保健食品中西地那非化学发光免疫分析方法研究

针对保健食品中西地那非药物的非法添加问题,该研究采用辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）与鲁米诺为信号输出系统,结合直接竞争模式探索了保健食品中西地那非的直接竞争化学发光酶免疫分析方法。基于特异性多克隆抗体,通过逐步优化策略,确定最佳免疫分析条件为：包被原质量浓度为41.67 ng/mL,酶标抗体质量浓度为1.25 μg/mL,封闭液和洗涤液的吐温－20含量为0.05%,稀释液的甲醇添加量为5%,竞争反应时间为40 min。在该条件下,建立了西地那非的直接竞争化学发光免疫分析方法,该方法对西地那非的半抑制浓度（IC50）为0.17 ng/mL,线性检测范围（IC20～IC80）为0.024 ~ 1.21 ng/mL,检出限（IC10,LOD）为0.008 ng/mL。与他达那非等功能类似物无显著交叉;西地那非样品的加标回收率为82.0%～114%,相对标准偏差均小于15%。盲样检测结果与HPLC－MS/MS确证方法具有良好一致性,说明该方法准确可靠,适用于样品中西地那非的快速筛查。     

CRISPR-Cas System for RNA Detection and Imaging

The system of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)and CRISPR-associated endonucleases(Cas)have been widely used in gene editing,disease treatment,molecular diagnosis and chromosome imaging.On account of the programmable target recognition of CRISPR-Cas system and the specific targeting function toward RNA of type Ⅵ class Ⅱ Cas proteins,CRISPR-Cas system has been deployed as RNA recognition and detection tools,exhibiting promising application potentials in the field of RNA detection and imaging.In this review,we summarize the latest research progresses as well as development prospects of CRISPR-Cas system in RNA diagnosis and live cell RNA imaging.     

Tuning the mechanical properties and degradation properties of polydioxanone isothermal annealing

Polydioxanone (PPDO) is synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of p-dioxanone, using stannous octoate as the catalyst. The polarized optical micrograph (POM) shows thes pherulite growth rate of PPDO decreases with an increase in the isothermal crystallization temperature. PPDO is compression-molded into bars, and PPDO bars are subjected to isothermal annealing at a range of temperatures (Ta = 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 °C), and correspond to three different annealing times (ta = 1h, 2h, 3h). The effect on PPDO is investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). With an increase in Ta and ta, the grain size and the degree of crystallinity also increase. Meanwhile, the tensile strength is significantly improved. The PPDO bars (90 °C, 2 h) reach the maximum crystallinity (57.21%) and the maximum tensile strength (41.1 MPa). Interestingly, the heat treatment process does not result in serious thermal degradation. It is observed that the hydrolytic degradation of the annealed PPDO is delayed to some extent. Thus, annealed PPDO might have potential applications, particularly in the fields of orthopedic fixation and tissue engineering.     

控制结晶-微波碳热还原法制备高密度LiFePO4/C

应用控制结晶法从溶液相制备球形FePO4.xH2O,再高温烧结得到FePO4前驱体,最后用微波碳热还原法合成高密度L iFePO4/C.由XRD和SEM表征该材料的结构、形貌,并测试其电化学性能.     

基于神经网络的钞票真假识别研究

利用神经网络与光电检测的技术研制了钞票真假识别系统.介绍了系统的结构组成、工作原理、软件系统、神经网络的优化设计、实验及测试结果.经实践验证,其识别结果稳定可靠,可应用于金融智能防伪点钞机与ATM机中.     

