Homologous series of redox-active, dinuclear cations [M(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(pynp)(2)](2+) (M = Mo, Ru, Rh) with the bridging ligand 2-(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine (pynp)

A homologous series of dinuclear compounds with the bridging ligand 2-(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine (pynp) has been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallographic and spectroscopic methods. [Mo(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(pynp)(2)][BF(4)](2) x 3CH(3)CN (1) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 15.134(5) A, b = 14.301(6) A, c = 19.990(6) A, beta = 108.06(2) degrees, V = 4113(3) A(3), and Z = 4. [Ru(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(pynp)(2)][PF(6)](2) x 2CH(3)OH (2) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 14.2228(7) A, b = 20.3204(9) A, c = 14.1022(7) A, beta = 95.144(1) degrees, V = 4059.3(3) A(3), and Z = 4. [Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(pynp)(2)][BF(4)](2) x C(7)H(8) (3) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 13.409(2) A, b = 21.670(3) A, c = 13.726(2) A, beta = 94.865(2) degrees, V = 3973.9(8) A(3), and Z = 4. A minor product, [Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(pynp)(2)(CH(3)CN)(2)][BF(4)][PF(6)] x 2CH(3)CN (4), was isolated from the mother liquor after crystals of 3 had been harvested; this compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group, P1 with a = 12.535(3) A, b = 13.116(3) A, c = 13.785(3) A, alpha = 82.52(3) degrees, beta = 77.70(3) degrees, gamma = 85.76(3) degrees, V = 2193.0(8) A(3), and Z = 2. Compounds 1-3 constitute a convenient series for probing the influence of the electronic configuration on the extent of mixing of the M-M orbitals with the pi system of the pynp ligand. Single point energy calculations performed on 1-3 at the B3LYP level of theory lend insight into the bonding in these compounds and allow for correlations to be made with electronic spectral data. Although purely qualitative in nature, the values for normalized change in orbital energies (NCOE) of the frontier orbitals before and after reduction are in agreement with the observed differences in reduction potentials as determined by cyclic voltammetry.     

Amidrazones 11. Rearrangement of 1-allyl-substituted-4,5-dihydro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolium bromides

1-Methyl-2-(2-propenyl)-3-pyrazolidinimine ( 5 ) was obtained by treatment of 3-amino-4,5-dihydro-1-methyl- 1-(2-propenyl)-1H-pyrazolium bromide ( 4 ) with ethanolic sodium ethoxide. Similar treatment of the analogous 2-(2-butenyl) and 2-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-substituted salts 12 and 15 gave 1-methyl-2-(1-methyl-2-propenyl)-3- pyrazolidinimine ( 13 ) and 1-methyl-2-(1-phenyl-1-propenyl)-3-pyrazolidinimine ( 16 ) respectively.     

Physico-chemical properties of Chitosan films

Chitosan films obtained by dry phase inversion were prepared from an aqueous solution of chitosan in acetic acid. The films, of thickness less than 20 μm, were transparent, very flexible and had smooth surfaces. Increasing the film thickness induced an increase of the internal tensions and the consequent formation of a rough surface. Structural investigations by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform IR analysis, showed that the chitosan films, as prepared, are amorphous. Further annealing to evaporate acetic acid and water traces, changed the amorphous phase into a more ordered phase, characterized by diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 9, 17, 20 and 23 degrees. Thermal investigations by TG, DTG, and DTA revealed that the decomposition of the chitosan films as prepared proceeds in two stages, starting from 180°C and 540°C.     

硼化合物研究——ⅩⅪ.H[B12H11NH2COR]与Ln2O3的反应——一类新型的含硼希土(Ⅲ)化合物的合成

将硼烷衍生物(C_2H_5)_4NB_(12)H_(11)NH_2COR[R=-CH-3,—CH=CH_2]经离子交换而得到的酸H[B_(12)H_(11)NH_2COR]与希土氧化物作用,制得一系列分子式为L-n[B_(12)H_(11)NH_2COR]_3·5H_2O的化合物,再用氧化吡啶(pyO)与上述化合物反应,就得到了分子式为[Ln(pyO)_6](B_(12)H_(11)NH_2COR)_3的新型化合物。     

