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11.
Palladium and molybdenum polycrystalline layers (clusters) have been deposited in a stainless steel UHV system onto a layer of alumina (Al2O3). This layer has been prepared by high temperature oxidation of an aluminium layer. The interaction of this system with nitrogen has been investigated at room temperature by an FEM technique. Under these conditions nitrogen spillover from molybdenum to palladium has been observed. 相似文献
12.
Open circuit voltage (OCV) measurements in H2O/air concentration cells at T<580 K using Yb-doped SrCeO3 electrolyte indicate that under these conditions, protons are transported through the electrolyte as -ve ions, possibly as
hydroxyl (OH−) ions. The H+ ionic transport, which is generally reported, becomes the dominant mode for H2O/air concentration cells at temperatures greater than 750 K or when H2O/air electrodes are replaced by H2/Ar, and the anomalous OCV sign disappears. The combination of low temperature and the presence of hydrogen and oxygen as
provided by the H2O/air system appears to be necessary for the postulated hydroxyl ion electrode reactions to take place.
In addition to OCV measurements, results from impedance spectroscopy are used to provide evidence in support of the suggested
hydroxyl ion mode of protonic transport under the specified conditions. These findings are directly relevant in the development
of novel humidity sensors in the temperature range 450–580K and is reported in a separate paper in this conference.
Paper presented at the 3rd Euroconference on Solid State Ionics, Teulada, Sardinia, Italy, Sept. 15–22, 1996 相似文献
13.
NaY zeolite samples loaded with sodium metal by vapor phase deposition have been investigated using129Xe NMR spectroscopy. At low sodium concentration, the129Xe NMR spectrum showed three resonance lines which clearly indicate the existence of distinct domains in the zeolite sample. Such an observation suggests that the diffusion of the xenon atoms into each domain only occurs with respect to the NMR time scale (2.9 ms). As the sodium concentration increases, observation of a single broad line indicate a macroscopic homogenization of the system. The shift of this line is explained in part due to a paramagnetic interaction between the xenon atoms and the unpaired electrons of particles containing an odd number of sodium atoms. The linewidth is due to the distribution of the local magnetic fields partially averaged by the rapid motion of the xenon atoms and to the statistical distribution of the sodium particles in the supercage cavities. The paramagnetic interaction vanishes with the oxidation of the sample leading to a narrowing and a shift of the line to higher magnetic fields. 相似文献
14.
S. A. Gurevich T. A. Zaraiskaya S. G. Konnikov V. M. Mikushkin S. Yu. Nikonov A. A. Sitnikova S. E. Sysoev V. V. Khorenko V. V. Shnitov Yu. S. Gordeev 《Physics of the Solid State》1997,39(10):1691-1695
The concentration and chemical state of copper in the subsurface region of Cu/SiO2 composite films obtained by simultaneous magnetron sputtering from two sources (Cu and SiO2) are determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is established that copper in the as-grown film is primarily in the form of unoxidized atoms dispersed in a SiO2 matrix. Annealing of the film results in practically no oxidation, but about 70% of the copper atoms condense into metallic clusters with sizes below 10 Å in the subsurface region and about 50 Å in the bulk of the film. The changes in the binding energy of core electrons, and especially in the energies of Auger electrons, are so large in this situation that photoelectron and Auger spectroscopy are efficient methods for monitoring the chemical state of this composite material. 相似文献
15.
Ya. V. Fattakhov M. F. Galyautdinov T. N. L’vova I. B. Khaibullin 《Technical Physics》1997,42(12):1457-1459
The first results regarding the formation of a two-dimensional periodic structure of local melting regions on a silicon surface
upon pulsed light irradiation are presented. The conditions are established, and the mechanism of the formation of such structures
is discussed.
Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 67, 97–99 (December 1997) 相似文献
16.
