Formation of a composite from Se0 nanoparticles stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone and Acetobacter xylinum cellulose gel films

Formation of a composite from Se⁰ nanoparticles stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone and Acetobacter xylinum cellulose gel films was studied. The optimal sorption parameters at which the amorphous form of the selenium complex is preserved in the composite were suggested.     

Inverse-beta-decay reaction in the antineutrino flux from the fragments of <Superscript>232</Superscript>Th and <Superscript>233</Superscript>U fission

The energy spectra of antineutrinos produced in the beta decay of fragments originating from ²³³U and ²³²Th fission induced by neutrons are calculated. The relevant cross sections and the spectra of positrons produced in inverse beta decay are found. This study was motivated by the hypothesis (discussed over the past decade)t hat a self-sustained chain reaction proceeds at the center of the Earth (“georeactor”). According to the author of this hypothesis, the georeactor provides energy necessary for maintaining the Earth’s magnetic field. It is ²³⁵U and, probably, ²³²Th and ²³³U that serve as a nuclear fuel in this reactor. Data obtained in the present study can be guidelines in future experiments aimed at testing the hypothesis of the georeactor and at estimating the composition of its nuclear fuel within the development of geophysical and astrophysical investigations based on the observation of antineutrino fluxes in nature.     

Determination of protein adducts of organophosphorus nerve agents in blood plasma

A comparative study of the efficiency of procedures for the determination of the biomarkers of organophosphorus agents (OPAs) in blood plasma was performed. It was found that the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry determination of OPAs reactivated from the composition of protein adducts is a rapid method for the detection of exposure to OPAs. The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry determination of phosphonylated butyrylcholinesterase and albumin fragments modified with OPA residues provides an opportunity to perform more sensitive and retrospective analysis. The tyrosine adducts of OPAs with serum albumin and other blood plasma proteins are not prone to dealkylation in the course of aging; in the series of the test markers, they possess the greatest diagnostic value because they make it possible to determine the precise structure a toxic agent after the longest time interval after exposure. The tentative limit of detection of OPA markers varies from 0.1 to 1.0 ng/mL.     

Adsorption of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Selenium Nanoparticles during Their Formation in Water

Two previously unknown phenomena were observed in studying the reduction of selenious acid with ascorbic acid in an aqueous hydroxyethyl cellulose solution: (1) formation of nanoparticles of amorphous Se⁰ with uniform particle size distribution and mean particle radius of 15 ± 4 nm and (2) adsorption of more than 3000 macromolecules on these nanoparticles with formation of spherical nanostructures.     

Structure of ketoenamine derivatives of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexanedione

Conclusions The addition of amines to 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexanedione goes preferentially at the acetyl group as the less sterically hindered.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1795–1800, August, 1979.The authors express their gratitude to A. I. Kol't-sov for assistance in the interpretation of the PMR spectra.