含羰基有机添加剂对AlCl3-[Emim]Cl电沉积铝的影响

以[Emim]Cl/AlCl₃(33.3/66.7 mol%)离子液体为电解质, 选取了丙酮、乙酰胺、乙酸、乙酸甲酯、氨基甲酸甲酯5种含有羰基官能团的有机分子作为添加剂, 讨论其对铝沉积层的影响. 通过CV曲线、SEM、XRD、UV-Vis、NMR等分析, 进一步研究了添加剂对Al沉积层形貌、晶面取向及沉积机理的影响. 结果表明: 氨基甲酸甲酯是一种性能优异的整平添加剂, 45 mmol/L氨基甲酸甲酯的加入明显改善Al产品的光亮度, 得到细致均匀且镜面光亮的Al沉积层. 氨基甲酸甲酯为添加剂时, 在电解液体系中没有形成新的金属络合离子, 不影响电解液中活性铝离子结构; 其羰基碳原子为正电中心在阴极表面吸附, 对Al的电沉积过程产生抑制进而获得整平和光亮效果.     

Bis(1,5‐di­aza­cyclo­octane‐N,N′)nickel(II) dibromide

The crystal structure of the title complex, [Ni(C₆H₁₄N₂)₂]Br₂, consists of discrete [Ni(C₆H₁₄N₂)₂]²⁺ cations and bromide counter‐anions. The Ni^II ion is at the center of symmetry and is four‐coordinated by four nitro­gen donors of the mesocyclic ligand 1,5‐di­aza­cyclo­octane (DACO) [Ni—N 1.935 (2)–1.937 (2) Å]. The coordination geometry of Ni^II can be considered as square planar and both DACO ligands take the boat–chair conformation. The bromide anions are hydrogen bonded with the nitro­gen donors of the ligands to form a macrocycle‐like ring system.     

糖类的金属络合物

阐述了近年来单糖、二糖、寡糖和多糖与金属离子络合研究的进展,以及这些络合物在生物医药、化工、材料、环保等领域中的应用。     

Synergetic stability enhancement with magnesium and calcium ion substitution for Ni/Mn-based P2-type sodium-ion battery cathodes

The conventional P2-type cathode material Na_0.67Ni_0.33Mn_0.67O₂ suffers from an irreversible P2–O2 phase transition and serious capacity fading during cycling. Here, we successfully carry out magnesium and calcium ion doping into the transition-metal layers (TM layers) and the alkali-metal layers (AM layers), respectively, of Na_0.67Ni_0.33Mn_0.67O₂. Both Mg and Ca doping can reduce O-type stacking in the high-voltage region, leading to enhanced cycling endurance, however, this is associated with a decrease in capacity. The results of density functional theory (DFT) studies reveal that the introduction of Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ make high-voltage reactions (oxygen redox and Ni⁴⁺/Ni³⁺ redox reactions) less accessible. Thanks to the synergetic effect of co-doping with Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions, the adverse effects on high-voltage reactions involving Ni–O bonding are limited, and the structural stability is further enhanced. The finally obtained P2-type Na_0.62Ca_0.025Ni_0.28Mg_0.05Mn_0.67O₂ exhibits a satisfactory initial energy density of 468.2 W h kg⁻¹ and good capacity retention of 83% after 100 cycles at 50 mA g⁻¹ within the voltage range of 2.2–4.35 V. This work deepens our understanding of the specific effects of Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ dopants and provides a stability-enhancing strategy utilizing abundant alkaline earth elements.

A synergetic effect involving Mg and Ca can reduce the adverse impact on redox reactions related to Ni–O bonding in Mg and Ca co-doped P2-Na_0.67Ni_0.33Mn_0.66O₂ material, leading to better overall properties than its singly-doped counterparts.     

非稳态纯滚动接触弹塑性分析

建立了二维弹塑性非稳态循环纯滚动接触有限元模型.材料本构采用一种较好的循环塑性模型,并通过材料用户子程序在通用有限元软件ABAQUS中自定义该本构模型.通过在弹塑性无限半空间表面上重复移动随时间按简谐规律变化的赫兹法向载荷来模拟非稳态循环纯滚动接触过程.通过数值模拟,得到接触表面附近的残余累积变形、应变和残余应力.不同的最大赫兹接触压力对残余应力和残余应变影响较大.在简谐变化的法向接触载荷作用下接触表面的变形呈波浪形,随着滚动次数的增加,该波状表面沿载荷移动相反方向逐渐移动,但移动速率要衰减.波状表面波谷处的残余应力、应变和变形大于波峰处.随滚动次数的增加,残余应力增大但很快趋于稳定,残余应变也增大但增大速率衰减.     

