CSRm束流径向和轴向振荡的耦合

介绍了由于磁铁的安装误差和螺线管的存在而造成的束流径向和轴向的耦合，以及耦合对束流稳定的影响。结合CSRm结构的典型参数分析得出:二极磁铁和四极磁铁在纵向角安装偏差为-0.5~0.5 mrad；有螺线管存在的情况下，工作点落在和共振线时，将导致束流不稳定而大量损失，落在差共振线时，束流稳定。通过模拟计算发现:螺线管产生的耦合远大于磁铁的纵向角安装偏差产生的耦合。     

Attenuation correction for dedicated breast PET using only emission data based on consistency conditions

Accurate attenuation correction is required in dedicated breast PET imaging systems for image artifact removal and quantitative studies. In this study, a method using only emission data based on consistency conditions is proposed for attenuation correction in breast PET imaging systems. The consistency conditions are exploited to evaluate the accuracy of the estimated attenuation distribution and find the appropriate parameters that yield the most consistent attenuation distribution with the measured emission data. We have proved the validity of the method with experimental investigations and single-patient studies using a dedicated breast PET. The results show that the method is capable of accurately estimating the attenuation distribution of a uniform attenuator from the experimental data with various relatively low activities. The results also show that in single-patient studies, the method is robust for the irregular boundary of breast tissue and provides a distinct improvement in image quality.     

Hard X-ray one dimensional nano-focusing at the SSRF using a WSi2 /Si multilayer Laue lens

The multilayer Laue lens (MLL) is a novel diffraction optics which can realize nanometer focusing of hard X-rays with high efficiency. In this paper, a 7.9 μm-thick MLL with the outmost layer thickness of 15 nm is designed based on dynamical diffraction theory. The MLL is fabricated by first depositing the depth-graded multilayer using direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technology. Then, the multilayer sample is sliced, and both cross-sections are thinned and polished to a depth of 35-41 μm. The focusing property of the MLL is measured at the Shanghai Synchrotron Facility (SSRF). One-dimensional (1D) focusing resolutions of 205 nm and 221 nm are obtained at E=14 keV and 18 keV, respectively. It demonstrates that the fabricated MLL can focus hard X-rays into nanometer scale.     

Determination of the calcium species in coal chars by Ca K-edge XANES analysis

Ca-based additives have been widely used as a sulfur adsorbent during coal pyrolysis and gasification. The Ca speciation and evolution during the pyrolysis of coal with Ca additives have attracted great attention. In this paper, Ca species in the coal chars prepared from the pyrolysis of Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3-added coals are studied by using Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structural spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that Ca(OH)2 , CaSO4 , CaS and CaO coexist in the Ca(OH)2-added chars, while Ca(OH)2 and CaSO4 are the main species in the Ca(OH)2-added chars. Besides, a carboxyl-bound Ca is also formed during both the pyrolysis for the Ca(OH)2-added and the CaCO3-added coals. A detailed discussion about the Ca speciation is given.     

偏振无关的双折射多波长滤波器的Z域设计

基于双折射铌酸锂晶体的电光效应,设计了一种偏振无关的二端口波导型多波长可调谐滤波器.在非对称干涉仪的上下分支波导上,耦合电极与相移电极周期性交叉级联实现模式的偏振转换.利用琼斯矩阵的Z域分析,求解驱动电压模拟实现多个波长的同时选择.仿真实现了自由光谱范围内分布任意的窄带多波长输出.波长中心处传输率为100%;旁瓣大小受到所选波长个数的影响,三个波长同时滤波的旁瓣可达12 dB.同时得到了梳状滤波输出谱,其通带顶部平坦,旁瓣可达15 dB以上.     

新型傅里叶变换光谱仪反射镜倾斜容限分析及实验

采用微机电系统微镜阵列和倾斜反射镜替代传统傅里叶变换光谱仪的动镜系统,提出一种基于微机电系统微镜阵列的新型傅里叶变换光谱仪.介绍了该光谱仪的工作原理,分析了倾斜反射镜倾斜角度的容限范围,并搭建了实验系统,进行了实验验证.理论推导表明:在近红外区域,反射镜倾角理论最大值为0.52°,光谱分辨率达到8 nm;在可见光区域,反射镜倾角理论最大值0.183°,光谱分辨率达到3 nm.选取可见光源488 nm激光器进行的实验验证结果表明:在倾角容限范围之内,光谱能准确还原;反之,光谱严重失真.最终,采用复色光源进一步实验验证了理论分析的正确性.     

一氧化硅电致激发光谱理论研究

采用含时密度泛函(Time-dependent density functional theory)TDDFT/6-311++g(d,p)方法研究了一氧化硅分子能量最低的10个单重激发态的激发波长和跃迁振子强度等激发光谱参数.同时利用原子与分子物理相关理论分析了外电场对一氧化硅分子激发光谱的影响规律.得到的结论是,随外电场强度增强,一氧化硅分子激发态跃迁光谱向可见光区域发生红移.该结果为通过外电场调制材料发光特性提供了理论支持.     

空气开关等离子体干涉条纹图像的处理

利用Mach-Zehnder干涉仪测量了空气开关中等离子体电子密度分布,使用高速分幅相机拍摄记录不同时延下的干涉条纹图像。针对实验获得的干涉条纹图像的特点,提出了一种首先进行频域FFT滤波去噪,然后进行空域二值化、细化的处理方法。该方法能够很好的消除图像噪声的影响,提取出单像素的亮条纹中心线,从而能够准确读取条纹坐标信息,再通过对干涉条纹偏移量进行Abel逆变换,得到等离子体电子密度分布。     

基于斯托克斯矢量的偏振成像仪器及其进展

偏振成像技术将景物的偏振信息转化为二维图像信息,从而可以和灰度图像一样对目标景物进行场景特征分析。介绍了基于斯托克斯矢量的偏振成像原理。按照获取斯托克斯矢量方法的不同,分别介绍了偏振片起偏、偏振棱镜分光和可变延迟波片调制三类分时偏振成像方式,分振幅、分孔径、分焦平面三种同时偏振成像方式。结合我国的制造水平,设计了双CCD渥拉斯顿棱镜同时偏振成像实验系统,并采集了实验图像。分析了各种偏振成像方式的优缺点。指出了偏振激光照明主动偏振成像、光谱偏振成像是偏振成像仪器进一步的发展方向。     

白光LED用Ba3La（PO4）3∶Dy3+荧光粉的制备与发光性能

通过高温固相法合成了一系列Ba3La1-x(PO4)3∶xDy3+荧光粉材料。利用XRD测量样品的物相,结果显示样品为纯相Ba3La(PO4)3晶体。样品的激发光谱由一系列宽谱组成,峰值分别位于322,347,360,386,424,451 nm。在347 nm激发下,荧光粉在482 nm(4F9/2→6H15/2)和575 nm(4F9/2→6H13/2)处有很强的发射。研究了不同Dy3+掺杂浓度对样品发射光谱的影响,当Dy3+摩尔分数x=0.10时出现猝灭现象,浓度猝灭机理为电偶极-电偶极相互作用。确定了不同Dy3+掺杂浓度的Ba3La(PO4)3∶Dy3+的荧光寿命。Ba3La(PO4)3∶Dy3+荧光粉发射光谱的色坐标位于白光区域。