Cloning,Expression, Purification,and Characterization of β-Galactosidase from Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum

Expression and purification of β-galactosidases derived from Bifidobacterium provide a new resource for efficient lactose hydrolysis and lactose intolerance alleviation. Here, we cloned and expressed two β-galactosidases derived from Bifidobacterium. The optimal pH for BLGLB1 was 5.5, and the optimal temperature was 45 °C, at which the enzyme activity of BLGLB1 was higher than that of commercial enzyme E (300 ± 3.6 U/mg) under its optimal conditions, reaching 2200 ± 15 U/mg. The optimal pH and temperature for BPGLB1 were 6.0 and 45 °C, respectively, and the enzyme activity (0.58 ± 0.03 U/mg) under optimum conditions was significantly lower than that of BLGLB1. The structures of the two β-galactosidase were similar, with all known key sites conserved. When o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside (oNPG) was used as an enzyme reaction substrate, the maximum reaction velocity (V_max) for BLGLB1 and BPGLB1 was 3700 ± 100 U/mg and 1.1 ± 0.1 U/mg, respectively. The kinetic constant (K_m) of BLGLB1 and BPGLB1 was 1.9 ± 0.1 and 1.3 ± 0.3 mmol/L, respectively. The respective catalytic constant (k_cat) of BLGLB1 and BPGLB1 was 1700 ± 40 s⁻¹ and 0.5 ± 0.02 s⁻¹, respectively; the respective k_cat/K_m value of BLGLB1 and BPGLB1 was 870 L/(mmol∙s) and 0.36 L/(mmol∙s), respectively. The K_m, k_cat and V_max values of BLGLB1 were superior to those of earlier reported β-galactosidase derived from Bifidobacterium. Overall, BLGLB1 has potential application in the food industry.     

Removal of Carbamazepine in Aqueous Solution by CoS2/Fe2+/PMS Process

Carbamazepine (CBZ), as a typical pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP), cannot be efficiently removed by the conventional drinking water and wastewater treatment process. In this work, the CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS process was applied for efficient elimination of CBZ. The CBZ removal efficiency of CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS was 2.5 times and 23 times higher than that of CoS₂/PMS and Fe²⁺/PMS, respectively. The intensity of DMPO-HO• and DMPO-SO4•− followed the order of Fe²⁺/PMS < CoS₂/PMS < CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS, also suggesting the CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS process has the highest oxidation activity. The effects of reaction conditions (e.g., CoS₂ dosage, Fe²⁺ concentration, PMS concentration, initial CBZ concentration, pH, temperature) and water quality parameters (e.g., SO42−, NO3−, H2PO4−, Cl−, NH4+, humic acid) on the degradation of CBZ were also studied. Response surface methodology analysis was carried out to obtain the best conditions for the removal of CBZ, which are: Fe²⁺ = 70 µmol/L, PMS = 240 µmol/L, CoS₂ = 0.59 g/L. The sustainability test demonstrated that the repeated use of CoS₂ for 8 successive cycles resulted in little function decrease (<10%). These findings suggest that CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS may be a promising method for advanced treatment of tailwater from sewage treatment plant.     

通过锁相使一种过模复合器件运行频率稳定

 提出了一种过模复合器件。自洽地导出了由外电磁信号和预群聚电子束同时驱动的一种过模复合器件的辐射波相位锁定方程;讨论了到达锁相运行的时间、频率移动和带宽。分析表明：当由预群聚电子束和外电磁信号同时锁相时,通过调节参数,可以缩短到达锁相运行的时间,减小运行频率对要锁定的频率（外电磁信号频率）的移动和增大锁相运行的带宽。     

Phenoxazine-based supramolecular tetrahedron as biomimetic lectin for glucosamine recognition

The design and synthesis of a phenoxazine-based metal-organic tetrahedro n(Zn_4L_4) as biomimetic lectin for selectively recognition of glucosamine(GlcN) was reported.Different from the free phenoxazinebased ligand(L),Zn_4L_4 displayed the highest fluorescent intensity enhancement efficiency toward GlcN over other related natural mono-and disaccharides.Fluorescence titration demonstrated a 1:1 stoichiometric host-guest complex was formed with an association constant about 4.03 × 10~4 L/mol.~1H NMR spectroscopic studies confirmed this selectivity resulted from the multiple hydrogen bonding interactions formed between GlcN and Zn_4L_4.The present results suggested that rational arrangement of recognition sites in the confined space of metal-organic cage is crucial for the selectivity toward target guests.     

