polymers can exhibit multicomponent gray solitons. These multicomponent gray solitons can be obtained provided that the N coupled beams share the same polarization, wavelength, and are incoherent with one another. The characteristics and stability properties of these multicomponent gray solitons are also discussed in detail.     

Bioactive Components and Anticancer Activities of Spray-Dried New Zealand Tamarillo Powder

Tamarillo fruit contains many phytochemicals that have beneficial therapeutic and nutritional properties. Spray-drying is widely used to preserve fruit puree in powder form. However, to obtain high-quality fruit powder, the optimisation of spray-drying conditions is necessary, as a high drying temperature can damage sensitive bioactive compounds. This study investigated the effects of spray-drying on the microstructure, polyphenolics, total flavonoids, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, and anticancer capacity of tamarillo powder. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the spray-drying process to produce tamarillo powder. The independent variables were inlet drying temperature (120–160 °C), flow rate (1–5 g/mL), and maltodextrin concentration (0–10%). These variables influenced the microstructural attributes, bioactive components, and cytotoxicity of the spray-dried tamarillo powder. The increase in polyphenols and antioxidant activities were favoured under high-temperature spray drying conditions and a low carrier concentration. The optimised spray-drying conditions for producing tamarillo powder with high antioxidant and anticancer activities, high yield, and stable bioactive compounds were found to be at 146.8 °C inlet temperature, and a flow rate of 1.76 g/mL.     

基序B参与调控模板依赖的聚合酶抑制作用

RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶是参与新冠病毒进行RNA复制与转录的主要分子机器. 之前的实验研究表明瑞德西韦在模板链上时存在两次抑制作用,即不仅可以抑制与之互补的尿嘧啶核苷三磷酸的加成,还可以抑制下一位核苷三磷酸的加成. 然而,第二次抑制作用的分子机制尚未阐明. 本文运用了分子动力学模拟,发现瑞德西韦在模板链上的第二次抑制不是直接作用于核苷酸在活性位点的加成,而是源于瑞德西韦从+1位点到-1位点的迁移过程受到阻碍,这将导致活性位点无法空出,核苷三磷酸无法进入活性位点从而产物链的延长被终止. 首先,发现了基序B中G683会和瑞德西韦的1''-氰基相互作用,导致移位后态的RNA双链配对稳定性低于移位前态,从而使得瑞德西韦的移位在热力学上不易发生. 其次,由于瑞德西韦的1''-氰基在迁移过程中会与基序B的S682产生位阻,进一步从动力学上阻碍了瑞德西韦动态移位的发生. 本研究不仅揭示了基序B上两个相邻且高度保守的氨基酸可以调控瑞德西韦沿模板链的移位过程,同时,本文的发现也进一步完善了对瑞德西韦抑制新冠病毒RNA复制和转录的分子机制的理解.     

象面全息无损检测的实验研究

本文对象面全息无损检测方法进行了实验研究,结果表明该方法可用白光再现;同时,对于小缺陷可进行放大成象,从而提高了对小缺陷的判别精度。     

大模场面积光子晶体光纤激光器展宽脉冲锁模域的束缚态运转

实验研究了大模面积光子晶体光纤飞秒激光器在近零色散点展宽脉冲锁模的束缚态运转.获得了双脉冲束缚态锁模,以及脉冲间隔不相等的多脉冲束缚态锁模,实验发现束缚态的子脉冲间距具有随机性.通过建立光纤锁模激光器的数值模型,分析了激光器束缚态锁模建立的动力学过程,在一定抽运强度下,激光器存在多个稳态,或者单脉冲运转,或者子脉冲间隔不相等的束缚态运转,这取决于锁模建立阶段半导体可饱和吸收镜(SESAM)对噪声信号的随机提取.并提出了抑制束缚态的方法,模拟得出此项技术可直接获得的最大单脉冲能量为19.6 nJ,考虑到40%左右的压缩损耗,可得到压缩至76 fs的最短脉冲,单脉冲能量为11.8 nJ.数值模拟结果能很好的与实验相符合.     

An all-organic aqueous potassium dual-ion battery

Benefiting from the environmental friendliness of organic electrodes and the high security of aqueous electrolyte,an all-organic aqueous potassium dual-ion full...     

SYNTHESIS OF CeO2 NANOPARTICLES IN W/ O MICROEMULSION

The phase composition and properties of microemulsion system of Titron N-101 / n-pentanol/ n-octane/ water (ammonia solution) were studied. CeO₂ nanopaticles were prepared by the reaction of cerous nitrate.     

Thermoluminescence response as a function of irradiation temperature

Thermoluminescence response at different irradiation temperatures and photon energies has been studied. Analyses of the glow curve and the peak height of TLD 200, 600, 700 and CaSO₄:Dy for irradiations using ⁶⁰Co, ¹³⁷Cs and ²²⁶Ra were made.     

Blue laser lithography for making antireflective submicron structures on silicon

The application of blue laser lithography for creating antireflective submicron structures on a crystalline silicon substrate was evaluated. The assembled blue laser lithography system was obtained by modifying a commercial blue laser optical pickup head and consisting of a 405-nm-wavelength blue laser and a 0.85-numerical-aperture objective lens. Si substrates were patterned with submicron column patterns of various periods and aspect ratios by blue laser lithography using a sputtered Ge-Sb-Sn-O layer as a resist. The reflectance of the patterned Si substrate decreased to 3% on average in the 300–1000 nm wavelength range, with a low sensitivity to the angle of incident light. Such patterned substrates showed potential for application in crystalline Si solar cells.