Observation of phase transition of cesium manganese hexacyanoferrates by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Cesium manganese hexacyanoferrates exhibit an interesting phenomenon of temperature-induced phase transition accompanied by a variation in the magnetic susceptibility. We observed the variation in the electronic state of Mn during the phase transition by using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The results of the analyses showed that the content ratio of Fe^II-CN-Mn^III and Fe^III-CN-Mn^II systematically varied during the phase transition. However, the ratio of Fe^II-CN-Mn^II remained constant at almost all temperatures. These results suggest that the charge transfer between Fe and Mn ions in the Fe^III-CN-Mn^II or the Fe^II-CN-Mn^III bond produces the phase transition.     

Nano-SIMS analysis of Mg, Sr, Ba and U in natural calcium carbonate.

Concentrations of minor (Mg and Sr) and trace (Ba and U) elements in four natural calcium carbonate samples were first analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after chemical dissolution and calibrated against a standard dolomite. Their homogeneities were checked by in situ laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS with 10-20 spots. The carbonate samples were measured by using a high lateral resolution secondary ion mass spectrometer (Nano-SIMS NS50). A approximately 4 nA O- primary beam was used to sputter a 5-6-microm diameter crater on the sample surface, and secondary positive ions were extracted for mass analysis using an accelerating voltage of 8 kV and a Mattauch-Herzog geometry. A multi-collector system was adjusted to detect 26Mg+, 43Ca+, 88Sr+, 138Ba+, 238U16O+ and 238U16O2+ ions at the same time. A resolving power of 2500-5000 at 10% peak height was attained by an entrance slit set at 40 microm, and each exit slit at 50 microm with adequate flat-topped peaks. The observed 26Mg/43Ca, 88Sr/43Ca, 138Ba/43Ca and 238U16O2/43Ca ratios agreed well with those measured by LA-ICP-MS. Foraminifera shells were analyzed at 5-6 microm scale by Nano-SIMS. There was a large variation of the Mg/Ca ratios, up to +/- 38%, even in a single fragment of the shell, suggesting that although the ratios provide a useful paleoceanographic proxy at bulk scale, they may reflect a more complex pattern at < 10 microm scale.     

Accurate Three-Nucleon Bound-State Calculation with an Extended Separable Expansion of the Two-Body T-Matrix

An accurate solution for the three-nucleon bound state is obtained within 1 keV in the binding energy and, on the whole, better than 1% in the wave function, using a new systematic and efficient method. The method is based on a recently developed separable expansion for any finite-range interaction, in which a rigorous separable series for the two-body t-matrix is obtained by expanding the wave function in terms of a complete set of basis functions inside the range of the potential. In order to treat a potential with a strong repulsive core, as in the case of the Argonne potential, we develop a two-potential formalism. The expansion starts with a few EST (Ernst, Shakin, and Thaler) terms in order to accelerate the convergence and continues with an orthogonal set of polynomials, avoiding the known difficulties of a pure EST expansion. Thus, several techniques are combined in the present extended separable expansion (ESE). In this way, the method opens a new systematic treatment for accurate few-body calculations resulting in a dramatic reduction in the CPU time required to solve few-body equations. Received November 6, 1996; revised April 14, 1997; accepted for publication April 30, 1997     

ESR studies of polyacenic semiconductive material

ESR measurements have been performed on the polyacenic material prepared by the pyrolytic treatment of phenol-formaldehyde resin. Six kinds of samples (A)-(F) with various electrical conductivity (σ) were employed for the measurements. Each sample shows a single narrow line, the g-values of which suggest the existence of unpaired electrons of π-type. If the sample (F) (σ = 1 × 10° S cm^?1) the single narrow line becomes drastically diminished in the presence of a small amount of oxygen.     

A 13C NMR study of β-carboline alkaloids

The ¹³C NMR spectra of β-carboline alkaloids were determined, and unambiguous assignments of the spectra were carried out from the long-range coupling constants.     

Electrochemical SNPs detection using an abasic site-containing DNA on a gold electrode

An abasic site-containing DNA combined with lumiflavin allows amperometric determination of single nucleotide polymorphism through hydrogen bond-mediated nucleobase recognition in water by using abasic sites as a molecular recognition field.     

Isotope shift calculations for open-shell atoms and ions: an extension to the RATIP program

During the past decade, the Ratip program has been found useful for calculating a variety of atomic properties, including energies, transition probabilities, Auger parameters as well as a number of excitation, ionization and capture cross sections for processes with a single electron in the continuum. Recently, in addition, this suite of programs was extended to predict also the isotope shift and hyperfine parameters of open-shell atoms and ions. Here, we review the latest developments of the Ratip program with emphasis on the specific mass-shift M ^sms and field-shift F parameters. Detailed computations for these parameters have been carried out especially for the $4s\;^2S_{1/2} - 4p\;^2P_{1/2,3/2}$ transitions at ~ 397 nm of singly-charged Ca^?+? ions and are compared with available data from the literature.