Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Organocobalt(III) Complexes with Secondary Alkyls or Bulky Schiff Base Equatorial Ligands

Alkylcobalt(III) Schiff base B(12) model complexes with secondary alkyls or a bulky diamine in the equatorial position were synthesized and characterized. Structures have been first determined by X-ray diffraction analysis for i-C(4)H(9)Co(salen)(gamma-pic) (I), n-C(3)H(7)Co(salen)(gamma-pic) (II) and C(2)H(5)Co(SB) (III), where salen = N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylideneamine) dianion; SB = 1,1,2,2-tetramethyl-N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylideneamine) dianion, gamma-pic = gamma-picoline. Crystal data for I (CoC(26)N(3)O(2)H(30)): space group P2(1)/c with a = 6.661(5) ?, b = 18.612(2) ?, c = 19.533(3) ?, beta = 98.93(1) degrees, V = 2392.10 ?(3), D(calcd) = 1.320 g.cm(-3), Z = 4, and R = 0.048 for 4469 measured reflections. Crystal data for II (CoC(25)N(3)O(2)H(28)): space group P2(1)/c, a = 9.609(6) ?, b = 19.169(8) ?, c = 12.995(9) ?, beta = 106.9(7) degrees, V = 2290.4 ?(3), D(calcd) = 1.332 g.cm(-1), Z = 4, and R = 0.048 for 4358 measured reflections. Crystal data for III (CoC(22)N(2)O(2)H(27)): space group P2(1)/c, a = 8.318(3) ?, b = 21.579(2) ?, c = 11.572(2) ?, beta = 93.35(1) degrees, V = 2073.7 ?(3), D(calcd) = 1.314 g.cm(-1), Z = 4, and R = 0.060 for 3954 measured reflections. The crystal structure data reveal that complexes I and II display six-coordinate octahedral geometry; their Co-C, Co-N bond lengths, as well as the Co-C-C angles, are very close to those in 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin. Complex III is one of the very few compounds having five-coordinate square pyramidal geometry and observed instability of the Co-C bond.     

四配位硅单体及其共聚物的制备和结构表征

研究了直接从无定形二氧化硅出发, 与乙二醇、氢氧化钾反应, 生成高反应活性的五配位硅钾化合物, 并以此为原料与含活泼氯的3-氯丙烯反应制备出含双键官能团的四配位硅单体. 讨论了合成单体的条件如温度、反应时间、反应物浓度、溶液pH值及溶剂等因素的影响. 然后以该四配位硅单体与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)在偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)作引发剂下进行自由基聚合得到支链含硅共聚物. 并借助于红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振(¹³C和¹H, ²⁹Si)、能谱元素分析对合成的单体进行了结构表征; 用红外光谱(IR)、热失重谱(TG)、差示扫描量热谱(DSC)、凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)等现代测试手段对支链含硅共聚物进行了结构表征及热性能分析. IR表明四配位硅单体在1646 cm^－1处是C＝C的伸缩振动吸收峰, 在共聚物中此峰消失; TG表明共聚物在249.6 ℃才开始失重, 552 ℃有机部分失重完毕; GPC分析表明共聚物的数均分子量为8.7万.     

Quantitative analysis of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid in mouse plasma using electrospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

23-Hydroxybetulinic acid is a newly isolated derivative of betulinic acid. The agent exhibits potential anti-tumor activity and functions in this regard via apoptosis. In support of pharmacokinetic and toxicological evaluations, a new assay based on liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was developed for the quantitative analysis of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid. Sample preparation consisted of extraction of the plasma by the addition of methylene chloride followed by centrifugation. Aliquots of the supernatant were analyzed using an isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system coupled to a negative ion electrospray mass spectrometer. Molecules of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid and the internal standard limonin were detected using selected ion monitoring at m/z 471 and 469, respectively. The limit of detection of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid was 0.05 pg (0.11 fmol) injected on-column (10 pg/mL, 5 microL injection volume), and the limit of quantitation was 10 pg (21.19 fmol, 2 ng/mL, 5 muL injection volume). 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid was stable in plasma samples at -20 degrees C for at least 3 weeks. The intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation of the assay were 3.0 and 4.8%, respectively. The utility of the assay was demonstrated by measuring 23-hydroxybetulinicacid in mouse plasma following intragastric administration (IG) in vivo. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the 3P97 pharmacokinetic software package. A two-compartment, first-order model was selected for pharmacokinetic modeling. The result showed that after IG of 200 mg/kg 23-hydroxybetulinic acid, the plasma concentrations reached peaks at 2 h with C(max) of 3.1 microg/mL. The 200 mg/kg 23-hydroxybetulinic acid suspension IG doses were found to have long elimination half-lives of 25.6 h and low bioavailability of 2.3%. No interference was noted due to endogenous substances. These analytical methods should be of value in future studies related to the development and characterization of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Natural Mineral Lindgrenite

IntroductionSynthesis of natural minerals is helpful for tracingthe geological origin of mineral formation and forverifying the quality of minerals. The investigations onthe conditions for mineral formation, such as pressure,temperature, and starting mate…     

Titania membrane preparation with chemical stability for very hash environments applications

The high-quality tubular titania MF membranes are successfully prepared by dip-coating techniques and systematically investigated with regard to their corrosive resistances. The experiments show that dispersants PAA and anatase powder were preferably employed to prepare desired suspensions with solid loading 10–15 wt.% and that suspensions properties significantly affect the final membranes quality. The titania MF membranes with pure water permeability 742.42 l m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹ and 0.1 μm pore diameter have been obtained using the prepared suspensions. The corrosion resistance of titania membranes exhibits that the anatase layers are more stable than the alumina supports in boiling corrosive medium and that the poor quality titania MF membranes become more deteriorated due to its top layer pore blockages and fouling layer formation, which provides a wide range of practical application fields in very hash environments with reliable data supports.     

