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921.
Dongmei Wang Xiaojiao Song Yin Duan Liang Xu Jing Zhou Hongquan Duan 《Electrophoresis》2013,34(9-10):1339-1342
Polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles coated by BSA, hereafter denoted as PS/BSA, were prepared and chemically immobilized for the first time onto a capillary inner wall for open‐tubular CEC (OTCEC). EOF and scanning electron micrography were used to characterize the prepared nanoparticle‐coated capillaries. To investigate the performance of the prepared columns in OTCEC, chiral separation of d ,l ‐tryptophan (dl ‐Trp) was performed in monolayer BSA‐modified capillary and PS/BSA nanoparticle‐coated columns. The results indicated that the nanoparticle‐modified column afforded a higher resolution compared with the monolayer type. Rapid enantioseparation of dl ‐Trp (within 3 min) was achieved with the PS/BSA‐immobilized column using an electroosmotic pump‐assisted CEC. Enantiomer separations of other compounds like dl ‐tyrosine and warfarin were also achieved with the column. Besides, run‐to‐run and column‐to‐column repeatabilities of the PS/BSA‐coated column in the chiral separation were systematically introduced. 相似文献
922.
Inspired by the idea of charge decomposition in calculation of the dipole preserving and polarization consistent charges (Zhang et al., J. Comput. Chem. 2011, 32, 2127), we have proposed a numerically stable restrained electrostatic potential (ESP)‐based charge fitting method for protein. The atomic charge is composed of two parts. The dominant part is fixed to a predefined value (e.g., AMBER charge), and the residual part is to be determined by restrained fitting to residual ESP on grid points around the molecule. Nonuniform weighting factors as a function of the dominant charge are assigned to the atoms. Because the residual part is several folds to several orders smaller than the dominant part, the impact of ill‐conditioning is alleviated. This charge fitting method can be used in quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) simulations and similar studies, where QM calculated electronic properties are frequently mapped to partial atomic charges. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
923.
Jian-Zhong Jiang Li-Ting Lu Zheng-Yong Liang Zheng-Gang Cui 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(1):125-127
Highly regiospecific mononitration of phenols and substituted phenols was carried out in TX100-based microemulsion. The use of inexpensive and relatively nontoxic acidic reagent is an advantage of this method. The effect of various parameters such as concentration of NaNO3, temperature, and agitation speed on reaction system have been investigated. Exclusive ortho-selectivity was observed for all the phenols subjected to this protocol. 相似文献
924.
Xizhi Yang Lijun Ji Chan Zhang Ji Liang 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(8):1164-1168
CVD‐grown multiwall carbon nanotubes are dispersed in styrene monomer. During the polymerization of styrene, an AC electric field is applied to induce the CNTs to align along the electric field line to form a macroscopic nanotube network in polystyrene matrix. The dielectrophoresis force and the electric field redistribution at the CNTs apexes are responsible for alignment of the CNTs as well as bonding between the CNTs. Parameters such as field strength and nanotube weight fraction are varied. The results indicate that the macroscopic CNTs alignment along electric field direction can be observed only if the AC voltage reaches or is higher than certain values, and the higher the electric field frequency is, the more uniformly the CNTs align along electric field direction. In addition, nanotube concentration also affects the alignment of CNTs. According to the results of this study, the CNTs will align into a developed network in polystyrene matrix under a proper combination of three parameters of the electric field voltage, frequency, and the CNTs concentration. 相似文献
925.
小球藻热裂解油催化加氢精制研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以Ni-Co-Pd/γ-Al2O3为催化剂,在固定床反应器中研究了小球藻热裂解油的催化加氢精制。在较低加氢压力(2×106 Pa)下考察了加氢温度和氢油比(体积比)对精制生物油的含水率、热值、运动黏度和十六烷值等参数的影响,并对加氢前后油品进行了元素分析和GC-MS分析。结果表明,在2×106 Pa压力下,氢油比为120:1,温度为300 ℃时,精制油收率达89.6%,热值和十六烷值较加氢前分别增加了17.94%和71.2%,黏度下降66.32%。元素分析和GC-MS分析表明,精制生物油的H/C原子比由1.55提高至1.97,氧、氮、硫含量明显降低,脱氧率达到80.46%。精制油中的有机酸、酯、酮、醛的含量明显降低,烷烃和醇醚含量明显增加。 相似文献
926.
