Transition from strong-field sequential to nonsequential double ionization at near-infrared wavelengths and low intensities

Within a quantum-mechanical model, we investigate strong-field double ionization of a model helium atom by near-infrared, linearly polarized laser pulses at intensities far below the recollision threshold. The quantum simulations show a clear mechanism change from sequential to nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) as the laser intensity increases. For NSDI, the two-electron correlated momentum distribution exhibits a strong final-state Coulomb repulsion effect for high-energy photoelectrons, but absent for low-energy photoelectrons. This repulsion effect is ascribed to field double ionization from doubly-excited states populated by recollision of the first ionized electron when it returns to the parent ion. Such recollision-induced excited states are absent at ultraviolet wavelengths due to the very low returning kinetic energies, resulting to the absence of final-state repulsion effect in NSDI.     

Global Existence and Decay Rates of the Solutions Near Maxwellian for Non-linear Fokker–Planck Equations

In this paper, we study the global existence and decay rates of the solutions near Maxwellian for non-linear Fokker–Planck equations in the whole space. The global existence is proved by combining uniform-in-time energy estimates with local solution constructed by Picard type iteration sequence. The decay rates of the nonlinear model is obtained by using the precise spectral analysis of the linearized Fokker–Planck operator as well as the energy method. The nonlinearity in the model brings new difficulty to the energy estimates, which is resolved by additional tailored weighted-in-v energy estimates suitable for Fokker–Planck operators.     

Fidelity-Based Ant Colony Algorithm with Q-learning of Quantum System

International Journal of Theoretical Physics - Quantum ant colony algorithm (ACA) has potential applications in quantum information processing, such as solutions of traveling salesman problem,...     

Al掺杂对Mg_2Si介电性质影响的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法,计算了本征Mg_2Si和Al掺杂Mg_2Si的形成能、电子结构和介电函数.结果表明,Al掺杂Mg_2Si后,Al以替位杂质(Al替Mg位,即AlMg)或填隙杂质(Al位于晶胞间隙位,即Ali)的形式进入Mg_2Si晶格.费米能级进入导带,体系呈n型导电.掺杂后体系的介电函数的实部和虚部在低频时比未掺杂时均增大,主要是由于晶格中的施主杂质Al离子束缚着附近的过剩电子,在外加交变电场的作用下,束缚在Al离子周围的电子要克服一定的势垒不断地往复运动造成松弛极化和损耗.另外,掺杂体系相对于未掺杂体系,介电函数的虚部在0.5 eV附近出现了一个额外的介电峰,该峰主要是由电子从价带跃迁到Al杂质能级引起的.计算结果为Mg_2Si基光电子器件的设计和应用提供了理论依据.     

GaN基薄膜半导体材料不同非线性效应的竞争关系

采用金属有机化合物化学气相沉积方法生长了未掺杂GaN,p型Mg掺杂GaN,InGaN/GaN多量子阱等薄膜半导体材料,研究了其在800 nm飞秒激光激发下的非线性光学性质.实验结果表明,在800 nm飞秒激光激发下,多光子荧光、二次谐波等非线性光学信号之间存在着竞争关系,反映出不同非线性光学信号对激发光的能量分配存在着竞争,并通过其非线性光学信号强度与激发强度之间的依赖关系进行了验证.同时,本文对其竞争机理进行了初步探究.     

Seed-mediated synthesis of acanthosphere-like gold microstructures with tunable LSPR in the NIR region using gemini surfactants as directing agents for SERS applications

Acanthosphere-like gold microstructures (AGMs) were synthesized using a facile, two-step, seed-mediated method and butanediyl-1,4-bis(dimethylhexadecylammonium bromide) (16-4-16) as a structure-directing agent. The morphologies and sizes of the products were controlled during the synthesis process by adjusting the concentrations of 16-4-16, the AgNO₃ feed, HAuCl₄, ascorbic acid, the amount of Ag seeds and the types of gemini surfactants used through systematic inquiry; particle sizes ranging from 130 to 800 nm were well prepared. Correspondingly, the morphology of the products changed between regular and irregular AGMs, and the products presented a number of new morphologies, such as open-mouthed submicrostructures and ribbon nanowires. In particular, with the increase in the 16-4-16 concentration, the structural morphology of the thorns clearly changed from a tip to a lamellar structure. A UV-vis spectroscopic analysis indicated that the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak of the AGMs could be adjusted by changing the above factors, which extended from 500 to 1350 nm in the near-infrared (NIR) region, enabling a tremendous potential for using the AGMs as platforms for various biomedical applications. Based on the intermediate products, we propose a two-stage growth mechanism for the AGMs in which their solid cores and tips are generated successively. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements indicate that the AGMs can serve as sensitive SERS substrates; a SERS detection limit of 5 × 10^?7 M is presented for rhodamine B molecules.

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航天器热试验查询统计系统的设计与实现

针对航天器真空热试验数据量大、数据利用率不高的特点,提出了一种基于数据库的试验数据查询统计方法方法,以改善现有的以文件系统为主的数据存储模式;通过对试验数据格式的分析和现有工作流程的优化,将试验数据查询系统分为系统管理、试验管理、策略管理和统计分析等四个大的功能模块,利用过滤算法自动生成试验工况点信息,并通过试验工况点自动生成单次试验的统计报告,进而实现对所有试验数据的综合查询统计功能;目前系统已应用于航天器热试验任务中,经过测试,系统功能和性能指标满足试验需求,解决了实际问题。     

低阈值单横模852nm半导体激光器

基于波导理论、等效折射率方法,设计并制备了非对称波导隔离双沟结构脊型边发射激光器,最终获得了低闽值单基侧模852 nm激光器.详细研究了不同脊型台深宽比参数设计对激光器侧向模式特性的影响规律,实现了腔面未镀膜情况下脊型波导边发射激光器的单基侧模稳定输出,同时激射波长可以精确调谐到852 nm;工作电流达到150 mA,工作温度30℃;斜率效率最高可达0.89 nW/mA,光谱半宽小于1 nm.研究结果为进一步实现超窄线宽激光器提供了参考和借鉴,并且为实现激光器稳定输出提供了实验基础.     

掺钕微球的受激辐射激光和自受激拉曼散射

采用溶胶-凝胶法在SiO_2微球表面覆盖上一薄层Nd~(3+)掺杂SiO_2,并经电极放电熔融后形成表面光滑的高Q值微球.采用锥光纤将808 nm的抽运激光耦合入钕离子掺杂的高Q值微球形成回廊模,激发产生了1080—1097 nm波段受激辐射激光.由于所产生的激光有足够高的功率密度,在高Q SiO_2微球中激发产生了波长为1120—1143 nm一级自受激拉曼散射激光.推导了锥光纤掺钕微球组合的自受激拉曼散射的输出功率和阈值公式.描述了输出激光的特性:阈值、输出功率、线宽、边模抑制比.     

一种基于双波长的光声测温技术

光声测温是一种利用光声效应来进行温度监控的新方法,具有非侵入式、高灵敏度和探测深度较深等优点.但现有的单波长光声测温方法极易受到系统及测量环境干扰而导致测量精度降低.为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种双波长光声温度测量方法.在光声测温理论的基础上,分析推导了双波长光声测温的基本原理,并进行了仿体及离体组织样品的双波长光声测温实验.实验结果显示,与传统单波长模式相比,双波长模式下的光声温度测量误差明显减小,测量精度平均提高35%以上.研究结果表明双波长光声测温方法能够有效提高光声温度测量的精度和稳定性,可作为一种更精准的光声温度监控方法应用于医疗手术等领域.