碱金属盐对ZSM-5分子筛晶化的影响

Effect of different alkali metal salts on the crystal size and the crystallization rate of ZSM-5 zeolite was de-tailedly investigated in this paper. The samples prepared by adding the different alkali metal salts were character-ized by using XRD， TEM， TG-DSC， BET and IR techniques. The XRD results showed that， for the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite， the characteristic peaks broadened on the XRD patterns in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The SEM results verified that the crystal size of zeolites prepared by adding different alkali metal salts had different results， and adding NaCl， NaC₂H₃O₂ and KCl showed the better effect of reducing crystal size， which are about of 40～60nm size. The crystallization curve of adding the different alkali metal salts suggested that the crystallization rate was significantly affected by the anions in the alkali metal salt besides the cations. Moreover， the crystal size likewise depended on the anion in the alkali metal salt. In addition， the BET results suggested that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite possessed a larger outer surface area in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The thermostability of the samples was determined by TG-DSC technique， indicating that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite had a poor thermostability as compared with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The possible difference of the samples with different crystal sizes on IR spectra was also given.     

FIRE DISTURBANCE PATTERNS AND FOREST AGE STRUCTURE

ABSTRACT. This paper investigates how the stability of forest age-distribution is related to the fire regimes. We start with the derivation of theoreticalnegative exponentialforest age-distribution, and use three models to explore the condition with which a stable age-distribution could be expected. The results suggested that a stable age-distribution could always be achieved as long as the forest age-specific mortality is constant over time, and the shape of a stable age-distribution is mainly determined by the forest age-specific mortality. However, the stability of forest age-distribution will be reduced when a small variation in the age-specific mortality is introduced. The simulation results of the possible patterns of the age-distribution under various fire regimes indicated that a variety of age-distribution curves could appear, including negative exponential and one or multiple peaks in the curves. The results suggested that a stable forest age-distribution might never be achieved if the forest landscape is subjected to large and irregular fire disturbances.     

微通道周期流动电位势及电粘性效应

求解了双电层的Poisson-Boltzmann方程和流体运动的Navier-Stokes方程,得到在周期压差作用下,二维微通道的周期流动电位势,流动诱导电场和液体流动速度的解析解．量纲分析表明,流体电粘性力与以下3个参数有关:1) 电粘性数,它表示定常流动时,通道最大电粘性力与压力梯度的比;2) 形状函数,它表示电粘性力在通道横截面的分布形态; 3) 耦合系数,它表示电粘性力的振幅衰减特征和相位差．分析结果表明,微通道周期流动诱导电场、流动速度与频率Reynolds数有关．在频率Reynolds数小于1时,流动诱导电场随频率Reynolds数变化很慢．在频率Reynolds数大于1时,流动诱导电场随频率Reynolds数的增加快速衰减．在通道宽度与双电层厚度比值较小情况下,电粘性效应对周期流动速度和流动诱导电场有重要影响．     

~1H MAS NMR characterization of hydrogen over silica-supported rhodium catalyst

Hydrogen species in both SiO2 and Rh/SiO2 catalysts pretreated in different atmospheres (H2, O2, helium or air) at different temperatures (773 or 973 K) were investigated by means of 1H MAS NMR. In SiO2 and O2-pretreated catalysts, a series of downfield signals at -7.0, 3.8-4.0, 2.0 and 1.5-1.0 were detected. The first two signals can be attributed to strongly adsorbed and physisorbed water and the others to terminal silanol (SiOH) and SiOH under the screening of oxygen vacancies in SiO2 lattice, respectively. Besides the above signals, both upfield signal at -110 and downfield signals at 3.0 and 0.0 were also detected in H2-pretreated catalyst, respectively. The upfield signal at -110 originated from the dissociative adsorption of H2 over rhodium and was found to consist of both the contributions of reversible and irreversible hydrogen. There also probably existed another dissociatively adsorbed hydrogen over rhodium, which was known to be p hydrogen and in a unique form of "delocalized hydrogen". It wa     

