波束开角对多普勒测频结果的影响*

具有不同波束开角的声学多普勒测速设备未标定的测速结果存在偏差。基于水底椭圆散射模型研究了波束开角对声学多普勒测速结果的影响,对提高声学测速性能具有实际意义。水底椭圆散射模型下,足印上不同方位传播损失和散射强度存在差异,导致频谱不对称,测频结果偏小。利用不对称系数量化频谱不对称程度,若波束开角增大,方位不对称系数随之增大,测频偏差增大,推导了波束开角导致的测频偏差解析式。分析仿真和外场试验数据测频结果可知,不同多普勒频移下测频偏差和理论计算值相符,不同波束开角下实际测频偏差与理论公式计算的测频偏差均随波束开角增大而增大。     

光热协同催化去除挥发性有机化合物和CO的研究进展

随着社会和经济的快速发展,环境污染和能源短缺等问题,尤其是空气污染,已经影响了人类的可持续发展.挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),如苯、甲苯、甲醛和丙酮是主要的空气污染物,它们主要来源于油漆、有机化学品、石油化工产品、药物和工业生产过程.大多VOCs具有特殊的气味,而且具有一定的毒性、致畸性和致癌作用,尤其是苯、甲苯和甲醛...     

Testing Regression Coefficients in High-Dimensional and Sparse Settings

In the high-dimensional setting, this article considers a canonical testing problem in multivariate analysis, namely testing coefficients in linear regression models. Several tests for highdimensional regression coefficients have been proposed in the recent literature. However, these tests are based on the sum of squares type statistics, that perform well under the dense alternatives and suffer from low power under the sparse alternatives. In order to attack this issue, we introduce a new test statistic which is based on the maximum type statistic and magnifies the sparse signals. The limiting null distribution of the test statistic is shown to be the extreme value distribution of type I and the power of the test is analysed. In particular, it is shown theoretically and numerically that the test is powerful against sparse alternatives. Numerical studies are carried out to examine the numerical performance of the test and to compare it with other tests available in the literature.     

电化学DNA生物传感器定量检测根癌农杆菌终止子基因片段

通过自组装法及共价法固定单链脱氧核糖核酸(ssDNA),制备了电化学DNA生物传感器。将巯基丙酸(MPA)自组装于金电极表面形成单分子膜,再利用1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)的活化作用将ssDNA探针序列固定于金电极表面。将ssDNA修饰的电极与待测溶液中人工合成的转基因食品中常有的根癌农杆菌终止子(NOS)基因片段进行杂交,在[Fe(CN)6]3-/4-溶液中进行循环伏安和电化学阻抗谱扫描,表征ssDNA固定及杂交过程。优化了ssDNA固定条件。待测溶液中DNA浓度在1.0×10-7～1.0×10-10mol/L范围时,其浓度的对数值和ssDNA/Au电极与dsDNA/Au电极峰电流差值的变化值呈线性相关关系,相关系数为0.9822,检出限为8.1×10-11mol/L。     

埋地热油管道正常运行的数值模拟研究

对高凝原油管道输送的水力热力问题进行分析研究,掌握管线运行规律,保证管线安全经济运行有着重要意义.本文建立了埋地热油管道正常运行的数学模型,采用非结构化网格和有限容积法对该问题进行了研究,计算结果与实验测量值吻合良好.     

Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Industrial Robot Based on Multiclass Mahalanobis-Taguchi System for Imbalanced Data

One of the biggest challenges for the fault diagnosis research of industrial robots is that the normal data is far more than the fault data; that is, the data is imbalanced. The traditional diagnosis approaches of industrial robots are more biased toward the majority categories, which makes the diagnosis accuracy of the minority categories decrease. To solve the imbalanced problem, the traditional algorithm is improved by using cost-sensitive learning, single-class learning and other approaches. However, these algorithms also have a series of problems. For instance, it is difficult to estimate the true misclassification cost, overfitting, and long computation time. Therefore, a fault diagnosis approach for industrial robots, based on the Multiclass Mahalanobis-Taguchi system (MMTS), is proposed in this article. It can be classified the categories by measuring the deviation degree from the sample to the reference space, which is more suitable for classifying imbalanced data. The accuracy, G-mean and F-measure are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach on an industrial robot platform. The experimental results show that the proposed approach’s accuracy, F-measure and G-mean improves by an average of 20.74%, 12.85% and 21.68%, compared with the other five traditional approaches when the imbalance ratio is 9. With the increase in the imbalance ratio, the proposed approach has better stability than the traditional algorithms.     

