Reactions of vinyl 2,3-epoxypropyl ethers with 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles

Reactions of vinyl 2,3-epoxypropyl ether and 2-(vinyloxy)ethyl 2,3-epoxypropyl ether with 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles give, respectively, 3-vinyloxy-1-(4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-ols and 3-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)-1-(4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-ols in 70–91% yield.     

Electronic and Magnetic Structure of Intercalated Graphene Films

Physics of the Solid State - Ab initio calculations of the electron spectrum of the graphene–cobalt–nickel system were performed in the slope of the spin density functional theory...     

New syntheses of [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-e][1,2,3,4]tetrazine 4,6-dioxide

New methods were developed for the synthesis of [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-e][1,2,3,4]tetrazine 4,6-dioxide from 4-(tert-butyl-NNO-azoxy)-N-nitro-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-amine or its alkali metal salts and acid anhydrides (or chlorides) in the presence of strong acids. The yield of [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-e][1,2,3,4]tetrazine 4,6-dioxide in acetic anhydride in the presence of sulfuric acid or sulfuric anhydride at 20°C in 20 min attained 83%. A general mechanism was proposed for the reactions under study. Acetyl group behaved for the first time as departing group in the synthesis 1,2,3,4-tetrazine 1,3-dioxides, and [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-e][1,2,3,4]tetrazine 4,6-dioxide was obtained in 47% yield from N-[4-(acetyl-NNO-azoxy)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl]acetamide.     

Production of Antibodies and Development of Specific Polarization Fluoroimmunoassay for Acetochlor

Specific polyclonal antibodies towards acetochlor (2-chloro- N -(ethoxymethyl)- N -(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)acetamide) were obtained from rabbits immunized against a 3-mercaptopropionic acid derivative of acetochlor, covalently attached to bovine serum albumin. A polarization fluoroimmuoassay (PFIA) based on these antibodies was developed and optimized to detect acetochlor in water samples. The optimized PFIA had a detection limit of 9 µg/L, linear working range from 50 to 5500 µg/L and within-assay coefficient of variation less than 4%. Cross-reactivity studies demonstrated that these antibodies are capable of specific detection of acetochlor amongst structurally related chloroacetanilide herbicides. Assay cross-reactivity values were: alachlor 0%, metolachlor 2.4%, propachlor 0%, butachlor 0.2% and dimethachlor 0.5%. Five organic solvents commonly used in sample extraction were evaluated for their effect on acetochlor PFIA performance, and methanol and ethanol were found to be compatible with the assay up to 10% v/v.     

Leaching of Impurities from Poor Intermediate Products of Refining Production in Autoclave Conditions

Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry - At elevated temperatures (130 and 180°C) in hydrothermal autoclave conditions, the possibility of deep extraction of noble metals from poor intermediate...     

A novel approach to the synthesis of amino acids based on cobalt bis(dicarbollide)

A novel approach to the synthesis of boron-containing amino acids based on ring opening of cyclic oxonium derivatives of polyhedral boron hydrides under the action of the terminal functional groups of natural amino acids was proposed. This approach was successfully implemented for the synthesis of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) — tyrosine conjugate.     

Unstable trigger waves induce various intricate dynamic regimes in a reaction-diffusion system of blood clotting

In this work we demonstrate that the unstable trigger waves, connecting stable and unstable spatially uniform steady states, can create intricate dynamic regimes in one-dimensional three-component reaction-diffusion model describing blood clotting. Among the most interesting regimes are the composite and replicating waves running at a constant velocity. The front part of the running composite wave remains constant, while its rear part oscillates in a complex manner. The rear part of the running replicating wave periodically gives rise to new daughter waves, which propagate in the direction opposite the parent wave. The domain of these intricate regimes in parameter space lies in the region of monostability near the region of bistability.     

Novel types of boronated chlorin e6 conjugates via ‘click chemistry’

Conjugates of chlorin e₆ with closo‐dodecaborate and cobalt bis(dicarbollide) anions were synthesized for the first time in high yields using the advanced ‘click’ methodology. In vitro study on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells revealed that the synthesized boronated conjugates are able to penetrate and accumulate in cancer cells, but their intracellular concentration is not sufficient for effective photodynamic and boron neutron capture therapy of cancer. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.