Chemical and pharmacological aspects of capsaicin

Capsaicin is a unique alkaloid found primarily in the fruit of the Capsicum genus and is what provides its spicy flavor. Generally extracted directly from fruit, high demand has driven the use of established methods to increase production through extraction and characterization. Over time these methods have improved, usually be applying existing techniques in conjunction. An increasingly wide range of potential applications has increased interest in capsaicin. Especially compelling are the promising results of medical studies showing possible beneficial effects in many diseases. Capsaicin's pungency has limited its use in clinical trials to support its biological activity. Characterization and extraction/ synthesis of non-pungent analogues is in progress. A review is made of capsaicin research focusing mainly on its production, synthesis, characterization and pharmacology, including some of its main potential clinical uses in humans.     

The Kμ-Transformation on McBride's Spaces of Generalized Functions

In this paper we define the K_μ- transformation on certain spaces of generalized functions introduced by A.C. McBride by employing the kernel method. we also establish relations between the generalized K_μ- transformation and certain fractional integral operators.     

Synthesis of poly(ester amide)s with lateral groups from a bulk polycondensation reaction with formation of sodium chloride salts

Poly(ester amide)s with a regular sequence and derived from diamine, dicarboxylic acid, and glycolic acid units can be easily synthesized by using a thermal polycondensation method based on the formation of metal halide salts as a driving force. These new poly(ester amide)s have tuneable properties depending on the number of methylene groups and constitute a group of materials with potential interest as biodegradable materials in applications such as surgical sutures. The present work reveals that the proposed synthesis can also be applied when esters of L ‐lysine are used as a diamine unit since no secondary reactions such as transesterification occur under the required polymerization conditions. The possibility of linking compounds with pharmacological activity to the carboxylic acid groups of lysine extends the interest of the referred materials, for example, as drug delivery systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 661–667, 2008     

The Unusual Transformation of an Aromatic 1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-Imidazole into a Non-Aromatic 2<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-Imidazole

2H-Imidazole derivative 5 has been synthesized and characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Cc with cell parameters a = 19.398(1), b = 8.890(1), c = 10.247(1), β = 110.76(1), Z = 4. The molecules are inter-linked through C–H⋅sO and C–H⋅sπ interactions forming infinite chains.     

Study of the nitric oxide system in the rat cerebellum during aging

Background  

The cerebellum is the neural structure with the highest levels of nitric oxide, a neurotransmitter that has been proposed to play a key role in the brain aging, although knowledge concerning its contribution to cerebellar senescence is still unclear, due mainly to absence of integrative studies that jointly evaluate the main factors involved in its cell production and function. Consequently, in the present study, we investigate the expression, location, and activity of nitric oxide synthase isoenzymes; the protein nitration; and the production of nitric oxide in the cerebellum of adult and old rats.     

Characterization of UMD Banach Spaces by Imaginary Powers of Hermite and Laguerre Operators

In this paper we characterize the Banach spaces with the UMD property by means of L ^p -boundedness properties for the imaginary powers of the Hermite and Laguerre operators. In order to do this we need to obtain pointwise representations for the Laplace transform type multipliers associated with Hermite and Laguerre operators.     

Characterization of Banach valued BMO functions and UMD Banach spaces by using Bessel convolutions

In this paper we consider the space ${{{BMO}_o(\mathbb{R}, X)}}$ of bounded mean oscillations and odd functions on ${{\mathbb{R}}}$ taking values in a UMD Banach space X. The functions in ${{{BMO}_o(\mathbb{R}, X)}}$ are characterized by Carleson type conditions involving Bessel convolutions and γ-radonifying norms. Also we prove that the UMD Banach spaces are the unique Banach spaces for which certain γ-radonifying Carleson inequalities for Bessel–Poisson integrals of ${{{BMO}_o(\mathbb{R}, X)}}$ functions hold.