β-四(对羟甲基苯氧基)酞菁锌的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以4-硝基邻苯二腈和对羟基苯甲醇为原料,经两步法设计并合成了两亲性β-四(对羟甲基苯氧基)酞菁锌(Ⅱ)光敏剂(1),其结构经UV-vis,1H NMR,IR,激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(TOF-MS)及元素分析表征.用HE染料法和MTT染色法研究了1对Bel-7402人体肝癌细胞的抑制作用,考察了c(1)对Bel-7402细胞抑制率的影响.实验结果表明,当c(1)为50 mg·L-1时,抑制率达67%,其IC50=30.1 mg·L-1.     

Zn杂质扩散诱导AlGaInP/GaInP量子阱混杂

杂质扩散诱导量子阱混杂技术可用于制作腔面非吸收窗口,提高大功率半导体激光器的输出功率.以Zn2As2为扩散源,采用闭管扩散方式,在550℃下对650 nm半导体激光器的外延片进行了一系列Zn杂质扩散诱导量子阱混杂的实验.实验发现,随着扩散时间从20～120 min,样品光致发光(PL)谱蓝移偏移增加,峰值波长蓝移53 nm;当扩散时间超过60 min后,样品的PL谱中不仅出现了常见的蓝移峰,同时还出现了红移峰,峰值波长红移32 nm.分析表明PL谱蓝移来自Zn扩散引起的AlGaInP/GaInP间的量子阱混杂;红移来自Zn杂质扩散对样品中Ga0.51In0.49P缓冲层的影响.还研究了扩散温度(550℃)和扩散时间对样品晶体品质的影响,并在理论上计算了AlGaInP/GaInP量子阱混杂巾的Al-Ga的互扩散系数.     

Reactive Dyeing of Electrospun Cellulose Nanofibers by Pad-steam Method

Based on the functional properties of electrospun cellulose nanofibers(CNF), scientists are showing substantial interest to enhance the aesthetic properties. However, the lower color yield has remained a big challenge due to the higher surface area of nanofibers. In this study, we attempted to improve the color yield properties of CNF by the pad-steam dyeing method. Neat CNF was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun cellulose acetate(CA) nanofibers. Three different kinds of reactive dyes were used and pad-steam dyeing parameters were optimized. SEM images revealed smooth morphology with an increase in the average diameter of nanofibers. FTIR results showed no change in the chemical structure after dyeing of CNF. Color fastness results demonstrated excellent ratings for reactive dyes, which indicate good dye fixation properties and no color loss during the washing process. The results confirm that the pad-steam dyeing method can be potentially considered to improve the aesthetic properties of CNF, which can be utilized for functional garments, such as breathable raincoats and disposable face masks.     

Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Sheath-core Modified-PMMA Nanofibers with Photoluminescence and Photochromic Functions

Multi-functional nanofibers are playing an important role in the optical field, and are widely used in fluorescence indication, product anti-counterfeit identification and smart clothing. Nanofibers with photoluminescence and photochromic functions are already attracting more interest from researchers. In this work, based on electrospun technology, the modified-PMMA nanofibers[PMMA=poly(methyl methacrylate)] with photoluminescence and photochromic functions were prepared through the design of the sheath-core structure(SCNFs 1-4). Compared with other samples, SCNF-4 shows outstanding photoluminescence and photochromic functions. SCNF-4 can produce green light and its fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime can reach 7144 a.u. and 1031.32 μs, respectively. In photochromic functions, SCNF-4 can show purple in 1 min under the 365 nm ultraviolet light, and the color can be preserved for more than 4 h under the sunlight. When SCNF-4 is irradiated by far infrared light, the color of the samples can fade quickly in 40 s. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light of different wavelengths, SCNF-4 can display multi-color fluorescence and achieve a reversible transition between white and purple. The design of the sheath-core structure realizes the complementarity of photoluminescence and photochromic functions of the electrospun modified-PMMA nanofibers, which is important to promote the wide application of multi-functional nanofibers in the optical field.