Biosynthesis of trioxacarcin revealing a different starter unit and complex tailoring steps for type II polyketide synthase

Trioxacarcins (TXNs) are highly oxygenated, polycyclic aromatic natural products with remarkable biological activity and structural complexity. Evidence from ¹³C-labelled precursor feeding studies demonstrated that the scaffold was biosynthesized from one unit of l-isoleucine and nine units of malonyl-CoA, which suggested a different starter unit in the biosynthesis. Genetic analysis of the biosynthetic gene cluster revealed 56 genes encoding a type II polyketide synthase (PKS), combined with a large amount of tailoring enzymes. Inactivation of seven post-PKS modification enzymes resulted in the production of a series of new TXN analogues, intermediates, and shunt products, most of which show high anti-cancer activity. Structural elucidation of these new compounds not only helps us to propose the biosynthetic pathway, featuring a type II PKS using a novel starter unit, but also set the stage for further characterization of the enzymatic reactions and combinatorial biosynthesis.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Characterization of a New Zinc Citrate Complex

A new Zn-citrate coordination complex {K[Zn(C6H5O7)(H2O)]}n(1) was synthesized via hydrothermal reaction. In the crystal structure of complex 1, each citrate serves as the quadricdentate ligand coordinating to three Zn(II) ions, forming a zigzag chain, and such chains are further connected into a 3D network by the K+ linkers. Crystal data for complex 1: triclinic, space group P1, a = 7.3487(9), b = 7.5397(6), c = 9.6772(8) ?, α = 76.894(8), β = 68.260(10), γ = 65.155(10)°, V = 450.34(7) ?3 and Z = 2. Other characterizations by elemental analysis, IR, TG and fluorescence were also described.     

Mixed-Valence 24-Vanadophosphate Decorated with Six RuII(dmso)3 Groups: [{RuII3(dmso)9PVV11VIVRuIIIO37(OH)3}2]8?

The mixed-valence 24-vanadophosphate (1) has been synthesized and characterized in the solid state by IR, magnetism, EPR, XPS, and elemental analysis. Single-crystal X-ray analysis was carried out on (Na-1), which crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group , with a = 17.168(3) ?, b = 18.1971(14) ?, c = 20.1422(13) ?, α = 114.753(3)°, β = 99.390(4)°, γ = 95.124(4)°, and Z = 2. Polyanion 1 has an unusual, open structure composed of 2 Ru^IIIO₆ octahedra, 2 V^IVO₆ octahedra, 14 V^VO₅ square-pyramids, 8 V^VO₄ tetrahedra, and 2 PO₄ tetrahedra which are all directly linked via edges and corners. The outer surface of 1 is decorated with six Ru^II(dmso)₃ groups. XPS studies on Na-1 confirm the presence of 2 Ru^III and 6 Ru^II as well as 22 V^V and 2 V^IV centers. Magnetic susceptibility data on Na-1 show that the V^IV–Ru^III pairs are coupled antiferromagnetically, with J ₁ = −13 K and J ₂ ∼ −3 K. We did not detect any peak in our EPR measurements on Na-1, thus supporting the conclusion that Na-1 is diamagnetic in its ground state. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. In Memoriam Prof. F. A. Cotton     

Cu-Zn-Al-Zr合成二甲醚浆状催化剂的完全液相制备及表征

利用完全液相法,以不同加料顺序制备了Cu-Zn-Al-Zr浆状催化剂,采用X射线粉末衍射、氮吸附、程序升温还原、X射线光电子能谱和氨程序升温脱附对其进行了表征,考察了Cu-Zn-Al-Zr浆状催化剂在合成气一步法合成二甲醚反应中的催化性能。结果表明,不同加料顺序对催化剂性能有显著的影响; Zr与Al同时加入时,催化剂的活性组份分散均匀,易于还原,表面结构稳定,拥有与CuZnAl催化剂相似的强弱酸中心;当 Al/Zr=10/1时,催化剂的CO转化率和DME选择性与CuZnAl催化剂基本持平,但催化剂的流变性得到明显改善。     

超临界干燥法制备SiO2气凝胶的研究

通过溶胶－凝胶法和超临界干燥技术制得了ＳｉＯ２气凝胶，研究了溶液的ｐＨ值对凝胶时间及气凝胶密度的影响，应用ＸＲＤ、ＳＡＸＳ、ＴＥＭ和等方面对气凝胶样品的结构进行了初步研究，结果表明，ＳｉＯ２气凝胶是连续网络的非晶态纳米多孔固体，其基本粒子的平均直径约１０ｎｍ．     