近江牡蛎受精细胞学研究

用醋酸──地衣红染色的方法对近江牡蛎人工授精的卵子减数分裂和受精过程进行了详细的细胞学观察．精子入卵前，卵子处于第一次减数分裂的前期（胚泡期），精子入卵后，胚泡消失，然后进行两次减数分裂，在海水温度为２８．８℃的情况下，授精后３３ｍｉｎ和４５ｍｉｎ，绝大部分受精卵已排出第一极体和第二极体，雄原核可在第一极体排出后及第二极体排出前任何时期内形成，雌雄原核以联合的方式将两组染色体合并，授精后１ｈ，大部分卵子完成第一次卵裂．在２５℃和２６℃授精的情况下，观察到了较多的多精入卵的现象．卵子发育的非同步性现象非常明显．     

淡水瓣鳃类鳃的扫描电镜观察

运用扫描电镜观察了圆顶珠蚌,褶纹冠蚌,背角无齿蚌,卵形尖嵴蚌及河蚬的鳃表面纤毛的分布,排列方式及细微形态结构,结果表明：这５种蚌的鳃表面都有前纤毛,侧纤毛和前侧纤毛。此餐,仅在河蚬鳃表面前纤毛和前侧纤毛之间,观察到一种新的纤毛结构－前触毛。这一结构可能在河蚬取食时起作用。     

Cr和W掺杂的单层MoS2电子结构的第一性原理研究

采用密度泛函理论框架下的第一性原理平面波赝势方法, 研究了Cr和W掺杂对单层二硫化钼(MoS₂)晶体的电子结构性质的影响. 计算结果表明: 当掺杂浓度较高时, W对MoS₂的能带结构几乎没有影响, 而Cr的掺杂则影响很大, 表现为能带由直接带隙变为间接带隙, 且禁带宽度减小. 通过进一步分析, 得出应力的产生是导致Cr掺杂的MoS₂电子结构变化的最直接的原因.     

一类非线性相对转动周期系统的平衡稳定性分析

利用一类周期性变系数线性常微分方程解的基本矩阵的Jordan形，分析一类非线性相对转动系统扭转的运动稳定性，从而得到非线性相对转动周期系统的运动稳定准则. 运用Lyapunov函数法，对广泛存在的一类机械传动系统的相对转动运动的平衡稳定位置的稳定域进行研究，并给出数学解析表达式. 这为工程中广泛存在的这类机械传动系统稳定工作区间工作参数的选取和相似模拟提供了理论依据及方法，据此可进一步分析和评价大型复杂旋转机械主传动系统的扭振稳定性. 关键词： 相对转动 相似模拟 运动稳定 平衡稳定     

不同进风型式下气体冷却服中空气流动与换热的研究

根据气体冷却服的特点,对不同进风型式下气体冷却服中空气流动与换热进行研究。建立了进气口加设挡板层、进气口带均流器型和直吹型3种型式气体冷却服(服装夹层)中冷却空气流动过程的数学模型。对气体的流动过程进行分析,结果表明:不同的进风型式对气体冷却服空气层的温度分布状况、平均气流流速、平均温度、对流散热量影响较大;其中进气口加设挡板层的服装空气夹层温度分布最均匀,进气直吹型的平均气流流速最大,对流散热效果最好。研究结果为气体冷却服进一步的布风优化设计提供了理论和应用依据。     

RP-HPLC测定罗勒中石吊兰素的含量

建立反相-高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定罗勒(Ocimum basilicumL.)中石吊兰素的含量。用Microsorb-M V 100-5C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇:1%醋酸=86:14(V/V)为流动相,流速为0.5mL/min,检测波长为335nm。石吊兰素浓度在0.27—32.4μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9999),方法平均回收率大于99%(n=9)。方法简单、可靠,可应用于罗勒植物中石吊兰素的含量测定。