单纵模Nd:YAG激光抽运CH4中强后向受激拉曼散射

用单纵模Nd:YAG二倍频激光[波长532 nm,线宽△vp＜100 MHz,脉宽(半峰全宽)6.5 ns]抽运CH4气体,观察到很强的后向一级斯托克斯(BS1)受激拉曼散射,这与前人采用脉宽30 ns的单纵模抽运激光得到的绝大部分为后向受激布里渊散射(SBS)完全不同,其原因是脉宽6.5 ns与本实验条件下CH4的受激布里渊散射声子寿命接近,受激布里渊散射处于瞬态.理论计算表明,这时的受激布里渊散射瞬态增益系数已略小于后向一级斯托克斯的增益系数,而被其竞争抑制.当脉冲重复频率为2 Hz,抽运能量为95 mJ时,在1.1 MPa CH4中,后向一级斯托克斯的量子转换效率高达73%,其时间波形出现张弛振荡,脉宽被压窄到1.2 ns,从而使后向一级斯托克斯峰值功率达到了抽运激光功率的2.7倍,而且其光束质量要大大优于抽运激光的光束质量.用编制的准二维计算机模型程序相当好地再现了实验中后向一级斯托克斯的时间波形张弛振荡.     

光学系统像差与光场干涉对激光参量测量精度的影响

研究了采用面阵CCD探测器测量光束参量的技术问题,研制了一套高精度激光参量测量系统,对其光学系统像差与光场干涉原因进行了理论分析,实验测量了连续抽运1064nm固体模式发生器产生的基模厄米高斯光束,分析对比了其输出光束带有干涉条纹时对测量精度的影响,对光学系统的设计提出了具体技术要求,为同类装置的研制提供了参考依据。     

不同偏振飞秒激光经块状材料传输后的脉宽压缩

实验研究了线偏振和圆偏振状态下的飞秒强激光脉冲在块状材料中的传输过程。不同偏振的激光脉冲在传输过程中得到了不同程度的光谱展宽,经色散补偿后,脉冲时域宽度均得到了压缩。详细分析了压缩脉冲的脉宽以及啁啾情况与入射激光脉冲能量之间的关系,比较了飞秒激光在线偏振及圆偏振情况下的不同压缩效果。在线偏振入射光情况下得到了最短21fs的压缩脉冲宽度,在圆偏振情况下得到的最短脉冲宽度为22fs。实验结果表明,这种光谱展宽与色散补偿方式对圆偏振光同样适用,而且圆偏振的入射激光将更有利于对更高能量的脉冲进行压缩。在色散补偿量相同的情况下,压缩效果随入射脉冲能量变化的规律符合理论估计。     

零电流示波电位滴定盐酸异丙嗪

盐酸异丙嗪是一种较重要的抗组胺药,现行的分析标准为非水滴定法^[1],此外尚有分光光度法^[2]、伏安法^[3]、电极法^[4]、液相色谱法^[5]和流动注射分析法^[6]等。本文将高鸿提出的零电流示波电位滴定法^[7]中的铂片电极修饰一层含四苯基硼酸-异丙嗪电活性物质的PVC膜,使电极对异丙嗪产生响应,可用于四苯基硼酸钠直接滴定异丙嗪的终点指示。     

单晶变角EPR谱的解释Ⅱ.掺Cr3+乙酰丙酮铝单晶的EPR

对掺Cr³⁺乙酰丙酮铝单晶的(001),(100)和(110)晶面进行晶面旋转EPR扫描,得到共振磁场随旋转角度变化的实验图形,根据本征插方法编写的程序,对实验谱图进行投合,得到下述顺磁参数,D=0.5870±O.005cm^-1,E=-0.00490±0.0001cm^-1,g_x=g_y=1.965±0.001,g₂=1.984±0.001.