Two-dimensional isotropic orientational glasses: a computer-simulation study

The analogue of the Edwards-Anderson model for isotropic vector spin glasses, but taking three-component quadrupoles instead of spins at each lattice site, is studied on the square lattice with extensive Monte Carlo calculations, using a nearest-neighbor symmetric gaussian interaction.It is shown that at low temperaturesT the model develops a short range order both with respect to glass like correlations and with respect to ferromagnetic correlations among the quadrupoles. The associated correlation lengths and susceptibilities diverge asT0, and the critical exponents for this zero-temperature phase transition are estimated.Dynamic correlation functions are analyzed as well and it is shown that the dacay of spatially displaced correlations displays a Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts behavior similar to the self-correlation function of the quadrupole moments.Some quantities are compared to their corresponding counterparts on the threedimensional simple cubic lattice, which also has a zero-temperature transition but at corresponding temperatures has stronger short-range-order.     

Landau levels and electron radiation in planar channeling in monocrystals

The influence of a magnetic field on the motion and radiation of an electron is considered for planar channeling in a monocrystal. It is shown that discrete levels analogous to Landau levels appear in the super-barrier domain of transverse energies instead of a continuous spectrum. The spectral composition and intensity of anomalous and normal waves are computed. The possibilities are discussed of the observation of electron radiation with Landau levels.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 8, pp. 88–93, August, 1989.     

Structural investigation of phase transformations in an MnAl alloy

A comprehensive x-ray diffraction study is made of an MnAl alloy, including a phase analysis of the alloy. Changes in the lattice parameters of the phases during phase transformations are examined and an analysis is made of the dispersion of the metastable ferromagnetic -phase. The structural characteristics are studied with different annealing temperatures ranging from 450 to 900°C. The temperature sequence of the phase transformations of the alloy is determined, along with the optimum conditions for the formation of the magnetic phase in the alloy. The structural characteristics of the phases that are obtained provide evidence of a difference in the processes responsible for ordering of the - and -phases. It is shown that it is possible to use the lattice-parameter ratioc/a to study the directionality of phase transformations in the alloy.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 8, pp. 34–38, August, 1989.     

Possible mechanism of metal ion extraction from aqueous solutions by fibrous polypropylene

Peculiarities of the extraction of metal ions from aqueous solutions by fibrous polypropylene have been investigated. It has been found that metal ion adsorption proceeds owing to the existence of a gas-liquid-hydrophobic polymer boundary line. The process mechanism has been discussed.     

A chemical study of 2-butyne-1,4-diol

Commercial grade 2-butyne-1,4-diol has been used in electroplating for several years. In laboratory experiments, its presence in the electrolyte increases the current efficiency of zinc electro-winning. Its chemical behaviour in solution is not well known. The present paper indicates that the brownish technical grade 2-butyne-1,4-diol contains the monomer, the dimer and some trimer. Pure monomeric 2-butyne-1,4-diol is a white solid obtained by evaporation of the technical grade product. The monomer is slowly transformed into dimer and possibly into a trimer when dissolved in water. Various analytical techniques were used in the study of this system. Factor analysis with column cross-validation was applied to chromatographic data to help in the resolution of the system.     

The lipids of microalgae II. Lipids of the dry biomass ofMonochrysis lutheri

Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 899–900, November–December, 1993.