Theoretical Study of Weakly Bound Dimers between Hydrogen Fluoride and Some Polar Molecules

Weakly bound linear and bent dimers, FH—X (where X = CO, OC, CNH, NCH, N₂O and ON₂), are investigated using the DFT B3LYP and ab initio MP2 methods with the same basis sets (6–311++G(3df,2pd)). The strengths of the H—C or H—N H‐bonds in dimers FH—CO, FH—CNH, and FH—N₂O are compared with those of the H—O or H—N H‐bonds in dimers FH—OC, FH—NCH, and FH—ON₂. The results obtained for the H‐bond distances, the elongation effect of the HF bond, the red shift of the HF stretching frequency, and the energy difference between the dimer and the charge transfer reveal that the H‐bonds of the first group of dimers are stronger than those of the second. The Gibbs energies calculated for the six dimer formations indicate that the weakly bound dimers are unstable at room temperature (T = 298 K) (FH—X's → FH + X's, ΔG < 0).     

Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Aminonitril on Glucose Templates

Both proteinogenic and non proteinogenic α-amino acids are of particular interest as constituents of peptide factors, peptidomimetics and antibiotics for the construction of modern selective drugs. [1] Furthemore, α-amino acid derivatives are interesting building units for chiral-pool syntheses of enantiomerically pure natural products. [2] Numerous efforts in modern organic synthesis are centered on the synthesis of enantiomerically pure α-amino acids. [3] During the past three decades efficient methods of asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids have been developed; most of them are based on electrophilic transformations of organometallic intermediates. [4] Using the concept that the chirality of the carbohydrates can be exploited for diastereoselective reactions, Kunz and his cooperator had developed a Strecker synthesis with glycosyl amines as chiral auxiliaries. [5]     

含氟嵌段共聚物离聚体的合成表征及其性能研究

嵌段共聚物离聚体具有独特的形态和固体及溶液性质 ,在热塑性弹性体、极性材料与非极性材料共混相溶剂和粘度调节剂等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景 ,引起了人们的普遍关注 .文献报道较多的是聚苯乙烯 乙烯 丙烯[1] 、聚苯乙烯 乙烯 丁烯 苯乙烯[2 ] 、聚苯乙烯 异丁烯 苯乙烯[3 ] 等共聚物中 ,聚苯乙烯链段部分磺化后所得离聚体的合成与性质研究 .众所周知 ,含氟聚合物具有低表面能和高表面活性等特性 ,因而将含氟基团引入到嵌段共聚物离聚体中有望开发出一种新型的特殊功能材料 .原子转移自由基聚合 (ATRP)自 1 995年问世以来 ,已成功…     

Synthesis of N—（4—Salicylideneiminoaryl）monoaza Crown Ethers and Dioxygen Affinities of Their Cobalt（Ⅱ）Complexes

The Schiff base‐containing pendant monoaza crown ether HL¹, HL², HL³ and HL⁴ have been synthesized by condensation of salicylaldehyde with N‐(4‐aminoaryl) monoaza crown ethers, which were prepared conveniently from 4‐nitro‐N, N‐di(hydroxyethyl) aniline or 4‐nitrobenzyl chloride via cyclization or condensation and reduction. The structures of HL¹—HL⁴ were verified by ¹H NMR, IR spectra, MS and elemental analysis. Moreover, the oxygenation constants (KO2) and thermodynamic parameters (δH⁰ and δS⁰) of their cobalt(II) complexes were determined in the range of ?5 °C to 25 °C, and the effect of crown ring bonded to a Schiff base on the dioxygen affinities of cobalt(II) complexes was also observed as compared to the uncrowned analogue (CoL).     

Macrolactonization via Ti(IV)-mediated epoxy-acid coupling: a total synthesis of (-)-dactylolide [and zampanolide

A total synthesis of dactylolide (1) is described. The key feature involves the Ti(IV)-mediated coupling of structurally complex "Sharpless epoxides" and carboxylic acids in either an intramolecular (macrolactonization) or an intermolecular mode. Other notable aspects include a proton-catalyzed, cis-selective construction of the 4-methylenetetrahydropyran ring; a selective oxidation of an allylic alcohol in the presence of a 1,2-diol by an oxoammonium ion; an efficient ring-closing metathesis reaction of an in situ (bis-TMS) protected alpha,omega-diene-vic-diol; and an aluminum-mediated aza-aldol reaction of a primary amide to 1 to construct the acyclic carbinolamide in zampanolide.