Determination of Nucleic Acid at Nanogram Levels with Manganese-Tetrasulfonatophthalocyanine Sensitized by Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Using a Resonance Light-Scattering Technique

This is the first report on the determination of deoxyribonucleic acids based on the enhancement of resonance light-scattering (RLS) of manganese-tetrasulfonatophthalocyanine (MnTSPc) by DNA and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB). Under the conditions of pH 10.6011.85 and an ionic strength of 0.01molL^–1 (NaCl), the interaction of MnTSPc with DNA sensitized by CTMAB results in enhanced RLS signals at 314nm, 346.2nm, 452.6nm and 494.4nm in the enhanced regions. It was found that the enhanced RLS intensity at 346.2nm was proportional to the concentration of DNA in the suitable ranges. The limits of detection were 11.3ngmL^–1 for fsDNA and 22.9ngmL^–1 for ctDNA when the concentration of MnTSPc was chosen to be 2.0×10^–6molL^–1. This method was simple, rapid, and the dye (MnTSPc) was easily synthetized, inexpensive, and stable. We applied it to the determination of DNA in synthetic samples with satisfactory results.Received November 4, 2002; accepted January 18, 2003 Published online July 16, 2003     

Intramolecular Site Exchange of Carbonyl Ligands in the Cluster Compounds Nonacarbonyl{μ3-[η3-(1,3,5-trithiane)]}triruthenium ([Ru3(CO)9{μ3-(η3-C3H6S3)}]) and (tert-Butyl Isocyanide)octacarbonyl-{μ3-[η3-(1,3,5-trithiane)]}triruthenium ([Ru3(t-BuNC)(CO)8{μ3-(η3-C3H6S3)}])

Variable-temperature and -pressure ¹³C-NMR studies of the 1,3,5-trithiane-capped triruthenium clusters [Ru₃(CO)₉{μ₃-(η³-1,3,5-trithiane)}] ( 1 ) and [Ru₃(t-BuNC)(CO)₈{μ₃-(η³-1,3,5-trithiane)}] ( 2 ) revealed that CO site exchanges occur via an intramolecular merry-go-round process, involving a transition state mostly dissociative in character.     

Syntheses and thermal reactivities of tetradentate metalloenediynes of Cu(II) and Zn(II)

The syntheses and Bergman cyclization temperatures of disubstituted tetradentate enediyne ligands based on a dibenzylethylenediamine backbone are reported relative to the corresponding Cu(II) and Zn(II) analogues. For these compounds, the R-groups dimethylamine (dma), pyridine (py), quinoline (quin), and 3-oxypyridine (pyO) have been symmetrically and asymmetrically incorporated at the alkyne termini positions directly (0:0) or via a methylene spacer (1:0, 0:1, 1:1). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) reveals that all Cu(II) complexes are monomeric with near axial symmetry and g-values (g(x) approximately 2.04, g(y) approximately 2.09 g(z) approximately 2.25) representative of tetragonal Cu(II) geometries. The hyperfine splitting parameter A(z) values are approximately 170 x 10(-)(4) cm(-)(1), which is consistent with distorted 4-coordinate, or weakly 6-coordinate, structures. In contrast, solution conductivity measurements show that Zn(II) complexes with rigid py or quin ligands (e.g., py-py 0:0, py-quin 0:0) behave as 1:4 electrolytes indicative of dimeric, bridging enediyne structures. Consequently, these Zn(II) complexes have very high Bergman cyclization temperatures (>290 degrees C), while their less rigid, 1:1 analogues (<185 degrees C) and monomeric Cu(II) counterparts (110-136 degrees C) have markedly lower cyclization temperatures. The results underscore the important consequences metal center structure plays in influencing Bergman cyclization temperatures of metalloenediynes.     