电致变色/电控荧光双功能聚合物的合成及性能

将电活性双胺单体4,4'-二氨基二苯醚与1,2,4,5-环己烷四甲酸二酐共聚, 得到电活性聚酰胺酸聚合物. 再通过后功能化方法, 采用酰胺化反应将2-氨基芴引入到聚合物结构中, 合成了荧光聚合物. 通过核磁、 红外和凝胶渗透色谱证实了聚合物的结构. 该聚合物在0~0.8 V的电压下展示出可逆的电化学活性. 在利用电压改变苯胺齐聚物链段的氧化状态的过程中, 聚合物薄膜发生了明显的颜色变化, 展现出良好的电致变色性质. 荧光性质随着施加电压的改变而变化, 展现出优异的电控荧光特性.     

高分子量聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料的合成与表征

在导电聚合物中,聚苯胺（PANI）因其导电性能优良,环境稳定性好,合成工艺简单,原料成本低廉等优点,被认为是最有可能实际应用的导电聚合物．然而用传统方法合成的聚苯胺由于其分子量小,分子链中存在缺陷而使其导电性能和力学性能大大降低,从而限制了其实际应用．而高分子量聚苯胺的导电性能和力学性能比一般聚苯胺有较大的提高．     

完全图的广义Mycielski图的邻强边染色

对|V(G)|≥3的连通图G,若κ-正常边染色法满足相邻点的色集合不相同,则称该染色法为κ-邻强边染色,其最小的κ称为图G的邻强边色数。张忠辅等学者猜想:对|V(G)|≥3的连通图G,G≠C_5其邻强边色数至多为△(G)+2,利用组合分析的方法给出了完全图的广义Mycielski图的邻强边色数,从而验证了图的邻强边染色猜想对于此类图成立。     

布居分支比模型——一种定性分析上转换效率的有效方法

通过对在上转换的过程中起关键作用的是发动上转换的关键亚稳态的动力学因素的分析,建立了在连续激光激发下的定性分析上转换的“布居分支比β”物理模型：即上转换可以由关键亚稳态上的布居再次被激发至更高激发态的分支比β来描述;其特别的物理意义在于这种方法易于从总体上对上转换的性能有全面的定性的掌握.还进一步论证了对于Er³⁺离子步进吸收上转换,石英、五磷酸盐等截止声子能量大于1000cm^-1的材料的上转换发光约为氟化物的万分之一的原因是它们的多声子无辐射弛豫速率W_关键词：     

基于流固耦合的锚索涡激振动抑制方法研究

悬浮隧道锚索的涡激振动会加剧锚索的疲劳破坏,进而影响悬浮隧道的使用寿命和安全.文章在海洋立管涡激振动抑制研究的基础上,考虑悬浮隧道锚索倾斜角度和来流方向的影响,采用流固耦合的数值方法,对整流罩方法和三控制杆方法的抑制效果进行了分析.结果表明,在顺来流方向,两种方法均具有良好的抑振效果;锚索有倾斜的情况下,三控制杆方法的效果会有所提升;但在来流方向改变时,整流罩方法具有较强的适应性.     

用可溶性催化剂合成顺式聚丁二烯的研究——Ⅰ.用CoCl2·4C5H5N-(C2H5)2AlCl作催化剂

本文研究了催化剂的用量、单体的浓度、聚合温度等聚合条件对聚丁二烯的转化率、分子量以及链结构的影响。试验结果表明:这个催化剂的特点是催化剂用量极少,1,4-顺式含量高而且稳定,聚合速度太快,高聚物的分子量过大,因此进一步研究了聚合速度的控制和高聚物分子量的调节。已得到的结果是:(1)在不同溶剂中聚合的速度相差甚大。其快慢的顺序是,苯>甲苯>二甲苯>三甲苯。(2)添加一些如苯基-β-萘胺、N,N′-二苯基对苯二胺等胺类,既可减慢聚合速度,又能降低高聚物的分子量。(3)调节体系中水分的含量,控制高聚物的分子量。(4)利用二种溶剂混合的不同比例,调节高聚物的分子量。(5)加入少量的萘、蒽等稠环芳烃于庚烷溶剂中,则大大提高高聚物的分子量。对上述结果进行了讨论。