光纤中基于双布里渊增益线的受激布里渊散射快光

为了解决受激布里渊散射快光在高吸收区产生损耗的问题,通过分析普通单模光纤中双线泵浦产生的双布里渊增益线特性及在增益峰间实现脉冲的超光速传输理论,利用有限元法数值模拟了双布里渊增益线处受激布里渊散射引起的快光特性。结果表明,当频率分离因子大于0.596时,可以观察到双增益峰;当频率分离因子在1~5.25范围内时,两个泵浦波产生的双增益峰之间可以明显地产生快光;当频率分离因子为1.75时,在双布里渊增益线之间的最大时间提前可达25 ps。当频率分离因子为2.42时,三阶色散所对应的归一化色散长度为无穷大,三阶色散可以得到完全补偿;当频率分离因子大于2.464时,脉冲展宽因子趋近于1,可以实现无畸变传输,但时间提前量小于13.52 ps。本文的研究结论对于在布里渊增益区实现快光具有一定的理论意义,并对设计基于受激布里渊散射快光器件具有理论指导作用。     

Pb的过量值对溶胶-水热法合成钙钛矿型PZT反铁电陶瓷粉体的影响

采用溶胶-水热法合成了具有单一钙钛矿结构的PZT反铁电陶瓷粉体.根据课题组前期的实验结果,选取的水热反应温度为180℃,水热反应时间为24 h,矿化剂KOH的浓度为3 mol/L,探讨了Pb的过量值对合成PZT陶瓷粉体的影响.实验发现,Pb的过量值过低,不足以补偿反应过程中Pb的损失量,A位的Pb缺失易导致PZT粉体结晶度的下降,颗粒结晶不完整.随着Pb过量值的增加,颗粒结晶增强,结晶也越完整.当Pb过量增加到10;时,实验获得了结晶良好的PZT粉体.因此,本实验Pb的最佳过量值为10;.     

碳化硅量子点荧光标记技术及其生物学应用

通过一步法完成SiC量子点的合成和表面改性,并对其微观结构、光学性质和理化性质进行了表征,结果表明该量子点半径小于激子波尔半径,导致了量子限制效应现象而产生光致发光,通过对其红外光谱的分析发现碳化硅量子点表面既已耦合了巯基,因此该量子点可以作为量子点标记技术中又一种新型的标记材料,然后用SiC量子水相溶液对有、无根皮苷环境下的串珠镰刀菌进行标记并长时程荧光成像,同时让已成功标记的该菌侵染苹果植株幼苗,试验表明,根皮苷能够促进串珠镰刀菌的生长,主要表现在菌落成长的速度和数量上,进一步研究发现,串珠镰刀菌生长态势随周围环境中根皮苷含量的增加而更趋旺盛,此外串珠镰刀菌对苹果幼苗侵染的动态示踪过程表明幼苗的第一感染部位为根毛区.     

增强型喷射器对爆轰波DDT过程的影响

在激波、火焰及射流同时存在的流场中,组织燃烧转爆轰过程是脉冲爆震发动机实现点火、起爆的关键问题。设计一类喷射器,采用C_2H_2/O_2/Ar反应,数值验证了该喷射器能增强爆震室燃料燃烧转爆轰的可行性,并讨论了流场中热点的点火机制。结果显示:该装置在流场中可激发不稳定性,产生漩涡,加速能量、质量的交换。流场产生热点,促进火焰速度加快,追赶前导激波。喷射器位置影响前导激波的运动速度。在一定范围内,前导激波速度越大,碰撞产生的热点越容易激发燃烧转爆轰过程。     

Donor-Acceptor Typed AIE Luminogens with Near-infrared Emission for Super-resolution Imaging

Aggregation-induced emission(AIE)luminogens(AIEgens)with high brightness in aggregates exhibit great potentials in biological imaging,but these AIEgens are seldom applied in super-resolution biological imaging,especially in the imaging by using the structural illumination microscope(SIM).Based on this consideration,we synthesized the donor-acceptor typed AIEgen of DTPA-BTN,which not only owns high brightness in the near-infrared(NIR)emission region from 600 nm to 1000 nm(photoluminescence quantum yield,PLQYs=11.35%),but also displays excellent photo-stability.In addition,AIE nanoparticles based on 4,7-ditriphenylamine-[1,2,5]-thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine(DTPA-BTN)were also prepared with highly emissive features and excellent biocompatibility.Finally,the developed DTPA-BTN-based AIE nanoparticles were applied in the super-resolution cellular imaging via SIM,where much smaller full width at half-maximum values and high signal to noise ratios were obtained,indicating the superior imaging resolution.The results here imply that highly emissive AIEgens or AIE nanoparticles can be promising imaging agents for super-resolution imaging via SIM.