Analysis of DNA restriction fragments and polymerase chain reaction products by capillary electrophoresis

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a new, high-resolution tool for the analysis of DNA restriction fragments and DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By combining many of the principles of traditional slab gel methods in a capillary format, it is possible to perform molecular size determinations of human and plant PCR amplification products and DNA restriction fragments. DNA restriction fragments and PCR products were analyzed by dynamic sieving electrophoresis (DSE) and capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE). As part of this study, sample preparation procedures, injection modes, and the use of molecular mass markers were evaluated. Optimum separations were performed using the uPage-3 (3% T, 3% C) CGE columns with UV detection at 260 nm. Membrane dialysis and ultrafiltration/centrifugation proved to be nearly equivalent methods of sample preparation. Reproducibility studies demonstrated that blunt-ended, non-phosphorylated markers (specifically allele generated markers) provide the most accurate calibration for PCR product analysis. This study demonstrates that CE offers a high-speed, high-resolution analytical method for accurately determining molecular size and/or allelic type as compared with traditional methodologies.     

High-field EPR investigation of a series of mononuclear Mn(II) complexes doped into Zn(II) hosts

The five-coordinate mono-halide mononuclear Zn(II) complexes [Zn(tpa)X]⁺ (tpa = tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine; X = I ([Zn(tpa)I]I; 1a), Br ([Zn(tpa)Br](ZnBr₄)_0.5; 2a) and Cl ([Zn(tpa)Cl](ZnCl₄)_0.5; 3a)) and the six-coordinate mononuclear complex [Zn(tpa)(NCS)₂] (4a) have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The [Zn(tpa)X]⁺ complexes doped with the corresponding [Mn(tpa)X₂] complexes (X = I (1b), Br (2b) and Cl (3b)) have been synthesized and their electronic properties investigated by multifrequency high field EPR (HF-EPR) (95–285 GHz). The magnetically diluted conditions allow the determination of the hyperfine coupling constant A (A = 68.10⁻⁴ cm⁻¹ for 1b–3b). The zero-field splitting parameters (D and E) found for 1b–3b are comparable to those found for neat samples of the [Mn(tpa)X₂] complexes (1b: D = 0.635 cm⁻¹, E/D = 0.189; 2b: D = 0.360 cm⁻¹, E/D = 0.192; 3b: D = 0.115 cm⁻¹, E/D = 0.200). The efficacy of using multifrequency EPR under dilute conditions to precisely determine spin Hamiltonian parameters is discussed.     

二维无机－有机杂化层网骨架晶体的合成与结构

在温和条件下合成了二维层网结构的无机－有机杂化晶体Zn(BDC)(C_3H_3N_2) ·(DMF)(1)和Co_2(BDC)_2(C_5H_5N)_4·2(DMF)·(C_5H_5N)·(C_5H_5N) (2)，并 通过ICP和X射线单晶衍射分析等手段对其结构进行了表征。1的晶胞数据：C_(14) H_(14)N_3O_5Zn, M_r = 369.65，单斜晶系，C2/c空间群，晶胞参数a = 2.1059 (4) nm, c = 1.4836(3) nm, β = 99.09(3)°，V = 3.1826(11) nm~3, Z = 4, D_X = 1.543 Mg/m~3, μ = 1.571 mm~(-1), F(000) = 1512。最后的一致性因子 为R = 0.0697, R_w = 0.2018。2的晶胞数据：C_(47)H_(47)N_7O_(10)Co_2, M_r = 987.78，单斜晶系，P2(1)/n空间群，晶胞参数a = 1.0829(2) nm, b = 1. 5431(3) nm, c = 1.4428(3) nm, β = 101.65(3)°，V = 2.3612(8) nm~3, Z = 2, D_X = 1.391 Mg/m~3, μ = 0.767 mm~(-1), F(000) = 1024。最后的一致性 因子为R = nm, β = 101.65(3)°, V = 2.3612(8) nm~3, Z = 2, D_X = 1.391 Mg/m~3, μ = 0.767 mm~(-1), F(000) = 1024。最后的一致性因子为R = 0. 0652，R_w = 0.1888。1和2的结构都是由无机簇M_2(CO_2)_4(M = Zn, Co)通过苯 环连接而形成的层网结构。它们都存在由4个无机簇与4个苯环形成的环，其大小约 为0.9 nm * 0.9 nm。由于咪唑和吡啶分别与1和2无机簇的两极配位，阻止了它们 形成三维骨架结构。