Mineralogical composition of tailings remaining after flotation of polish Zn-Pb sulphide ores

The mineralogical composition of the tailings remaining after the flotation of lead and zinc sulphide ores originating from the two most characteristic areas of the Silesian-Cracovian deposits (Poland) was estimated. The main component of the tailings was dolomite containing non-uniformly distributed isomorphic admixtures of Fe(II) and Mn(II). The tailings from the Boleslaw area differ from those from the Trzebionka area in a relatively high content of iron sulphides and in the frequent occurrence of siderite. Simultaneous thermal identification of siderite and ferroan dolomite in the presence of iron sulphides was performed by using a flowing Ar furnace atmosphere.     

Multiple potentiometric system for continuous determination of chloride, fluoride, nitrate and ammonia in natural waters

Summary A flow-through system for the simultaneous determination of chloride (30–150 ppm), fluoride (0.08-0.4 ppm), nitrate (5–20 ppm) and ammonia (0.05-0.5 ppm) in water was developed. Solid-state chloride and fluoride electrodes, a nitrate PVC membrane electrode with solid silver contact and a gassensing ammonia ORION 95-10 electrode were employed. The air-segmented sample stream is mixed with appropriate buffering solutions before entering the measuring cells. Mean accuracy of the determinations is usually better than ± 10%.

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Multiples potentiometrisches System zur kontinuierlichen Bestimmung von Chlorid, Fluorid, Nitrat und Ammoniak in natürlichen Wässern

Zusammenfassung Ein Durchflußsystem wurde entwickelt zur gleichzeitigen Bestimmung von Chlorid (30–150 ppm), Fluorid (0,08-0,4 ppm), Nitrat (5–20 ppm) und Ammoniak (0,05-0,5 ppm). Folgende Elektroden wurden eingesetzt: Festkörperelektroden für Chlorid und Fluorid, PVC-Membranelektrode für Nitrat und die ORION 95-10 Gassensor-Elektrode für Ammoniak. Der Luft-segmentierte Probestrom wird vor Eintritt in die Meßzellen mit geeigneten Pufferlösungen gemischt. Die mittlere Genauigkeit beträgt ±10%.

     

钇对苯甲酸芳香体系的效应钇在镧系元素中的位置

钇对苯甲酸芳香体系的效应加以研究并与碱和碱土金属以及若干过渡金属和有毒的重金属的效应相比较。钇与镧系元素相似,具有稳定苯甲酸体系的效应。芳香体系的微扰作用随着金属离子势的减小而增大。红外谱带强度的详细分析表示钇的位置是在铒与铥之间。芳香环谱带的相对强度和频率对于镧系元素原子序数的依赖关系表明双-双效应的存在。     

A combinatorial approach to recognition of chirality: preparation of highly enantioselective aryl-dihydropyrimidine selectors for chiral HPLC

A parallel library of 108 4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyrimidine (DHPM) enantiomers, which are potential selectors for chiral HPLC separations, was synthesized using the single-step Biginelli multicomponent condensation. The individual compounds were screened by observing the enantioselectivity for resolution on a "brush-type" L-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)leucine-based chiral stationary phase, and separation factors alpha up to 12 were achieved. The best candidates from the library contained an ortho-substituted aromatic group at C4 carbon atom of the pyrimidine ring and an alkyl substituent at N1 nitrogen atom. Resolution of the enantiomers of the lead compound, 4-(9-phenanthryl)-DHPM 8, using semipreparative chiral HPLC followed by attachment to monodisperse macroporous aminomethacrylate beads, provided the novel polymer based chiral stationary phase with good enantioselectivities in the resolution of several pi-acidic aryl-dihydropyrimidines and derivatized profens. In addition, 3,5-dinitrobenzamido derivatives of alpha-amino acids could be resolved under normal phase HPLC conditions with separation factors up to 8.     

Reactions of β-methoxyvinyl trifluoromethyl ketones with 2-pyridinecarboxamidrazone: A convenient route to trifluoromethylated 4,5-dihydro-1H-1-picolinoylpyrazole hydrochlorides

A new series of six 3-aryl-5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1-picolinoylpyrazole hydrochlorides were synthesised in one-step in high yields by the reaction of β-methoxyvinyl trifluoromethyl ketones with 2-pyridinecarboxamidrazone in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The hydrochloride salts were easily converted to the respective new series of free trifluoromethylated 4,5-dihydro-1H-1-picolinoylpyrazoles using triethylamine in anhydrous diethyl ether. X-ray structure and NMR data from the pyrazole hydrochlorides are reported.     

Biodegradation of mixed wastes in continuously operated cyclic reactors

The problem of simultaneous biodegradation of two dissimilar substrates in a continuously operated cyclic reactor was studied both at the theoretical and experimental levels using a simple model system. The system involved media containing mixtures of glucose and phenol as carbon sources. A pure culture ofPseudomonas putida (ATCC 17514) was employed. Independent kinetic experiments have revealed that glucose and phenol are involved in a crossinhibitory uncompetitive kinetic interaction. The dynamics of a cyclically operated reactor were analyzed using the principles of bifurcation theory for forced systems. Experimental results have confirmed the theoretical predictions. Implications of the results for the design of waste-treating facilities are discussed.

     

The effect of the solvent in the nitrate-selective electrode

An organoboron reagent, 2-[1(o-dihydroxyborylphenyl)-2-phenylethyl]-2-imidazoline hydrochloride, is used for the determination of tartaric acid in aqueous solution. The complex of tartaric acid with the organoboron reagent can be extracted into an organic solvent and determined spectrophotometrically in the concentration range 10^-5–lO^-4 M, with a relative standard deviation of ca. 5%. Alternatively, the complex can be determined turbidimetrically in the concentration range 2 × 10^-4–IO^-3 M with approximately the same precision.     

Application of experimental (FT-ICR) and theoretical (AM1) methods to the study of proton-transfer reactions for tautomerizing amidines in the gas phase

Semiempirical calculations (AM1) together with experimental mass spectrometric (FT-ICR) data indicate the imino nitrogen atom as the favoured site of protonation and the amino nitrogen atom as the site of deprotonation of the amidine group in the gas phase. For tautomerizing N-methyl-N-phenylbenzamidine the tautomer with the phenyl group at the imino nitrogen atom weakly predominates in tautomeric mixture.     

Application of experimental (FT-ICR) and theoretical (AM1) methods to the study of proton-transfer reactions for tautomerizing amidines in the gas phase

Semiempirical calculations (AM1) together with experimental mass spectrometric (FT-ICR) data indicate the imino nitrogen atom as the favoured site of protonation and the amino nitrogen atom as the site of deprotonation of the amidine group in the gas phase. For tautomerizing N-methyl-N'-phenylbenzamidine the tautomer with the phenyl group at the imino nitrogen atom weakly predominates in tautomeric mixture.