The 250th anniversary of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR

I hope sincerely with all my heart that, as vast as the boundaries of this state may be, the lofty sciences will expand within them, and that the desire and fervor to do so will increase in equal measure in the sons of Russia.     

Hybrid method for detecting cascades produced by ultrahigh-energy cosmic particles using a circumlunar satellite

A hybrid method for detecting cosmic rays and neutrino cascades using the radio method and the conventional method for detecting cascade particles was proposed. Cascades produced in the lunar soil near the surface by ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos in the energy range of 1 GeV–100 TeV, coming from above at different angles, were calculated. The calculated energy and angular distributions were extrapolated to the energy region of 10²⁰ eV. Using these results, the detection threshold was estimated as 10²⁰ eV which is approximately identical to the threshold for the radio detector previously considered by the authors.     

Parity nonconservation in the circular polarization of primary photons of the radiation accompanying electron conversion in the 5/2− → 5/2+ nuclear transition in the 229Pa91 nucleus

The ground state of ²²⁹Pa₉₁ is a 5/2^± doublet, with the splitting energy being 220+-50 eV. A direct observation of P-odd effects in this system is of great interest, since this may furnish information about the parity-nonconserving effective one-nucleon potential. Since a transition between two oppositeparity doublet states is accompanied by a strong conversion, it is possible to study P-odd mixing by exploring the conversion-electron helicity and the circular polarization P _γ of the lines of atomic radiation that arises upon the filling of a hole in the 6s _1/2, 6p _1/2, and 6p _3/2 shells of the ²²⁹Pa₉₁ atom. Since P _γ is about 3–5% for individual atomic transitions, experiments aimed at observing parity-nonconservation effects on this basis are feasible.     

Equation‐of‐state studies of high‐energy‐density matter using intense ion beams at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research

This paper describes an experiment design based on numerical simulations to measure the equation‐of‐state properties of high‐energy‐density (HED) matter using intense particle beams. The simulations are performed using a 2D hydrodynamic computer code, BIG2, while the beam parameters are considered to match the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research beam. This study has shown that in such experiments one can generate different phases of HED lead. Similar calculations are planned for other materials.     

Proposal for the study of thermophysical properties of high-energy-density matter using current and future heavy-ion accelerator facilities at GSI Darmstadt

The subject of high-energy-density (HED) states in matter is of considerable importance to numerous branches of basic as well as applied physics. Intense heavy-ion beams are an excellent tool to create large samples of HED matter in the laboratory with fairly uniform physical conditions. Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, is a unique worldwide laboratory that has a heavy-ion synchrotron, SIS18, that delivers intense beams of energetic heavy ions. Construction of a much more powerful synchrotron, SIS100, at the future international facility for antiprotons and ion research (FAIR) at Darmstadt will lead to an increase in beam intensity by 3 orders of magnitude compared to what is currently available. The purpose of this Letter is to investigate with the help of two-dimensional numerical simulations, the potential of the FAIR to carry out research in the field of HED states in matter.     

On the planar integer two-flow problem

We consider the two-commodity flow problem and give a good characterization of the optimum flow if the augmented network (with both source-sink edges added) is planar. We show that max flow ≧ min cut −1, and describe the structure of those networks for which equality holds.     

Search for isovector giant monopole resonances via the Pb(3He,tp) reaction

The (nat)Pb(3He,tp) reaction at E(3He) = 177 MeV was studied to identify 2Planck's over 2piomega isovector monopole strength in Bi isotopes. Monopole strength was found in the region -45相似文献