为掌握生物质中钾对生物质超临界水降解过程的影响,选择生物质气化转化过程中生成的重要小分子中间产物甲醛作为研究对象,研究不同工艺条件下(反应温度400~650℃、压力23~29 MPa、停留时间4~12 s),单一钾成分(KHCO3/K2CO3/KCl)或混合钾成分(KHCO3、K2CO3、KCl)对甲醛超临界水降解气体产物的影响。结果表明,KHCO3、K2CO3、KCl、混合钾均降低了气体产物中CO的体积分数,提高了CO2的体积分数,但KCl的影响程度弱于其他三种钾成分。此外,由于不同钾成分均不利于气体产物中CO和H2体积分数的提高,从而使得气体产物的热值降低。KHCO3、K2CO3、KCl、混合钾均降低了H2、CO、CO2的产率以及气化率,其对H2产率以及气化率的抑制程度从大到小依次为:混合钾、KHCO3、K2CO3、KCl,且提高反应温度、延长反应停留时间时抑制气体生成的作用相对越明显。而当反应压力改变时,钾成分对H2产率及气化率的影响程度变化较小。较高反应温度、较高反应压力、较长停留时间时,混合钾中各成分出现协同作用,明显抑制了气体产物的生成。 相似文献
927.
碳酸钾催化的铁基氧载体煤催化化学链燃烧 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了K2CO3催化剂及惰性担体对铁基氧载体煤化学链燃烧的影响.实验结果表明,K2CO3的添加可明显促进铁基氧载体与煤之间的反应速率,其原因可归结为从氧载体上迁移到煤颗粒上的K2CO3对煤-CO2气化步骤的催化作用(该步骤为整个还原过程的速率控制步骤);由于K2CO3本身的促熔效果及加入K2CO3后导致的剧烈氧化还原反应,可以发现,K2CO3会增大铁基氧载体的烧结;不同惰性担体对铁基氧载体与煤的反应性影响不大,这是由于惰性担体对还原速控步没有影响;K2CO3在多循环化学链燃烧过程中依然可以保持一定的催化活性,另外由于催化剂的流失与失活,使得氧载体的反应活性有所下降. 相似文献
928.
To improve the performances of HDPE-based separators, polyether chains were incorporated into HDPE membranes by blending with poly(ethylene-block-ethylene glycol) (PE-b-PEG) via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process. By measuring the composition, morphology, crystallinity, ion conductivity, etc, the influence of PE-b-PEG on structures and properties of the blend separator were investigated. It was found that the incorporated PEG chains yielded higher surface energy for HDPE separator and improved affinity to liquid electrolyte. Thus, the stability of liquid electrolyte trapped in separator was increased while the interfacial resistance between separator and electrode was reduced effectively. The ionic conductivity of liquid electrolyte soaked separator could reach 1.28 × 10-3 S.cm-1 at 25℃, and the electrochemical stability window was up to 4.5 V (versus Li + /Li). These results revealed that blending PE-b-PEG into porous HDPE membranes could efficiently improve the performances of PE separators for lithium batteries. 相似文献
929.
以含巯基官能团有机硅烷修饰的介孔材料MCM-41和SBA-15为载体, 采用浸渍-氢气还原法制备了高分散和高活性的负载型Pd催化剂. X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附和透射电子显微镜表征结果显示, 所制Pd催化剂Pd-SH-MCM-41和Pd-SH-SBA-15具有很好的长程有序结构、分布均匀的孔径、高比表面积及高度分散的Pd颗粒. 苯酚加氢反应结果表明, 以Pd-SH-MCM-41和Pd-SH-SBA-15为催化剂时, 在80℃, 1.0MPa反应1h, 苯酚转化率达99%以上, 环己酮选择性为98%. 它们的催化活性为商业Pd/C催化剂的5倍, Pd/MCM-41和Pd/SBA-15催化剂的3倍. 这可归因于介孔材料表面修饰的巯基官能团对Pd的锚定作用, 避免了Pd颗粒的团聚, 使其高度分散在介孔材料上. 相似文献
930.