制备条件对Cu2S光阴极性能的影响

制备了Cu2S纳米材料,研究了制备条件对Cu2S形貌及催化多硫离子还原性能的影响,并将最优条件下制备的Cu2S作为光阴极应用在量子点敏化太阳能电池上.在Cu2S的制作过程中,盐酸对铜片的预处理及铜片和多硫化钠溶液的反应是影响Cu2S性能的两个重要过程.研究结果表明:得到的Cu2S为纳米片组成的花瓣状结构,且随着盐酸浓度的增大和处理时间的延长,表面逐渐变得粗糙和多孔,这有利于增加其表面积,因此Cu2S和多硫电解质之间的界面电荷转移电阻逐渐减小.另外,铜和多硫化钠溶液反应生成Cu2S是一个非常快的过程,反应时间不宜过长,否则Cu2S膜会断裂.在保证Cu2S具有良好催化性能的前提下优化得到的最经济省时的制备条件是:盐酸的浓度为30%,预处理时间为40min,和多硫化钠反应的时间为10s.用此条件下制备的Cu2S作为光阴极组装成量子点敏化太阳能电池达到了4.01%高的光电转化效率.     

中温固体氧化物燃料电池复合阴极材料LaBiMn2O6-Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9的制备与电化学性质

采用甘氨酸燃烧法合成了LaBiMn_2O_6粉体,并与Sm_(0.2)Ce_(0.8)O_(1.9)均匀混合制备了LaBiMn_2O_6-Sm_(0.2)Ce_(0.8)O_(1.9)(LBM-SDC)复合阴极材料。利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对材料的物相及微观形貌进行分析,结果表明LBM与SDC在1 000℃下有良好的化学稳定性。SDC的复合增加了氧离子传导路径,进而使氧还原反应(ORR)速度加快。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试结果表明,复合阴极极化电阻(Rp)随SDC复合量的增加呈现先降低后升高的趋势,当复合量为30%(w/w)时,阴极材料的性能最优。在700℃空气气氛下的极化电阻为0.186Ω·cm~2,相对LBM(0.717Ω·cm~2)减少74%。氧分压测试结果表明阴极反应的速率控制步骤为氧分子的吸附-解离过程。以复合阴极构筑的电解质支撑单电池Ni-SDC/SDC/LBM-30%SDC在700℃的最大输出功率密度为234 mW·cm~(-2),连续测试90 h输出功率衰减约4%。     

Pc-carbon:一种可能的超硬碳材料

基于密度泛函理论计算预测了一种新型碳同素异形体（Pc-carbon）.声子色散谱和弹性常数计算证实了Pc-carbon的动力学和力学稳定性.计算结果显示，Pc-carbon是弹性各向异性的，其维氏硬度达到87.6 GPa.应力应变计算结果表明，Pc-carbon的理想拉伸强度和剪切强度分别为65.8 GPa和56.5 GPa，进一步证实了其超硬特性.电子结构计算结果表明，Pc-carbon是带宽为0.99 eV的半导体.     

含异烟酸和2,6-二羧酸吡啶的双核铜(Ⅱ)配合物合成和晶体结构

用水热法合成了含2,6-二羧酸吡啶和异烟酸的双核铜(Ⅱ)配合物[Cu2(pydca)2(Hinic)2- (H2O)2]3H2O (H2pydca = 2,6-二羧酸吡啶, Hinic = 异烟酸), 并通过X射线单晶衍射测定其结构。晶体属三斜晶系, Pi空间群, 晶胞参数:a = 0.72375(10), b = 1.22205(17), c = 1.7078(2) nm, a = 90.463(2), b = 91.830(2), g = 93.563(2), V = 1.5067(4) nm3, Dc = 1.749 g/cm3, (C26H26Cu2N4O17) (Mr = 793.59), Z = 2, F(000) = 808, m = 1.501 mm-1, R = 0.0259, wR = 0.0741。配合物中1个铜(Ⅱ)离子配位数为5, 配位多面体为畸变的四方锥构型;另一个铜(Ⅱ)离子配位数为6, 配位多面体为畸变的八面体构型。配合物分子之间通过氢键连接, 形成三维网状结构。     

4-羧基苯氧乙酸锰配位聚合物[Mn(p-CPOA)(H_2O)_3]_n的合成与晶体结构

0引言由于羧酸化合物具有丰富的配位结构类型,而且羧酸桥联多核配合物广泛存在于生物体内金属蛋白和金属酶的活性部位,使其在配位化学中占有重要地位[1]。尤其是近年来,研究发现羧酸配位聚合物具有潜在的光学、磁学、吸附分离、信息储存以及催化等性能,使得由苯二甲酸,均苯三甲