全文获取类型
收费全文 | 73967篇 |
免费 | 12415篇 |
国内免费 | 7318篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 50951篇 |
晶体学 | 657篇 |
力学 | 4738篇 |
综合类 | 310篇 |
数学 | 8196篇 |
物理学 | 28848篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 279篇 |
2023年 | 1601篇 |
2022年 | 2717篇 |
2021年 | 2919篇 |
2020年 | 3107篇 |
2019年 | 2907篇 |
2018年 | 2562篇 |
2017年 | 2335篇 |
2016年 | 3570篇 |
2015年 | 3473篇 |
2014年 | 4134篇 |
2013年 | 5308篇 |
2012年 | 6730篇 |
2011年 | 6732篇 |
2010年 | 4473篇 |
2009年 | 4254篇 |
2008年 | 4596篇 |
2007年 | 4110篇 |
2006年 | 3754篇 |
2005年 | 3131篇 |
2004年 | 2426篇 |
2003年 | 1925篇 |
2002年 | 1754篇 |
2001年 | 1470篇 |
2000年 | 1357篇 |
1999年 | 1533篇 |
1998年 | 1304篇 |
1997年 | 1291篇 |
1996年 | 1289篇 |
1995年 | 1050篇 |
1994年 | 921篇 |
1993年 | 763篇 |
1992年 | 674篇 |
1991年 | 580篇 |
1990年 | 501篇 |
1989年 | 384篇 |
1988年 | 335篇 |
1987年 | 274篇 |
1986年 | 249篇 |
1985年 | 204篇 |
1984年 | 143篇 |
1983年 | 102篇 |
1982年 | 80篇 |
1981年 | 67篇 |
1980年 | 66篇 |
1979年 | 33篇 |
1978年 | 30篇 |
1977年 | 40篇 |
1976年 | 30篇 |
1973年 | 28篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
951.
The relativistic problem of neutral fermions subject to PT-symmetric trigonometric potential (∼iαtanαx) in 1+1 dimensions is investigated. By using the basic concepts of the supersymmetric quantum mechanics formalism and the functional analysis method, we solve exactly the position-dependent effective mass Dirac equation with the vector coupling scheme and obtain the bound state solutions in closed form. The behavior of the energy spectra is discussed in detail. 相似文献
952.
Adiabatic approximation for quantum evolution is investigated addressing its dependence on the Berry connections that are functions of a slowly-varying parameter R . When the Berry connections have singularities of type 1/Rσ with σ<1, the adiabatic fidelity converges to unit according to a power-law; When the singularity index σ becomes larger than one, adiabatic approximation breaks down. Two-level models are used to substantiate our theory. 相似文献
953.
The value of intrinsic chlorophyll fluorescence polarization, and the intensity in emission spectrum were investigated in
leaf segments of Alocasia macrorrhiza under several stress conditions including different temperatures (25–50°C), various concentrations of NaCl (0–250 mM), methyl
viologen (MV, 0–25 μM), SDS (0–1.0%) and NaHSO3 (0–80 μM). Fluorescence emission spectrum of leaves at wavelength regions of 500–800 nm was monitored by excitation at 436 nm.
The value of fluorescence polarization (P value), as result of energy transfer and mutual orientation between chlorophyll molecules, was determined by excitation at
436 nm and emission at 685 nm. The results showed that elevated temperature and concentrations of salt (NaCl), photooxidant
(MV), surfactant (SDS) and simulated SO2 (NaHSO3) treatments all induced a reduction of fluorescence polarization to various degrees. However, alteration of the fluorescence
spectrum and emission intensity of F685 and F731 depended on the individual treatment. Increase in temperature and concentration of NaHSO3 enhanced fluorescence intensity mainly at F685, while an increase in MV concentration led to a decrease at both F685 and F731. On the contrary, NaCl and SDS did not cause remarkable change in fluorescence spectrum. Among different treatments, the
negative correlation between polarization and fluorescence intensity was found with NaHSO3 treatments only. We concluded that P value being measured with intrinsic chlorophyll fluorescence as probe in leaves is a susceptible indicator responding to
changes in environmental conditions. The alteration of P value and fluorescence intensity might not always be shown a functional relation pattern. The possible reasons of differed
response to various treatments were discussed. 相似文献
954.
Agkisacutacin isolated from the venom of Agkistrodon acutus is a coagulation factor IX / coagulation factor X-binding protein with marked anticoagulant- and platelet-modulating activities.
Ca2+ ion-induced stabilization and refolding of Agkisacutacin have been studied by following fluorescent measurements. Ca2+ ions not only increase the structural stability of agkisacutacin against GdnHCl denaturation, but also induce its refolding.
The GdnHCl-induced unfolding of the apo-agkisacutacin and the purified agkisacutacin is a single-step process with no detectable
intermediate state. Ca2+ ions play an important role in the stabilization of the structure of agkisacutacin. Ca2+-stabilized agkisacutacin exhibits higher resistance to GdnHCl denaturation than the apo-agkisacutacin. It is possible to
induce refolding of the unfolded apo-agkisacutacin merely by adding 1 mM Ca2+ ions without changing the concentration of the denaturant. The kinetic result of Ca2+-induced refolding provides evidences for that agkisacutacin consists of at least two refolding phases and the first phase
of Ca2+-induced refolding should involve the formation of the compact Ca2+-binding site regions, and subsequently, the protein undergoes further conformational rearrangements to form the native structure. 相似文献
955.
