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191.
A synthetic approach for tropane alkaloids on the basis of tandem (domino) ene-type reactions of acetone silyl enol ethers with iminium ions is shown to be triggered by intermolecular ene-type reactions followed by 6-(2,5) silatropic ene-type cyclizations. 相似文献
192.
A simple and efficient method for the solid-phase synthesis of benzimidazole libraries is described. Monoalkylation of various o-phenylenediamines on resin-bound bromoacetamide proceeded smoothly to give the monoalkyl resin-bound o-phenylenediamines in high yields. Subsequent cyclization of the diamines with various aldehydes afforded solid-supported benzimidazoles. Cleavage from the resin gave benzimidazoles in good yields. The present method enabled the introduction of the diversity on the benzene ring of imidazoles. Azabenzimidazoles, such as 4-azabenzimidazoles, 5-azabenzimidazoles, and purines, were also synthesized in good yields with high purities by the same procedure. 相似文献
193.
We study the size dependence of the nonlinear response of weakly confined excitons for the size region beyond the long wavelength approximation regime. The observed degenerate-four-wave mixing signal of GaAs thin layers exhibits an anomalous size dependence, where the signal is resonantly enhanced at a particular thickness region. The theoretical analysis elucidates that this enhancement is due to the size-resonant enhancement of the internal field with a spatial structure relevant to the nondipole-type excitonic state. These results establish the formerly proposed new type of size dependence of nonlinear response due to the nonlocality induced double resonance. 相似文献
194.
A ternary self-dual code can be constructed from a Hadamard matrix of order congruent to 8 modulo 12. In this paper, we show
that the Paley–Hadamard matrix is the only Hadamard matrix of order 32 which gives an extremal self-dual code of length 64.
This gives a coding theoretic characterization of the Paley–Hadamard matrix of order 32. 相似文献
195.
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of detonations in both a circular tube and a coaxial tube are simulated to reveal characteristics
of single spinning and two-headed detonations. The numerical results show a feature of a single spinning detonation which
was discovered in 1926. Transverse detonations are observed in both tubes, however, the single spinning mode maintains the
complex Mach reflection whereas the two-headed mode develops periodically from the single Mach reflection to the complex one.
The calculated cell aspect ratio for the two-headed mode changes from 1.09 to 1.34 as the radius of axial insert increases
from r
1/R = 0.1 to 0.9. The calculated cell aspect ratio for r
1/R = 0.1 is close to the experimental results without an axial insert. The formation of an unreacted gas pocket behind the detonation
front was not observed in the single spinning mode; however, the two-headed mode has unreacted gas pocket behind the front
near the axial insert.
相似文献
196.
197.
2,2-Dimethyl- and 2-benzyl-2-methyl-1-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1-phosphaethenes were employed as ligand of mononuclear chlorogold(I) complexes, which catalyzed cycloisomerization of 1,6-enyne affording vinylcyclopentene exclusively in the absence of silver co-catalyst. The reaction mechanisms are discussed based on DFT calculations. In addition to the cycloisomerization, the phosphaalkene-chlorogold(I) complexes catalyzed cyclization of pent-4-ynoic acids providing γ-methylene-γ-lactones under basic conditions. 相似文献
198.
Ichirou Yamaguchi Masayuki Yokota Takasi Ida Mizuki Sunaga Koichi Kobayashi 《Optical Review》2007,14(6):362-364
The state of drying paint is monitored from the dynamic behaviors of the speckle pattern arising from laser illumination of
the region inspected. Temporal variation of the peak height of the cross-correlation function between successive frames taken
with a fixed interval is plotted until the peak maintains a stationary maximum value. We used a speckle pattern in the diffraction
field for monitoring of a single region and that in the image field for simultaneous monitoring of various regions. Both the
normal and the phase-only algorithms were compared for cross-correlation computation. The former showed more distinct variation
of peak height. 相似文献
199.
A spectrophotometric method for the determination of ionic surfactants with Bromophenol Blue (BPB) based on incorporation into a precipitated chitosan was studied. Cationic surfactants (CS+), such as a quaternary ammonium ion containing a long-chain alkyl group, associate with BPB2- buffered at about pH 9 to form the ion associate (CS+)2 x BPB2-. CS+ associates with anionic surfactants (AS-). In the presence of a definite amount of CS+, an increase in the amount of AS- leads to a decrease in the amount of excess CS+, and therefore to a decrease in the amount of the ion associate of CS+ with BPB2-. The addition of a chitosan dissolved in acetic acid to a solution containing these ion associates leads immediately to precipitation of the chitosan and the incorporation of the ion associates (CS+)2 x BPB2- or CS+ x AS- into the precipitated chitosan. After centrifuging, ionic surfactants can be determined by the following two methods: (1) the absorbance of the supernatant solution is measured at 590 nm. (2) After the supernatant solution is separated, the precipitate is dissolved in an acetic acid solution and the absorbance is measured at 625 nm. Because the color of the precipitate is judged by the naked eye, this can be applied to the visual method. This is a simple and rapid method for the determination of a 10(-6) M order of ionic surfactants. 相似文献
200.
Chengming Wang Toshiyuki Nagahashi Koichi Aoki Jingyuan Chen 《Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry》2002,530(1-2)
The conductivity, κ, in a suspension of polystyrene sulfonic latex without supporting electrolyte showed a linear dependence on the volume fraction, vf, of the latex for vf<0.03 with a finite intercept. In contrast, this deviated upward from the linear line for vf>0.03. These variations were qualitatively consistent with the dependence of the voltammetric reduction current of H+ on vf without supporting electrolyte. The current values were only a few percent of the theoretical diffusion-controlled current that could be observed in the suspension with supporting electrolyte. This fact indicates the electrostatic immobilization of the hydrogen ions by sulfonic latex particles. A plot of the current against κ at common values of vf showed that the current for vf>0.07 was smaller than the value predicted from the conductivity. This can be explained in terms of a combination of the increase in electrostatically unbounded H+ estimated by conductance measurements and electric migration in which the electrochemical depletion of [H+] also causes the depletion of the latex. 相似文献