Effect of short glass fiber on structure and viscoelastic behavior of olefinic polymers synthesized with metallocene catalyst

Several composites were prepared on the basis of an ethylene homopolymer and different copolymers of ethylene and 1‐hexene, synthesized with a metallocene catalyst, as matrices and a content of a 5 wt % of short glass fiber. The effect of the fiber incorporation on the structure and mechanical and viscoelastic behaviors was analyzed for the different samples. The glass fibers induced a slightly higher crystallinity, and the crystallite morphology significantly changed (long spacings and crystal orientation). The incorporation of fibers did not reinforce the different matrices under study at this low content; consequently, the mechanical parameters, such as Young's modulus, yielding stress, and microhardness, were lower in the composites as compared with those values found in the neat polyolefins. The location and apparent activation energies of distinct relaxation processes are also discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1244–1255, 2003     

A case of concomitant polymorphism and spontaneous resolution: the tetragonal phase of 5‐hydroxymethyl‐7,7,N‐trimethyl‐6‐oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane‐1‐carboxamide

The title compound, C₁₂H₂₁NO₃, crystallizes in two polymorphic forms, viz. the tetragonal form described here and the monoclinic form described previously [Foces‐Foces, López‐Rodríguez, Pérez, Martín & Pérez‐Hernández (2007). Cryst. Growth Des. 7 , 905–911]. The differences in the conformations of the hydroxymethyl and methylaminocarbonyl substituents have important consequences in the hydrogen‐bond interaction motifs and, therefore, in the packing arrangements. These forms are concomitant polymorphs with melting points differing by 3 K.     

The effect of micro-morphology of Bi2O3 on catalytic properties of Co/Bi catalyst for wet air oxidation of acetic acid

The novel phase transfer catalysts S-8 [4-(dimethyloctylammonium) propansultan] and DB-X [1,4-bis(triethylmethylammonium)benzene dibromide] were synthesized and employed for high conversion synthesis of dichlorocyclopropane from various olefins.This revised version was published online in December 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

凸合成模糊对策的模糊稳定集

本建立了凸合成模糊对策的模型，并得到了凸合成模糊对策的模糊稳定集，可由子对策的模糊稳定集表达出来。从而解决了凸合成模糊对策的解的结构问题。     

作业成本法数学模型的创新

随着企业产品价格竞争愈演愈烈，成本的合理分配、计算日显重要，但在间接费用的分摊上，传统成本会计对成本信息反映失真的局限性日益显露，会计理论界和实务界开始寻求一种新的准确的成本计算方法，作业成本法应运而生。本将由作业成本法基本原理推导出其数学模型，并将对其数学模型进一步改进，建立比较数学模型。使作业成本法向实际应用更进一步。     

Effects of diamines and their fluorinated groups on the color lightness and preparation of organosoluble aromatic polyimides from 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenyl]‐hexafluoropropane

To investigate the position and amount of the CF₃ group affecting the coloration of polyimides (PIs), we prepared 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane ( 2 ) with four CF₃ groups with 2‐chloro‐5‐nitrobenzotrifluoride and 2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenol)hexafluoropropane. A series of soluble and light‐colored fluorinated PIs ( 5 ) were synthesized from 2 and various aromatic dianhydrides ( 3a – 3f ). 5a – 5f had inherent viscosities ranging from 0.80 to 1.19 dL/g and were soluble in amide polar solvents and even in less polar solvents. The glass‐transition temperatures of 5 were 221–265 °C, and the 10% weight‐loss temperatures were above 493 °C. Their films had cutoff wavelengths between 343 and 390 nm, b* values (a yellowness index) ranging from 5 to 41, dielectric constants of 2.68–3.01 (1 MHz), and moisture absorptions of 0.03–0.29 wt %. In a comparison of the PI series 6 – 8 based on 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane, 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenyl]propane, and 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane, we found that the CF₃ group close to the imide group was more effective in lowering the color; this means that CF₃ of 5 , 7 , and 8f was more effective than that of 6c . The color intensity of the four PI series was lowered in the following order: 5 > 7 > 6 > 8 . The PI 5f , synthesized from diamine 2 and 4,4′‐hexafluoroisopropylidenediphthalic anhydride, had six CF₃ groups in a repeated segment, so it exhibited the lightest color among the four series. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 922–938, 2003     

An improved On-Surface Radiation Condition for acoustic scattering problems in the high-frequency spectrum

This Note addresses the derivation of an improved On-Surface Radiation Condition for the numerical solution of the exterior Helmholtz equation at high-frequencies. This condition is built as an approximation of the Neumann-to-Dirichlet map by using a local regularization of its principal classical symbol in the gliding zone for modelling the creeping waves. The numerical simulation of this pseudodifferential operator is efficiently realized with a linear cost according to the dimension of the boundary element approximation space using suitable complex Padé approximants. A numerical example is provided. To cite this article: X. Antoine et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).     

A non‐linear and non‐local boundary condition for a diffusion equation in petroleum engineering

This article deals with a boundary value problem for Laplace equation with a non‐linear and non‐local boundary condition. This problem comes from petroleum engineering and is used to obtain an estimation of well productivity. The non‐linear and non‐local boundary condition is written on the well boundary. On the outer reservoir boundaries, we have both Dirichlet and Neumann conditions. In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution to this problem. The existence is proved by Schauder theorem and the uniqueness is obtained under more restricted conditions, when the involved operator is a contraction. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

BP神经网络在上海住宅市场需求预测中的应用

人工神经网络是近期发展最快的人工智能领域研究成果之一 ,本文在介绍 BP神经网络的有关原理的基础上 ,建立了一个上海住宅市场的 BP神经网络模型 ,并通过该模型对上海住宅市场的需求进行了预测和分析 .分析结果表明人工神经网络方法在住宅市场需求预测中的应用是可行的并且是有效的 .     

Living/controlled radical copolymerization of N‐substituted maleimides with styrene in 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and anisole

The atom transfer radical copolymerization of N‐substituted maleimides such as N‐phenylmaleimide (PhMI), N‐cyclohexylmaleimide (ChMI), and N‐butylmaleimide (NBMI) with styrene initiated with dendritic polyarylether 2‐bromoisobutyrates in an ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF₆]), at room temperature and anisole at 110 °C was investigated. The dendritic‐linear block copolymers obtained in ionic liquid possessed well‐defined molecular weight and low polydispersity (1.05 < M_w/M_n < 1.32) and could be used as a macroinitiator for chain‐extension polymerization, suggesting the living nature of the reaction system. The ionic liquids containing catalyst could be recycled in the atom transfer radical polymerization systems without further treatment. Compared with polymerization conducted in anisole, the polymerization in ionic liquid had a stronger tendency for alternation. The tendency for alternation decreased in the order PhMI > NBMI > ChMI in [bmim][PF₆] and PhMI > ChMI > NBMI in anisole. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2156–2165, 2003