L. K. Aminov I. N. Kurkin D. A. Lukoyanov K. P. Chernov 《Physics of the Solid State》1997,39(8):1184-1186
Results are reported for measurements of the spin-lattice relaxation times of E′1 centers in quartz glass, produced by neutron irradiation, with the measurements made at two frequencies 9.25 and 24.0 GHz
over a wide temperature interval 1.5–300 K. The experimental data are interpreted on the basis of interaction mechanisms of
the spins with two-level systems with excitation energies ∼6, ∼26, and ∼420 cm−1. A small modification of the existing theory allows us to explain a number of features of the observed temperature and frequency
dependence of the relaxation rate. The results are compared with the data available in the literature on spin-lattice relaxation
of irradiation centers in crystalline quartz and quartz glass.
Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 39, 1335–1337 (August 1997) 相似文献
17.
玻璃陶瓷材料中Tm3+离子红外到蓝色上转换发光 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
系统研究了PbF2+GeO2+WO3ⅩⅣTmF3玻璃陶瓷材料中,在近红外光(1.06μm)激发下,Tm3+离子的发光特性.实验中观测到Tm3+离子的两组峰值位置分别在20920cm-1和22173cm-1的蓝色上转换发光,并证实这两组上转换发光分别与吸收三个和四个光子有关,同时建立了上转换发光的模型.为了选择最佳掺杂浓度,详细地测量了Tm3+离子峰值为20920cm-1的蓝色上转换发光强度与TmF3浓度的关系. 相似文献
18.
Daniel L. Feldheim Del R. Lawson Charles R. Martin 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1993,31(8):953-957
We report a strong dependence of the thermal stability of Nafion® perfluorosulfonate ionomer on the nature of the counterion associated with the fixed sulfonate site. These results were obtained using thermal gravimetric analysis on a series of alkali metal and alkyl ammonium cation-exchanged Nafion films. We have found that the temperature of decomposition of Nafion is inversely dependent on the size of the exchanged cation; i.e., Nafion films show improved thermal stability as the size of the counter cation decreases. We attribute this inverse relationship of thermal stability with counterion size to an initial decomposition reaction which is strongly influenced by the strength of the sulfonate-coun-terion interaction. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
19.
V. Palyok I.A. Szabó D.L. Beke A. Kikineshi 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2002,74(5):683-687
Surface relief formation at holographic recording on amorphous selenium films was demonstrated and investigated. The presence
of this optical phase modulation component is essential for ensuring significant, stable and erasable optical recording in
a-Se films at 290–320 K temperatures, where conventional photodarkening was known as insignificant and unstable. Photocrystallization
can only be observed in super-exposed a-Se films at the given experimental conditions of hologram recording. Erasing behavior
of surface relief gratings under heat treatment was also investigated in order to reveal further details of the mechanism.
Photoinduced structural transformations within the amorphous phase, connected to local ordering under the condition of light-induced
fluidity, are proposed as an explanation for the relief formation and erasing. The observed reversible optical recording process
may be useful for the various optoelectronic applications of photoconductive a-Se layers.
Received: 12 June 2000 / Accepted: 6 June 2001 / Published online: 30 August 2001 相似文献
20.
The theory of tree-growing (RECPAM approach) is developed for outcome variables which are distributed as the canonical exponential family. The general RECPAM approach (consisting of three steps: recursive partition, pruning and amalgamation), is reviewed. This is seen as constructing a partition with maximal information content about a parameter to be predicted, followed by simplification by the elimination of ‘negligible’ information. The measure of information is defined for an exponential family outcome as a deviance difference, and appropriate modifications of pruning and amalgamation rules are discussed. It is further shown how the proposed approach makes it possible to develop tree-growing for situations usually treated by generalized linear models (GLIM). In particular, Poisson and logistic regression can be tree-structured. Moreover, censored survival data can be treated, as in GLIM, by observing a formal equivalence of the likelihood under random censoring and an appropriate Poisson model. Three examples are given of application to Poisson, binary and censored survival data. 相似文献