Wang HQ Huang ZL Liu TC Wang JH Cao YC Hua XF Li XQ Zhao YD 《Journal of fluorescence》2007,17(2):133-138
Multicolor encoded beads were achieved by incorporating two color core-shell quantum dots (QDs) (CdSe/ZnS) to commercial polystyrene
(PS) beads. By controlling the concentration ratios of the two quantum dots (QDs) in doping solutions, a series of codes with
different intensity ratios were obtained. Based on the multiple encoded carboxylic modified polystyrene beads, fluorescent
dyes labeled antibodies were distinguished successfully on the beads’ surface. It suggests that the encoded beads from this
method have the practicability in biological applications and chemical analysis.
Hai-Qiao Wang and Zhen-Li Huang authors contribute equally to this work 相似文献
956.
聚苯胺/钡铁氧体复合材料的制备及电磁性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
"采用原位掺杂聚合法,将聚苯胺对粒径在60~80 nm的M型钡铁氧体颗粒(BaFe12O19)进行包覆,得到了具有导电性和磁性的复合材料.通过X射线衍射、傅利叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜等测试手段对材料的形貌和结构进行了表征.结果表明:PANI链段与BaFe12O19颗粒之间存在着作用力.使用振动磁强计和四探针法测定了复合材料的磁性能与电性能,其中50%复合材料的饱和磁化强度为22.2 emu/g,电导率为0.069 S/cm." 相似文献
957.
Saijie Wang Zhijian Liu Sen Wu Hongyan Sun Wu Zeng Jintao Wei Zixiao Fan Zhuohang Sui Liankun Liu Xinxiang Pan 《Electrophoresis》2021,42(21-22):2223-2229
To improve the accuracy and efficiency of ships’ ballast water detection, the separation of microalgae according to size is significant. In this article, a method to separate microalgae based on inertia-enhanced pinched flow fractionation (iPFF) was reported. The method utilized the inertial lift force induced by flow to separate microalgae according to size continuously. The experimental results show that, as the Reynolds number increases, the separation effect becomes better at first, but then stays unchanged. The best separation effect can be obtained when the Reynolds number is 12.3. In addition, with the increase of the flow rate ratio between sheath fluid and microalgae mixture, the separation effect becomes better and the best separation effect can be obtained when the flow rate ratio reaches 10. In this case, the recovery rate of Tetraselmis sp. is about 90%, and the purity is about 86%; the recovery rate of Chlorella sp. is as high as 99%, and the purity is about 99%. After that, the separation effect keeps getting better but very slowly. In general, this study provides a simple method for the separation of microalgae with different sizes, and lays a foundation for the accurate detection of microalgae in the ballast water. 相似文献
958.
Transition Metal Chemistry - A Cu(II) coordination polymer, [Cu2(pztrz)2(μ-CH3COO)(CH3COO)]·3H2O (1), derived from mono-substituted 1,2,4-triazole derivative 3-(pyrazinyl)-1,2,4-triazole... 相似文献
959.
Rui Hong Yi-Xin Jiang Jie Leng Ming-Jin Liu Kai-Zhi Shen Qiang Fu Jie Zhang 《高分子科学》2021,39(6):756-769
General-purpose plastics with high strength and toughness have been in great demand for structural engineering applications. To achieve the reinforcement and broaden the application scope of high-density polyethylene(HDPE), multi-flow vibration injection molding(MFVIM) and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) are synergistically employed in this work. Herein, the MFVIM has better shear layer control ability and higher fabrication advantage for complex parts than other analogous novel injection molding technologies reported.The reinforcing effect of various filling times and UHMWPE contents as well as the corresponding microstructure evolution are investigated.When 5 wt% UHMWPE is added, MFVIM process with six flow times thickens the shear layer to the whole thickness. The tensile strength and modulus increase to 2.14 and 1.39 times, respectively, compared to neat HDPE on the premise of remaining 70% impact strength. Structural characterizations indicate that the enhancement is attributed to the improvement of shish-kebab content and lamellae compactness, as well as related to the corresponding size distributions of undissolved UHMWPE particles. This novel injection molding technology with great industrial prospects provides a facile and effective strategy to broaden the engineering applications of HDPE materials. Besides, excessive UHMWPE may impair the synergistic enhancement effect, which is also reasonably explained. 相似文献
960.
Zhiguo Lu Xiangyu Wang Tianlu Zhang Luyao Zhang Jun Yang Yan Li Jie Shen Jianze Wang Yunwei Niu Zuobing Xiao Guiying Liu Xin Zhang 《中国化学快报》2021,31(12):3139-3142
Silk has been widely used in the clothing industry due to their soft and smooth features, good biocompatibility, good heat dissipation, warmth and ultraviolet resistance. The application of fragrance to silk can significantly improve the performance of silk. However, there are two key scientific problems that need to be solved: slowing down the release rate of fragrances and increasing the scent lasting time of silk. In this study, cationic and temperature-sensitive liposomes were designed and prepared to encapsulate eugenol. These fragrance-loaded liposomes significantly slowed down the release rate of the fragrance and controlled the release rate of the fragrance in a thermo-sensitive manner. The liposomes adhered to the silk through electrostatic adsorption interaction. The positive charge on the fragrance-loaded liposomes neutralized much negative charge on silk and thereby increasing the adhesion efficiency. 相似文献