Numerical simulation of explosion processes in fronzen soil

At present, there are numerous experimental and theoretical papers concerned with the behavior of soft soils under explosive loading; e.g., see [1–5]. The case of frozen soils is quite different. There are known only a few papers presenting the results of experimental [6–8] and numerical [9, 10] studies. The numerical results were obtained by solving one-dimensional problems on the explosion of a spherical charge. In the present paper, we give the results of numerical studies of wave processes caused by the explosion of a spherical charge in a homogeneous or layered frozen soil with allowance for the free surface and the finite depth of the freezing boundary. Frozen and soft soils are modeled by Grigoryan’s medium with irreversible bulk and shear strains. We analyze how the free boundary and the interface affect the wave parameters. The results of numerical calculations are compared with known experimental data.     

Magnetic susceptibility and x-ray photoelectronic spectra of CoO-MgO solid solutions

Conclusions Employing the magnetic susceptibility and x-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy methods it was shown that the high values of the Co(II) magnetic moments in a CoO-MgO solid solution in the air are due to the adsorption of oxygen in the paramagnetic form.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 908–909, April, 1977.